Haiti and Related Topics

Dominican Republic

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Country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region.

St Dominic, the patron saint of astronomers.

National pantheon in Santo Domingo built from 1714 to 1746

Contemporary map showing the border situation on Hispaniola following the Treaty of Aranjuez (1777)

Juan Pablo Duarte, founding father of the Dominican Republic.

Original flag of the Dominican Republic (up to 1849).

Pedro Santana is sworn in as governor-general of the new Spanish province

President Alejandro Woss y Gil taking office in 1903

The United States Marine Corps landing on Dominican soil in 1916

Marines of the 4th regiment with a captured rebel "spray gun" at Santiago

The flag of the United States waving over Ozama Fortress during the U.S. occupation of the Dominican Republic, c. 1922

Dominican Republic president elect Horacio Vasquez meeting with United States officials.

Rafael Trujillo imposed a dictatorship of 31 years in the country (1930–1961)

Destruction of Santo Domingo after the 1930 hurricane

Explosion in Paseo Los Próceres during the Betancourt assassination attempt, June 24, 1960

Juan Bosch, the first democratically elected president after the regime of Rafael Trujillo

A Marine heavy machine gunner monitors activity from a street barricade in Santo Domingo

Joaquín Balaguer, was puppet president during the Trujillo dictatorship (1960-1962), and constitutional president of the country for 22 years (1966-1978 and 1986-1996)

Leonel Fernández was president from 1996–2000 & 2004–2012.

Danilo Medina was president from 2012–2020.

2020 Dominican Republic municipal elections protests in Plaza de La Bandera, Santo Domingo.

Luis Abinader, the current president of the Dominican Republic since 2020.

There are numerous waterfalls across Dominican Republic. In the image the Salto del Limón

Köppen climate types of the Dominican Republic

Dominican soldiers training in Santo Domingo

A proportional representation of Dominican Republic exports, 2019

Historical GDP per capita development in the Dominican Republic and Haiti

View of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic capital city.

A pair of 9000 series are tested on the Santo Domingo Metro.

The Dominican Republic's population (1961–2003)

Dominican Republic people in the town of Moca

The Gothic Cathedral of Santa María la Menor, Santo Domingo, is the oldest cathedral in the Americas, built between 1514 and 1541

Family of Japanese descent in Constanza's neighbourhood of Colonia Japonesa

A satellite image of the border between the denuded landscape of Haiti (left) and the Dominican Republic (right), highlighting the deforestation on the Haitian side

Dominicans and Haitians lined up to attend medical providers from the U.S. Army Reserve

Haitian workers being transported in Punta Cana, the Dominican Republic.

Dominican Day Parade in New York City, 2014

Campesino cibaeño, 1941 (Museo de Arte Moderno, Santo Domingo)

Church and Convent, Colonial Santo Domingo.

Chicharrón mixto, common dish in the country derived from Andalusia in southern Spain.

Merengue and Bachata are both music genres native to Dominican Republic, popular and traditional in Latin America. In the image two icons of these genres Juan Luis Guerra and Romeo Santos

Dominican native, fashion designer and perfume maker Oscar de la Renta

Dominican native and Major League Baseball player David Ortiz

Dominican native and Major League Baseball player Albert Pujols

It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with Haiti, making Hispaniola one of only two Caribbean islands, along with Saint Martin, that is shared by two sovereign states.

Hispaniola

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Island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Antilles.

Early map of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico, c. 1639

French map of Hispaniola by Nicolas de Fer

Ile de la Tortue (Tortuga island) made Hispaniola a center of pirate activity in the 17th century.

Köppen climate types of the Caribbean region

Satellite image depicting the border between Haiti (left) and the Dominican Republic (right)

Geologic map of Hispaniola. Mzb are Mesozoic amphibolites and associated metasedimentary rocks, Ki are Cretaceous plutons, Kv are Cretaceous volcanic rocks, uK are Upper Cretaceous marine strata, Ku are Cretaceous sedimentary and volcanic rocks, K are Cretaceous marine strata, IT are Eocene and/or Paleocene marine strata, uT are Post-Eocene marine strata, T are Tertiary marine strata, V are volcanic rocks, and Q are Quaternary alluvium. The black triangles indicate the Late Eocene Hatillo Thrust fault.

