A report on IBM PC compatible and Industry Standard Architecture
The bus was (largely) backward compatible with the 8-bit bus of the 8088-based IBM PC, including the IBM PC/XT as well as IBM PC compatibles.
- Industry Standard ArchitectureIt was later re-named the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, after the Extended Industry Standard Architecture bus open standard for IBM PC compatibles was announced in September 1988 by a consortium of PC clone vendors, led by Compaq and called the Gang of Nine, as an alternative to IBM's proprietary Micro Channel architecture (MCA) introduced in its PS/2 series.
- IBM PC compatible7 related topics with Alpha
Extended Industry Standard Architecture
3 links
The Extended Industry Standard Architecture (in practice almost always shortened to EISA and frequently pronounced "eee-suh") is a bus standard for IBM PC compatible computers.
In comparison with the AT bus, which the Gang of Nine retroactively renamed to the ISA bus to avoid infringing IBM's trademark on its PC/AT computer, EISA is extended to 32 bits and allows more than one CPU to share the bus.
Compaq
3 linksAmerican information technology company founded in 1982 that developed, sold, and supported computers and related products and services.
American information technology company founded in 1982 that developed, sold, and supported computers and related products and services.
Compaq produced some of the first IBM PC compatible computers, being the second company after Columbia Data Products to legally reverse engineer the IBM Personal Computer.
Although Compaq had become successful by being 100 percent IBM-compatible, it decided to continue with the original AT bus—which it renamed ISA—instead of licensing IBM's MCA.
Micro Channel architecture
3 linksProprietary 16- or 32-bit parallel computer bus introduced by IBM in 1987 which was used on PS/2 and other computers until the mid-1990s.
Proprietary 16- or 32-bit parallel computer bus introduced by IBM in 1987 which was used on PS/2 and other computers until the mid-1990s.
In IBM products, it superseded the ISA bus and was itself subsequently superseded by the PCI bus architecture.
The PC clone market did not want to pay royalties to IBM in order to use this new technology, and stayed largely with the 16-bit AT bus, (embraced and renamed as ISA to avoid IBM's "AT" trademark) and manual configuration, although the VESA Local Bus (VLB) was briefly popular for Intel '486 machines.
Peripheral Component Interconnect
2 linksLocal computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer and is part of the PCI Local Bus standard.
Local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer and is part of the PCI Local Bus standard.
The PCI Local Bus was first implemented in IBM PC compatibles, where it displaced the combination of several slow Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) slots and one fast VESA Local Bus (VLB) slot as the bus configuration.
IBM Personal Computer
1 links
The IBM Personal Computer (model 5150, commonly known as the IBM PC) is the first microcomputer released in the IBM PC model line and the basis for the IBM PC compatible de facto standard.
IBM referred to these as "I/O slots," but after the expansion of the PC clone industry they became retroactively known as the ISA bus.
IBM Personal Computer/AT
1 linksReleased in 1984 as the fourth model in the IBM Personal Computer line, following the IBM PC/XT and its IBM Portable PC variant.
Released in 1984 as the fourth model in the IBM Personal Computer line, following the IBM PC/XT and its IBM Portable PC variant.
The AT is IBM PC compatible, with the most significant difference being a move to the 80286 processor from the 8088 processor of prior models.
The AT bus became the de facto "ISA" (Industry Standard Architecture), while PC XT slots were retroactively named "8-bit ISA".
BIOS
1 linksFirmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup).
Firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup).
The BIOS firmware comes pre-installed on an IBM PC or IBM PC compatible's system board and exists in UEFI-based systems too.
Once the system is booted, hardware monitoring and computer fan control is normally done directly by the Hardware Monitor chip itself, which can be a separate chip, interfaced through I2C or SMBus, or come as a part of a Super I/O solution, interfaced through Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) or Low Pin Count (LPC).