Glossary of plant morphology and Related Topics

This cultivar of Japanese maple has a dome-like habit.

Habit (biology)

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In zoology (particularly in ethology), habit usually refers to aspects of more or less predictable behaviour, instinctive or otherwise, though it also has broader application. Habitus refers to the characteristic form or morphology of a species.

In botany, habit is the characteristic form in which a given species of plant grows (see plant habit).

In the bud Tetradenia riparia leaves had their upper surfaces turned toward the stem and the . The lower surface is ("away from the axis"), and the upper surface is adaxial.

Glossary of botanical terms

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List of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to botany and plants in general.

Diagram of a coconut fruit. The (endosperm) is labelled Alb.

Caffeine is an with four nitrogen atoms in its carbon skeleton.

Anatomy of an and bristles on a species of Australian grass

tissue of Nicotiana tabacum growing on a nutrient medium in plant tissue culture

Dormant leaf buds of deciduous trees are commonly protected by imbricate s that are shed when the bud sprouts.

Curcuma pseudomontana with red coma bracts

Pfaffia gnaphalioides flowers with basal coma hairs

Coma atop Muscari armeniacum, bearing sterile flowers

Euphorbia milii is commercially grown for the aesthetic appearance of its brightly colored, -like structures called s, which sit below the.

developing in tissue of carpels where they meet to form locules in the capsule of the ovary of Lilium

(bilateral) leaves of Syzygium gerrardii and Triadica sebifera

The enlarged and smaller of Hibiscus sabdariffa

Shoots from buds on Eucalyptus following a bushfire

Seeds or fruits are dispersed by when they stick to the fur of animals.

The bases of leaves enclose later leaves on the stem.

These apothecia of the lichen Lecanora muralis have raised, rippled rims of tissue similar to the tissue of the main thallus body.

1: Meristem
2: Columella
showing statocytes with statoliths
3: Lateral part of the tip
4: Dead cells
5: Elongation zone

A-Lower epidermis
B-Lower palisade mesophyll
C-Upper epidermis
D-Upper palisade mesophyll
E- Spongy mesophyll
F-Leaf vein

Mycelium of growing on the roots of Picea

Asclepias physocarpa shedding seeds, each with its silky

Flowers in the of Euphorbia platyphyllos open simultaneously, as a

The lobes of a Taraxacum officinale leaf point downward, i.e. toward the stem.

Trametes versicolor, the turkey tail fungus, is a that consumes dead wood in forests. Its common name comes from the conspicuously patterned brackets, but the main body of the saprotroph consists of the largely invisible that penetrates the dead wood and digests it.

under the leaf of the fern Rumohra adiantiformis. Some are still covered by their.

The flowering of this Salvia nemorosa differs from a in that the flowers are practically.

leaves of Salsola australis: stiff, narrowed, and with lobes ending in spiny points

Bird nest fungi, Nidulariaceae, bear spectacular examples of s, with spores that are spread by raindrops.

Manilkara hexandra flowers have both with and s that have no anthers.

leaves are narrow with an elongated, tapering tip, as seen on this species of Aloe.

The large, ,,, mottled leaves of the Gasteria and the small, succulent, leaves of a Crassula species contrast with the , leaves of a Hypoxis species.

(specifically polysulcate) grooves along the stem of Scorzonera cana

ovary in an Aloe species. One flower is sectioned to display the and.

The along the concave curve of the pod of Crotalaria, along which the seeds are attached, is where the single carpel has folded shut.

An undamaged of a Ficus species, plus two more cut open longitudinally to display the fruit within

Leucaena leucocephala exposed in a roadcut

Cross sections of Brazil nut seeds, showing the and

s of Cucurbita pepo, some supporting the stem on the frame, some failing to find a point of attachment

Nerine bowdenii, showing the lack of visible s, and the . The sepals are incorporated into the as s.

raceme of Kniphofia shown together with a cross section of a peduncle. A: Inflorescence; B: Terete ; C: Cross section of a terete peduncle

Gymnosporia buxifolia has true s, that is, modified branches. In some species such branches are complete with buds and leaves.

Sweet potato s exposed, showing them to be root tubers. Morphologically they differ from stem tubers of potatoes, for example, in that root tubers do not have that bear buds. The root tubers of some species of plants, however, can produce buds for vegetative reproduction.

of Crocosmia bear typical s formed of growing from the of the corm. The illustration shows still-living cataphylls as white tissue, whereas the functional, hard, resistant tunic is brown.

(spinning-top shaped) roots of sugar beet

Haworthia lockwoodii, with its leaves and green after seasonal rains, storing water against the coming dry period

in the middle of the cap of Cantharellula umbonata

Thorny of Senegalia mellifera subspecies detinens are.

Mammillaria bocasana has tips on its major.

Pitchers of the species Nepenthes ventricosa tend to be markedly.

A: Phloem
B: Cambium
C: Xylem
D: Fibrous sheath of vascular bundle

Scanning electron micrograph of the carpopodium at the base of the achene-like fruit of Zyzyura mayana, Asteraceae.

The fruit of Poncirus is a typical hesperidium

Terms of plant morphology are included here as well as at the more specific Glossary of plant morphology and Glossary of leaf morphology.

Typical form of a mallee, Eucalyptus stricta

Mallee (habit)

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Scrub/mallee roller being used in South Australian mallee, c.1922

Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber, usually to a height of no more than 10 m. The term is widely used for trees with this growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.