A report on Flavian Amphitheater (Pozzuoli)

A late 19th-century photo of the Flavian Amphitheater

Third-largest Roman amphitheater in Italy.

- Flavian Amphitheater (Pozzuoli)
A late 19th-century photo of the Flavian Amphitheater

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Pozzuoli

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City and comune of the Metropolitan City of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania.

City and comune of the Metropolitan City of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania.

Pozzuoli and surroundings
The ancient Macellum of Pozzuoli was a market building, erroneously identified as a Serapeum when a statue of Serapis was discovered
Flavian Amphitheatre
Temple of Augustus in the Cathedral
Mausolea lining Roman Road to Naples

Flavian Amphitheatre (Amphitheatrum Flavium), the third largest Italian amphitheatre after the Colosseum and the Capuan Amphitheatre.

Copy taken from a portrait of Saint Januarius by Caravaggio

Januarius

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Bishop of Benevento and is a martyr and saint of the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Bishop of Benevento and is a martyr and saint of the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Copy taken from a portrait of Saint Januarius by Caravaggio
Ribera, Saint Januarius Emerges Unscathed from the Furnace, Naples Cathedral
San Gennaro procession in Naples, 1631
Martyrdom of Saint Januarius by Girolamo Pesce
The Martyrdom of St Januarius, by Artemisia Gentileschi (1636)
The spire of the Cattedrale di San Gennaro (Naples Cathedral)
Drawing of the reliquary containing the two ampoules said to hold Januarius' blood, c. 1860
Michele Dato, Necklace of St. Januarius, 1679.
Matteo Treglia, Mitre of St. Januarius, 1713.

He and his colleagues were condemned to be thrown to wild bears in the Flavian Amphitheater at Pozzuoli, but the sentence was changed due to fear of public disturbances, and they were instead beheaded at the Solfatara crater near Pozzuoli.

Colosseum

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Oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum.

Oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum.

Colosseum
Sestertius of Titus celebrating the inauguration of the Colosseum (minted 80 AD).
A map of central Rome during the Roman Empire, with the Colosseum at the upper right corner
Cross-section from the Lexikon der gesamten Technik (1904)
Map of medieval Rome depicting the Colosseum
The Colosseum in a 1757 engraving by Giovanni Battista Piranesi
1870 view emphasizing the semi-rural environs of the Colosseum at the time
Allied troops consult a guidebook outside the Colosseum after liberation in 1944
Interior of the Colosseum, Rome (1832) by Thomas Cole, showing the Stations of the Cross around the arena and the extensive vegetation
The exterior of the Colosseum, showing the partially intact outer wall (left) and the mostly intact inner wall (center and right)
Superposed order of the Colosseum
Entrance LII of the Colosseum, with Roman numerals still visible
The raked areas that once held seating
Diagram of the levels of seating
The Colosseum arena, showing the hypogeum now filled with walls. The walls were added early in the Colosseum's existence when it was decided it would no longer be flooded and used for naval battles.
A view of the interior of the Colosseum; clearing showing the hypogeum (Greek for "underground")
Ave Imperator, morituri te salutant (Hail, Cesar, those who will die salute you), by Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1859
Pollice Verso (Thumbs Down) by Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1872
View of the Colosseum in 2021
Colosseum under renovation (2015)
The Christian Martyrs' Last Prayer, by Jean-Léon Gérôme (1883)
View of the interior of the Colosseum, by C. W. Eckersberg (1815)
Cross dedicated to the Christian martyrs, placed in 2000 by Pope John Paul II.
Weed control
The Colosseum in 2021
Colosseum and the Arch of Constantine seen from Palatine
Interior
Interior
Colosseum at night
Seating tiers at the east entrance
Colosseum 2013

In antiquity, Romans may have referred to the Colosseum by the unofficial name Amphitheatrum Caesareum (with Caesareum an adjective pertaining to the title Caesar), but this name may have been strictly poetic as it was not exclusive to the Colosseum; Vespasian and Titus, builders of the Colosseum, also constructed a Flavian Amphitheatre in Puteoli (modern Pozzuoli).

Proculus of Pozzuoli

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Martyred around 305 AD, according to Christian tradition, at the same time as Saint Januarius.

Martyred around 305 AD, according to Christian tradition, at the same time as Saint Januarius.

Sossius was soon discovered to be a Christian by the local authorities and he was condemned by the judge Dragontius, who condemned him to be killed by wild bears in the local amphitheater.

Amedeo Maiuri in Pompei, 1952

Amedeo Maiuri

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Italian archaeologist, famous for his archaeological investigations of the Roman city of Pompeii which was destroyed in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in August of AD 79.

Italian archaeologist, famous for his archaeological investigations of the Roman city of Pompeii which was destroyed in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in August of AD 79.

Amedeo Maiuri in Pompei, 1952
Entrance to the Cave of the Cumaean Sybil rediscovered by Maiuri in 1932.

His book, L'anfiteatro flavio puteolano (1955), is considered to be the definitive monograph on the subject of the Flavian Amphitheatre in Pozzuoli.