Santiago de los Caballeros in Cibao North

Salto de Jalda in Hato Mayor, Dominican Republic, the tallest waterfall in the Caribbean

Frosted alpine forest in Constanza, Dominican Republic

Tropical rainforest climate in Samana, Dominican Republic

Semi-arid climate in Pedernales, Dominican Republic

Desert sand dunes of Baní, Dominican Republic

Cordillera Central in the Dominican Republic has the highest elevation of the Caribbean

The 76192 km2 island is divided into two separate nations: the Spanish-speaking Dominican Republic (48,445 km2, 18,705 sq mi) to the east and the French / Haitian Creole-speaking Haiti (27,750 km2, 10,710 sq mi) to the west.

Port-au-Prince

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Map of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico, circa 1639.

Colonial mansion in Port-au-Prince, 18th century

The Presidential Palace (National Palace) on 13 January 2010, the day after the 2010 earthquake, showing the extensive damage to the edifice.

City and bay views from the terrace of the Hotel Montana in Pétion-Ville

Port-au-Prince (Pòtoprens, ) is the capital and most populous city of Haiti.

Haitian Revolution

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Haiti at the beginning of the Haitian revolution in 1791.

Jean-Baptiste Belley, as depicted by Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson.

France's Leclerc Expedition to Haiti in 1804

Dessalines valiantly proclaiming Haitian independence.

An 1806 engraving of Jean-Jacques Dessalines. It depicts the general, sword raised in one arm, while the other holds a severed head of a white woman.

The Haitian Revolution (révolution haïtienne ; revolisyon ayisyen) was a successful insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti.

French Colony of Saint-Domingue

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French map of Saint-Domingue French colony in Hispanola island, by Nicolas de Fer

A Saint Dominican servant boy and his mother

Drawing of a slave sale aboard the Marie Séraphique in the waters off Cap‑Français, 1773

Jean-Baptiste Belley, an affranchi who became a rich planter, elected member of the Estates General for Saint-Domingue, and later Deputy of the French National Convention

Slaves cutting a sugar cane field. A black commander speaks with a plantation steward.

A picture showing the distance between Saint Domingue & France.

A Saint Dominican Creole woman smelling a flower.

Slaves having a stick fight. A white engagé (indentured servant) is on the left.

Creole rebel leader, Jean-Baptiste Chavannes

Republican abolitionist and Jacobin Léger-Félicité Sonthonax

The Vicomte de Rochambeau in Saint-Domingue

Atrocities committed by the French expeditionary forces under the Vicomte de Rochambeau

The assassination of Emperor Jean-Jacques Dessalines, 17 October 1806

A Democratic publication of Republicans dancing the "San Domingo" war dance for freed slaves, 1872.

Saint-Domingue was a West Indian French colony from 1659 to 1804 on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, the island on which the countries of the Dominican Republic and Haiti are presently located.

List of communes of Haiti

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The commune is the third-level divisions of Haiti.

The heavily damaged National Palace of Haiti after the earthquake

2010 Haiti earthquake

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Map showing regional tectonic setting of the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault zone

Tiny dots of white against the plant-covered landscape (red in this image) are possible landslides, a common occurrence in mountainous terrain after large earthquakes. The Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault zone runs along the two linear valleys at the top of the image

History of the main shock and aftershocks with magnitudes larger than 4.0, data from USGS

Large portions of the National Palace collapsed

Léogâne, close to the earthquake epicenter

Assistance camp set up by the Brazilian Army.

Urban Search and Rescue specialists work at the Hôtel Montana

The Haitian government began a programme to move homeless people out of Port-au-Prince on a ferry to Port Jeremie and in hired buses to temporary camps

One of the first parachute air drops after the quake, 18 January

A Haitian boy receives treatment at a MINUSTAH logistics base

Israeli and U.S. medical personnel coordinate relief efforts.

