IBM System/390

Front cover of the IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server Generation 5
Front cover of the IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server Generation 5
IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server Gen4

Discontinued fifth generation of the System/360 instruction set architecture.

- IBM System/390
Front cover of the IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server Generation 5

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IBM System/370

Model range of IBM mainframe computers announced on June 30, 1970 as the successors to the System/360 family.

Model range of IBM mainframe computers announced on June 30, 1970 as the successors to the System/360 family.

System/370-145 3D Rendering
3D Rendering of computer center with IBM System/370-145 and IBM 2401 tape drives
System/370-145 3D Rendering
System/370-145 system console.

In September 1990, the System/370 line was replaced with the System/390.

The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computer of all time.

32-bit computing

32-bit microcomputers are microcomputers that use 32-bit microprocessors.

32-bit microcomputers are microcomputers that use 32-bit microprocessors.

The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computer of all time.

Prominent 32-bit instruction set architectures used in general-purpose computing include the IBM System/360 and IBM System/370 (which had 24-bit addressing) and the System/370-XA, ESA/370, and ESA/390 (which had 31-bit addressing), the DEC VAX, the NS320xx, the Motorola 68000 family (the first two models of which had 24-bit addressing), the Intel IA-32 32-bit version of the x86 architecture, and the 32-bit versions of the ARM, SPARC, MIPS, PowerPC and PA-RISC architectures.

IBM System/360 Model 30 central processor unit (CPU)

IBM System/360

Family of mainframe computer systems that was announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978.

Family of mainframe computer systems that was announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978.

IBM System/360 Model 30 central processor unit (CPU)
IBM System/360 Model 30 central processor unit (CPU)
IBM System/360 Model 20 CPU with front panels removed, with IBM 2560 MFCM (Multi-Function Card Machine)
IBM System/360 Model 30 CPU (red, middle of picture), tape drives to its left, and disk drives to its right, at the Computer History Museum
IBM System/360 Model 50 CPU, computer operator's console, and peripherals at Volkswagen
System/360 Model 65 operator's console, with register value lamps and toggle switches (middle of picture) and "emergency pull" switch (upper right)
IBM System/360 Model 91 operator's console at NASA, sometime in the late 1960s.
Magnetic-core memory, probably from a 360
IBM System/360 Model 40 microcode transformer read-only storage (TROS)
Cable used as Bus or Tag cable for IBM System/360
Bus and tag terminators
A single-width SLT card
Many SLT cards plugged into an SLT board
IBM 2311 disk drive
IBM 2314 disk drives and IBM 2540 card reader/punch at the University of Michigan
IBM 2401 tape drives
IBM 1403 line printer
Model 30
Model 40
Model 44
Model 50
Model 65
Model 67
Model 85
Model 91

(The idea of a major breakthrough with FS technology was dropped in the mid-1970s for cost-effectiveness and continuity reasons.) Later compatible IBM systems include the 4300 family, the 308x family, the 3090, the ES/9000 and 9672 families (System/390 family), and the IBM Z series.

IBM 704 mainframe at NACA in 1957

IBM mainframe

IBM mainframes are large computer systems produced by IBM since 1952.

IBM mainframes are large computer systems produced by IBM since 1952.

IBM 704 mainframe at NACA in 1957
IBM 1401 undergoing restoration at the Computer History Museum
IBM System/360 Model 50
IBM System z800

The System/360 later evolved into the System/370, the System/390, and the 64-bit zSeries, System z, and zEnterprise machines.

MVS

MVS running on the Hercules emulator

Multiple Virtual Storage, more commonly called MVS, was the most commonly used operating system on the System/370 and System/390 IBM mainframe computers.

Front cover of the IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server Generation 5

Z/Architecture

Front cover of the IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server Generation 5

z/Architecture, initially and briefly called ESA Modal Extensions (ESAME), is IBM's 64-bit complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architecture, implemented by its mainframe computers.

Teddy bear – VM's mascot since 1983.

VM (operating system)

Teddy bear – VM's mascot since 1983.
The default login screen on VM/370 Release 6.
CMS starting up after the user MAINT (system administrator) has logged in.
The CMS editor on VM/370, editing a COBOL program source file.
Invoking the System/360 COBOL compiler on VM/370 CMS, then loading and running the program.
An example of a non-CMS guest operating system running under VM/370: DOS/VS Release 34. The DOS/VS system is now prompting the operator to enter a supervisor name to continue loading.
OS/VS1 starting under VM/370.
Using DASD Dump/Restore (DDR) to back up a VM/370 system.

VM (often: VM/CMS) is a family of IBM virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes System/370, System/390, zSeries, System z and compatible systems, including the Hercules emulator for personal computers.

IBM 3090

IBM 3090

Family of mainframe computers that was a high-end successor to the IBM System/370 series, and thus indirectly the successor to the IBM System/360 launched 25 years earlier.

Family of mainframe computers that was a high-end successor to the IBM System/370 series, and thus indirectly the successor to the IBM System/360 launched 25 years earlier.

IBM 3090
IBM 3090
UK's A3090 (highway) leads to an access road for IBM's Hursley laboratory

The eight largest of the 18 models of the ES/9000 systems introduced in 1990 were water-cooled; the other ten were air-cooled.

Block diagram of a basic computer with uniprocessor CPU. Black lines indicate data flow, whereas red lines indicate control flow. Arrows indicate the direction of flow.

64-bit computing

In computer architecture, 64-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 64 bits wide.

In computer architecture, 64-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 64 bits wide.

Block diagram of a basic computer with uniprocessor CPU. Black lines indicate data flow, whereas red lines indicate control flow. Arrows indicate the direction of flow.

2000: IBM ships its first 64-bit z/Architecture mainframe, the zSeries z900. z/Architecture is a 64-bit version of the 32-bit ESA/390 architecture, a descendant of the 32-bit System/360 architecture.

Type-1 and type-2 hypervisors

Hypervisor

Computer software, firmware or hardware that allows partitioning the resource of a CPU among multiple operating systems or independent programs.

Computer software, firmware or hardware that allows partitioning the resource of a CPU among multiple operating systems or independent programs.

Type-1 and type-2 hypervisors

IBM provides virtualization partition technology known as logical partitioning (LPAR) on System/390, zSeries, pSeries and IBM AS/400 systems.