A report on Harbor

New York Harbor and the Hudson River in the foreground; the East River in the background.
Capri harbor, Italy seen from Anacapri.
Koyilandy Harbour, Kerala, India
Tanjung Perak is a famous example of a natural harbor in Indonesia. The harbor location in Madura Strait.
The tiny harbor at the village of Clovelly, Devon, England
Old Harbor in Lüneburg, Germany.
The harbor of Piraeus in Greece.
Port Jackson, Sydney.
The harbor of Gorey, Jersey falls dry at low tide.
Punta del Este's harbor – nicknamed the Monte Carlo of South America
The harbor in Aberystwyth, painted c. undefined 1850
Port of Szczecin, Poland
Valparaiso, Chile.

Sheltered body of water where ships, boats, and barges can be docked.

- Harbor
New York Harbor and the Hudson River in the foreground; the East River in the background.

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The Alamitos Bay, California, entrance channel. Breakwaters create safer harbours, but can also trap sediment moving along the coast.

Breakwater (structure)

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Permanent structure constructed at a coastal area to protect against tides, currents, waves, and storm surges.

Permanent structure constructed at a coastal area to protect against tides, currents, waves, and storm surges.

The Alamitos Bay, California, entrance channel. Breakwaters create safer harbours, but can also trap sediment moving along the coast.
Breakwater under construction in Ystad, Sweden (2019)
A breakwater in Haukilahti, Espoo, Finland
Barra da Tijuca - Rio de Janeiro
Breakwater in Trzęsacz, Poland
Similar wave motion along a seawall at the Visby breakwater in Sweden
Three of the four breakwaters forming Portland Harbour, UK
The eight offshore breakwaters at Elmer, UK

Natural harbours are formed by such barriers as headlands or reefs.

The Aubach (Wiehl) in Germany (Watercourse)

Body of water

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Any significant accumulation of water on the surface of Earth or another planet.

Any significant accumulation of water on the surface of Earth or another planet.

The Aubach (Wiehl) in Germany (Watercourse)
A fjord (Lysefjord) in Norway
River Gambia, Niokolokoba National Park
Port Jackson, Sydney, New South Wales
The Canal Grande in Venice, one of the major water-traffic corridors in the city. View from the Accademia bridge.
A tide pool in Santa Cruz, California with sea anemones and sea stars
A weir in Toledo, Spain. Weirs are frequently used to change the height of a riverlevel, prevent floodings, and measure water discharge.

Similarly, most harbors are naturally occurring bays, but some harbors have been created through construction.

A grab dredge

Dredging

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Excavation of material from a water environment.

Excavation of material from a water environment.

A grab dredge
Reconstruction of the mud-drag by Leonardo da Vinci (Manuscript E, folio 75 v.)
Reconstruction of the mud-drag
The dredge drag head of a suction dredge barge on the Vistula River in Warsaw, Poland
The Geopotes 14 lifting its boom on a canal in The Netherlands. (gēopotēs is Greek for "that which drinks earth")
Bucket dredging
Old Dutch bucket dredging vessel Hollandsch Diep 4
Steam dredger Bertha, built 1844, on a demonstration run in 1982
Dredge haul including live clams and empty shells
Mallard II near the Dumbarton Bridge in 2021
French hopper dredger Daniel Laval at work on the Seine estuary (2018)
Grab (clamshell) dredge Njord of the Manson Construction Co. fleet in the Port of Oakland, California
The excavator of a Yukon dredge.
April Hamer at Lakes Entrance, Victoria Australia
The Orisant a trailing suction dredger in the port of IJmuiden, Netherlands
Grab dredging in Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong
Alexander von Humboldt of the Jan De Nul fleet
Sand mining
HR Morris of the Manson Construction Co. fleet, a Cutter Suction Pipeline Dredge, working on Mission Bay, San Diego, California
Dredge ship with barges on Neva bay in Saint Petersburg, Russia
Top view of a suction dredger on the Nandu River, Hainan, China
Cutterhead of dredge Bill Holman, Louisville, Kentucky, USA, Ohio River mile 607, July 2002
Xcentric Ripper XR120 is a large jackup leg backhoe dredger

Capital dredging: dredging carried out to create a new harbour, berth or waterway, or to deepen existing facilities in order to allow larger ships access. Because capital works usually involve hard material or high-volume works, the work is usually done using a cutter suction dredge or large trailing suction hopper dredge; but for rock works, drilling and blasting along with mechanical excavation may be used.

