Hydroxyapatite
Naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH), but it is usually written Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 to denote that the crystal unit cell comprises two entities.
- Hydroxyapatite174 related topics
Tooth enamel
One of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many other animals, including some species of fish.
The primary mineral is hydroxyapatite, which is a crystalline calcium phosphate.
Dentin
Calcified tissue of the body and, along with enamel, cementum, and pulp, is one of the four major components of teeth.
By volume, 45% of dentin consists of the mineral hydroxyapatite, 33% is organic material, and 22% is water.
Apatite
Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals, usually hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite and chlorapatite, with high concentrations of OH−, F− and Cl− ions, respectively, in the crystal.
Fluorapatite
Phosphate mineral with the formula Ca53F (calcium fluorophosphate).
Along with hydroxylapatite, it can be a component of tooth enamel, but for industrial use both minerals are mined in the form of phosphate rock, whose usual mineral composition is primarily fluorapatite but often with significant amounts of the other.
Bone
For other uses, see Bone (disambiguation) or Bones (disambiguation).
The matrix is hardened by the binding of inorganic mineral salt, calcium phosphate, in a chemical arrangement known as bone mineral, a form of calcium hydroxylapatite.
Mineral
In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid chemical compound with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.
Moreover, living beings often synthesize inorganic minerals (such as hydroxylapatite) that also occur in rocks.
Human skeleton
Internal framework of the human body.
However, bones are not entirely made of calcium, but a mixture of chondroitin sulfate and hydroxyapatite, the latter making up 70% of a bone.
Phosphate
Anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid.
These structures are made of crystalline calcium phosphate in the form of hydroxyapatite.
Dental fluorosis
Common disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation.
Hydroxyapatite is converted to fluoroapatite in a three step process.
Tooth decay
Breakdown of teeth due to acids produced by bacteria.
These minerals, especially hydroxyapatite, will become soluble when exposed to acidic environments.