Heavy-lift helicopters ferry water from the offshore flotilla, 15 January

Having lost their homes, many Haitians moved to live in precarious camps

Haitian survivors were transferred to rescue ships for medical aid

MINUSTAH troops meet a U.S. relief flight on 16 January

UN forces took to patrolling the streets of Port-au-Prince

A USAF pararescueman searching through demolished buildings in Port-au-Prince for survivors

Helicopters transfer injured earthquake victims to hospital ship USNS Comfort off the coast of Haiti

While international efforts received significant media coverage, much of the local rescue effort was conducted by Haitians

A woman is rescued alive from rubble several days after the initial quake

A Haitian child is treated aboard a hospital ship

Landing ships move supplies onshore from the rescue fleet

Haitians await the opening of a supply depot, 16 January

Planes loaded with aid supplies crowd the tarmac at Port-au-Prince airport, waiting to be unloaded, 18 January

The UN Development Programme employed hundreds of Haitians to clear roads and to make fuel pellets in a cash-for-work scheme

South Korea's National Rescue Services team

A US mobile air traffic control tower is moved to Haiti by an Antonov An-124 Ruslan

Remnants of the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption after its collapse. In 2020, the building is still in ruins.

A catastrophic magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake struck Haiti at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC) on Tuesday, 12 January 2010.

Cuba

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Island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos.

Monument of Hatuey, an early Taíno chief of Cuba

Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, conquistador of Cuba

Map of Cuba by Cornelius Wytfliet in 1597 (National Library of Sweden)

A painting of the British capture of Havana in 1762

Slaves in Cuba unloading ice from Maine, c. 1832

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes is known as Father of the Homeland in Cuba, having declared the nation's independence from Spain in 1868.

Calixto García, a general of Cuban separatist rebels (right) with U.S. Brigadier General William Ludlow (Cuba, 1898)

Cuban victims of Spanish reconcentration policies

Raising the Cuban flag on the Governor General's Palace at noon on 20 May 1902

The Pentarchy of 1933. Fulgencio Batista, who controlled the armed forces, appears at far right

Slum (bohio) dwellings in Havana, Cuba in 1954, just outside Havana baseball stadium. In the background is advertising for a nearby casino.

Che Guevara and Fidel Castro, photographed by Alberto Korda in 1961

Since 1959, Cuba has regarded the U.S. presence in Guantánamo Bay as illegal.

Fidel Castro and members of the East German Politburo in 1972

Raúl Castro and U.S. President Barack Obama at their joint press conference in Havana, Cuba, 21 March 2016

Propaganda sign in front of the United States Interests Section in Havana

Raúl Castro with Mongolian President Elbegdorj during the Moscow Victory Day Parade, 9 May 2015

Ladies in White demonstration in Havana (April 2012)

Cuban dissidents Antonio Rodiles, Antúnez and Orlando Gutierrez-Boronat in 2017

A proportional representation of Cuba, 2019

Cubans are now permitted to own small businesses in certain sectors.

The Cuban trogon is the island's national bird. Its white, red and blue feathers match those of the Cuban flag.

Mixed heritage is common in Cuba, shown in this 1919 photograph of the Barrientos family, headed by a former Spanish soldier and an indigenous woman from Baracoa, Cuba.

North Hudson, New Jersey, is home to a large Cuban American population.

Users of a public WiFi hotspot in Havana, Cuba

A local musical house, Casa de la Trova in Santiago de Cuba

A traditional meal of ropa vieja (shredded flank steak in a tomato sauce base), black beans, yellow rice, plantains and fried yuca with beer

Cuba is located at the east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of both the American state of Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola (Haiti/Dominican Republic), and north of both Jamaica and the Cayman Islands.

Caribbean

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Region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean) and the surrounding coasts.

Map of Caribbean region, including dependencies

A Cuban PT-76 tank crew performing routine security duties in Angola during the Cuban intervention into the country

Tropical monsoon climate in San Andrés island, Caribbean, Colombia.

Köppen climate map of the islands of the Caribbean.

