A report on Hoarse voice and Muscle tension dysphonia

The vocal folds (or vocal cords) in the larynx vibrate to produce sound. When this process is disturbed hoarseness may ensue.
The vocal folds (or vocal cords) in the larynx vibrate to produce sound. When this process is disturbed hoarseness may ensue.

Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) was originally coined in 1983 by Morrison and describes a dysphonia caused by increased muscle tension of the muscles surrounding the voice box: the laryngeal and paralaryngeal muscles.

- Muscle tension dysphonia

For example, Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD) has been found to be a result of many different causes including the following: MTD in the presence of an organic pathology (i.e. organic type), MTD stemming from vocal use (i.e. functional type), and MTD as a result of personality and/or psychological factors (i.e. psychogenic type).

- Hoarse voice
The vocal folds (or vocal cords) in the larynx vibrate to produce sound. When this process is disturbed hoarseness may ensue.

1 related topic with Alpha

Overall
Sagittal illustration of the anterior portion of the human head and neck. In LPR, the pharynx (1), oropharynx (2) and larynx (3) are exposed to gastric contents that flow upward through the esophagus (4).

Laryngopharyngeal reflux

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Retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx and/or the nasopharynx.

Retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx and/or the nasopharynx.

Sagittal illustration of the anterior portion of the human head and neck. In LPR, the pharynx (1), oropharynx (2) and larynx (3) are exposed to gastric contents that flow upward through the esophagus (4).
Illustration of the superior view of the larynx. Tissues lining laryngeal structures, including the vocal folds, may be damaged in LPR.

LPR causes respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheezing and is often associated with head and neck complaints such as dysphonia, globus pharyngis, and dysphagia.

This hyper-functional technique adopted in response to the inflammation caused by LPR can lead to a condition called muscle tension dysphonia and may persist even after the hoarseness and inflammation has disappeared.