Aerial view of lower Cork Harbour from Crosshaven (south/foreground) to Great Island

Cork Harbour

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Aerial view of lower Cork Harbour from Crosshaven (south/foreground) to Great Island
Aerial view of lower Cork Harbour from Crosshaven (south/foreground) to Great Island
Aerial view of lower Cork Harbour from Crosshaven (south/foreground) to Great Island
Detail of 1780s map showing lower harbour islands (Spike, Haulbowline) and defensive structures (at Cove Fort, Fort Carlisle, Spike, Rams Head, and Roches Tower)
Plan of lower harbour showing location to main military installations: (A) Haulbowline Naval Base, (B) Fort Mitchel/Westmoreland, (C) Fort Meagher/Camden, (D) Fort Davis/Carlisle, (E) Fort Templebreedy
The fortifications of Camden Fort Meagher overlook the entrance to Cork Harbour.
A six-inch coastal defence gun on Spike Island protecting the mouth of the harbour.
Map of Cork Harbour, ca. 1702
The Swansea – Cork ferry docks at Ringaskiddy.

Cork Harbour is a natural harbour and river estuary at the mouth of the River Lee in County Cork, Ireland.

Grand Harbour

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View of the Grand Harbour looking towards the sea
View of the Grand Harbour looking towards Marsa
The Grand Harbour in 1750
New dock built in 1867
HMS Rodney in the harbour during the Allied invasion of Sicily.
NATO warships in the harbour during 1967.
View of the Grand Harbour in the 18th century
Aerial view of the Grand Harbour in 2006
Ricasoli Breakwater
Fort Ricasoli
Bighi
Kalkara Creek
Fort Saint Angelo
The Spur
French Creek
Dock No. 4
Dock No. 6 (China Dock)
Shipwrights Wharf
Bridge Wharf and Marsa Power Station
Braken Wharf
Xatt Lascaris
Fort Saint Elmo
St. Elmo Bridge
Valletta Breakwater

The Grand Harbour (il-Port il-Kbir; Porto Grande), also known as the Port of Valletta, is a natural harbour on the island of Malta.

Main parts of ship. 1: Funnel; 2: Stern; 3: Propeller and Rudder; 4: Portside (the right side is known as starboard); 5: Anchor; 6: Bulbous bow; 7: Bow; 8: Deck; 9: Superstructure

Ship

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Large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing.

Large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing.

Main parts of ship. 1: Funnel; 2: Stern; 3: Propeller and Rudder; 4: Portside (the right side is known as starboard); 5: Anchor; 6: Bulbous bow; 7: Bow; 8: Deck; 9: Superstructure
Fijian voyaging outrigger boat with a crab claw sail
One of the sailing trimarans depicted in Borobudur temple, c. 8th century AD in Java, Indonesia
Egyptian sailing ship, c. 1422–1411 BC
A Roman ship carved on the face of the "Ship Sarcophagus", c. 2nd century AD
A Japanese atakebune from the 16th century
Replica of Magellan's Victoria. Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition that circumnavigated the globe in 1519–1522.
Painting of the Battle of Trafalgar by Auguste Mayer.
Italian full-rigged ship Amerigo Vespucci in New York Harbor
RMS Titanic departs from Southampton. Her sinking led to tighter safety regulations
Colombo Express, one of the largest container ships in the world, owned and operated by Hapag-Lloyd of Germany
Ship carrying containers in Gadiara (West Bengal, India)
Passenger ship of Köln-Düsseldorfer on the river Rhine
Hurma, Hans and Voima at the Lake Saimaa in the harbour of Imatra, Finland, at a heritage ship meeting in 2009
Two modern container ships in San Francisco
Albatun Dos, a tuna boat at work near Victoria, Seychelles
The weather ship MS Polarfront at sea.
American aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman and a replenishment ship
A ship's hull endures harsh conditions at sea, as illustrated by this reefer ship in bad weather.
A ship's engine room
The rudder and propeller on a newly built ferry
Aerial view of the, showing a 39° wake, characteristic of vessels passing through water.
Vessels move along the three axes: 1. heave, 2. sway, 3. surge, 4. yaw, 5. pitch, 6. roll
Lines plan for the hull of a basic cargo ship
MS Freedom of the Seas under construction in a shipyard in Turku.
A ship launching at the Northern Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland
Able seaman using a needlegun scaler on a mooring winch.
Workers drag steel plate ashore from beached ships in Chittagong, Bangladesh
The tanker Exxon Valdez spilled 10800000 USgal of oil into Alaska's Prince William Sound.
A cargo ship pumps ballast water over the side
Exhaust stack on a container ship.
Ship breaking near Chittagong, Bangladesh