A field in Pinar del Rio planted with Cuban tobacco

Puerto Rico's south shore, from the mountains of Jayuya

A church cemetery perched in the mountains of Guadeloupe

A view of Nevis island from the southeastern peninsula of Saint Kitts

Spanish Caribbean Islands in the American Viceroyalties 1600

Political evolution of Central America and the Caribbean from 1700 to present

The mostly Spanish-controlled Caribbean in the 16th century

Cayo de Agua, Los Roques Archipelago, Venezuela

Palancar Beach in Cozumel Island, Mexico

Agostino Brunias. Free Women of Color with Their Children and Servants in a Landscape Brooklyn Museum

Asian Indians in the late nineteenth century singing and dancing in Trinidad and Tobago

Havana Cathedral (Catholic) in Cuba completed in 1777

Holy Trinity Cathedral, an Anglican Christian cathedral in Trinidad and Tobago

Temple in the Sea, a Hindu mandir in Trinidad and Tobago

Muhammad Ali Jinnah Memorial Masjid, a Muslim masjid in Trinidad and Tobago

Flag of the Caribbean Common Market and Community (CARICOM)

Doubles, one of the national dishes of Trinidad and Tobago

Arroz con gandules, one of the national dishes of Puerto Rico

thumb|Counter-attack by Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces supported by T-34 tanks near Playa Giron during the Bay of Pigs Invasion, 19 April 1961.

thumb|A Marine heavy machine gunner monitors a position along the international neutral corridor in Santo Domingo, 1965.

thumb|A Soviet-made BTR-60 armored personnel carrier seized by US forces during Operation Urgent Fury (1983)

thumb|US Army Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk, Bell AH-1 Cobra and Bell OH-58 Kiowa helicopters on deck of the US Navy aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN-69) off Haiti, 1994.

Epiphytes (bromeliads, climbing palms) in the rainforest of Dominica.

A green and black poison frog, Dendrobates auratus

Costus speciosus, a marsh plant, Guadeloupe.

An Atlantic ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) in Martinique.

Crescentia cujete, or calabash fruit, Martinique.

Thalassoma bifasciatum (bluehead wrasse fish), over Bispira brunnea (social feather duster worms).

Two Stenopus hispidus (banded cleaner shrimp) on a Xestospongia muta (giant barrel sponge).

A pair of Cyphoma signatum (fingerprint cowry), off coastal Haiti.

The Martinique amazon, Amazona martinicana, is an extinct species of parrot in the family Psittacidae.

Anastrepha suspensa, a Caribbean fruit fly.

Hemidactylus mabouia, a tropical gecko, in Dominica Edited by: Taniya Brooks.

Precolombian languages of the Antilles.Ciboney Taíno, Classic Taíno, and Iñeri were Arawakan, Karina and Yao were Cariban. Macorix, Ciguayo and Guanahatabey are unclassified.

The Battle of the Saintes between British and French fleets in 1782, by Nicholas Pocock

The mostly Spanish-controlled Caribbean in the 18th century

Haiti was the first Caribbean nation to gain independence from European powers (see Haitian Revolution).

Jamaica

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Island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.

Henry Morgan was a famous Caribbean pirate, privateer, plantation owner and slaveholder; he had first come to the West Indies as an indentured servant, like most of the early English colonists.

A plantation set alight during the Baptist War of 1831–32

Marcus Garvey, father of the Back to Africa Movement and Jamaica's first National Hero

Michael Manley, Prime Minister 1972–1980 and 1989–1992

Jamaican soldiers training to fire the L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle in 2002

Köppen climate classification of Jamaica.

Jamaica's national bird, a red-billed streamertail

Montego Bay, Jamaica's second-largest city

Northern suburbs of Kingston, Jamaica's capital and largest city

Mandeville Church (est. 1816), an Anglican church in Manchester Parish. Christianity is the largest religion in Jamaica.

A historic Ashura celebration in Jamaica, which is known locally as Hussay or Hosay

Bob Marley, one of the most famous reggae artists from Jamaica

Jamaica motto on a building at Papine High School in Kingston, Jamaica

Usain Bolt is one of the most prominent sprinters in the world.

A beach in Negril with a hotel and restaurant

A proportional representation of Jamaica exports, 2019

Real GDP per capita development since 1820

A US Airways aircraft landing at Montego Bay (2013)

Jamaica electricity production by source

Jamaica renewable electricity production by source

Jamaica lies about 145 km south of Cuba, and 191 km west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic); the British Overseas Territory of the Cayman Islands lies some 215 km to the north-west.

A report on Haiti

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