A report on Hoarse voice and Spasmodic dysphonia

The vocal folds (or vocal cords) in the larynx vibrate to produce sound. When this process is disturbed hoarseness may ensue.
Normal functioning vocal folds
The vocal folds (or vocal cords) in the larynx vibrate to produce sound. When this process is disturbed hoarseness may ensue.

Gradual onset can begin with the manifestation of a hoarse voice quality, which may later transform into a voice quality described as strained with breaks in phonation.

- Spasmodic dysphonia

An effective treatment for spasmodic dysphonia (hoarseness resulting from periodic breaks in phonation due to hyperadduction of the vocal folds) is botulinum toxin injection.

- Hoarse voice
The vocal folds (or vocal cords) in the larynx vibrate to produce sound. When this process is disturbed hoarseness may ensue.

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