Harbour work craft

View of Marsamxett from Sliema

Marsamxett Harbour

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View of Marsamxett from Sliema
Map of Marsamxett
Marsamxett Harbour in the 19th century from a painting by Girolamo Gianni
Marsamxett seen from Valletta in 1942
Royal Navy submarines at Manoel Island in World War II
Fort Tigné Sliema
Tigné Point Sliema
Sliema Creek Sliema
Sliema Harbour Sliema
Manoel Island Gżira
Manoel Island Yacht Yard Gżira
Fort Manoel Gżira
Lazzaretto Gżira
Manoel Island Yacht Marina Gżira
Lazzaretto Creek Gżira and Ta' Xbiex
Ta' Xbiex
Ta' Xbiex Breakwater Ta' Xbiex
Msida Marina Ta' Xbiex and Msida
Msida
Saint Luke's Hospital Pietà
Pietà Creek Pietà
Floriana Lines Floriana
Hay Wharf Floriana
Valletta
Fort Saint Elmo Valletta

Marsamxett Harbour, historically also referred to as Marsamuscetto, is a natural harbour on the island of Malta.

The Poole Logboat was excavated from Poole Harbour and is over 2,000 years old. It is on display in Poole Museum.

Poole Harbour

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The Poole Logboat was excavated from Poole Harbour and is over 2,000 years old. It is on display in Poole Museum.
Map of Poole Harbour
View across the harbour looking west from Lilliput, Poole
Green Island, one of the islands within Poole Harbour
A quiet corner of the harbour, looking south from Brownsea Island
Condor Ferries car ferry passes through the harbour
B class Atlantic 85 lifeboat of the RNLI, stationed in Poole Harbour
Looking south-west from Brownsea Island – Furzey Island is centre, with Green Island directly behind, to the left. Round Island can also be seen to the right of the picture with the Arne Peninsula behind it.
A wakeboarder riding down the Wareham channel

Poole Harbour is a large natural harbour in Dorset, southern England, with the town of Poole on its shores.

Pago Pago Harbor is capable of accommodating the largest cruise ships.

Pago Pago Harbor

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Pago Pago Harbor is capable of accommodating the largest cruise ships.
A portion of the docks at Fagatogo in Pago Pago Harbor. In the background is Rainmaker Mountain.

Pago Pago Harbor on Tutuila Island in American Samoa is one of the world's largest natural harbors.

Coastal lagoons fronted by barrier spits typically have entrances that migrate over time. Here, the entrance has been fixed by jetty construction. Carlsbad, California, April 1998.

Jetty

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Structure that projects from land out into water.

Structure that projects from land out into water.

Coastal lagoons fronted by barrier spits typically have entrances that migrate over time. Here, the entrance has been fixed by jetty construction. Carlsbad, California, April 1998.
Aerial view of a jetty at Swakopmund, Namibia (2017)
North Jetty on the left and South Jetty on the right at the mouth of Sebastian Inlet in Florida from the Indian River to the Atlantic Ocean.
Aerial view of jetties, constructed of dolosse, at Humboldt Bay harbor entrance. These jetties mitigate unpredictable shifting sands.
Private jetties near the mouth of the Nambucca River, New South Wales, Australia

It is protected to some extent by the solid portion of the jetties from the inroad of sand from the adjacent beach, and from the levelling action of the waves; while the upper open portion serves to indicate the channel and to guide the vessels, if necessary (see harbor).