A report on Industry Standard Architecture
16-bit internal bus of IBM PC/AT and similar computers based on the Intel 80286 and its immediate successors during the 1980s.
- Industry Standard Architecture30 related topics with Alpha
Direct memory access
5 linksFeature of computer systems and allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU).
Feature of computer systems and allows certain hardware subsystems to access main system memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU).
With the IBM PC/AT, the enhanced AT Bus (more familiarly retronymed as the ISA, or "Industry Standard Architecture") added a second 8237 DMA controller to provide three additional, and as highlighted by resource clashes with the XT's additional expandability over the original PC, much-needed channels (5–7; channel 4 is used as a cascade to the first 8237).
Super I/O
3 linksClass of I/O controller integrated circuits that began to be used on personal computer motherboards in the late 1980s, originally as add-in cards, later embedded on the motherboards.
Class of I/O controller integrated circuits that began to be used on personal computer motherboards in the late 1980s, originally as add-in cards, later embedded on the motherboards.
The original super I/O chips communicated with the central processing unit via the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus.
Low Pin Count
4 linksComputer bus used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the BIOS ROM (BIOS ROM was moved to the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus in 2006 ), "legacy" I/O devices (integrated into Super I/O, Embedded Controller or IPMI chip), and Trusted Platform Module (TPM).
Computer bus used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the BIOS ROM (BIOS ROM was moved to the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus in 2006 ), "legacy" I/O devices (integrated into Super I/O, Embedded Controller or IPMI chip), and Trusted Platform Module (TPM).
The LPC bus was introduced by Intel in 1998 as a software-compatible substitute for the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus.
Plug and play
3 linksOne with a specification that facilitates the discovery of a hardware component in a system without the need for physical device configuration or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts.
One with a specification that facilitates the discovery of a hardware component in a system without the need for physical device configuration or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts.
Initially all expansion cards for the IBM PC required physical selection of I/O configuration on the board with jumper straps or DIP switches, but increasingly ISA bus devices were arranged for software configuration.
BIOS
4 linksFirmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup).
Firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup).
Once the system is booted, hardware monitoring and computer fan control is normally done directly by the Hardware Monitor chip itself, which can be a separate chip, interfaced through I2C or SMBus, or come as a part of a Super I/O solution, interfaced through Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) or Low Pin Count (LPC).
PC/104
1 linksFamily of embedded computer standards which define both form factors and computer buses by the PC/104 Consortium.
Family of embedded computer standards which define both form factors and computer buses by the PC/104 Consortium.
Its name derives from the 104 pins on the interboard connector (ISA) in the original PC/104 specification and has been retained in subsequent revisions, despite changes to connectors.
Intel 8259
3 linksProgrammable Interrupt Controller designed for the Intel 8085 and Intel 8086 microprocessors.
Programmable Interrupt Controller designed for the Intel 8085 and Intel 8086 microprocessors.
The 8259A was the interrupt controller for the ISA bus in the original IBM PC and IBM PC AT.
Interrupt request (PC architecture)
2 linksInterrupt request is a hardware signal sent to the processor that temporarily stops a running program and allows a special program, an interrupt handler, to run instead.
Interrupt request is a hardware signal sent to the processor that temporarily stops a running program and allows a special program, an interrupt handler, to run instead.
Technically these lines are named IR0 through IR7, and the lines on the ISA bus to which they were historically attached are named IRQ0 through IRQ15 (although historically as the number of hardware devices increased, the total possible number of interrupts was increased by means of cascading requests, by making one of the IRQ numbers cascade to another set or sets of numbered IRQs, handled by one or more subsequent controllers).
Mark Dean (computer scientist)
0 linksAmerican inventor and computer engineer.
American inventor and computer engineer.
He developed the ISA bus, and he led a design team for making a one-gigahertz computer processor chip.
Southbridge (computing)
4 linksOne of the two chips in the core logic chipset on a personal computer motherboard, the other being the northbridge.
One of the two chips in the core logic chipset on a personal computer motherboard, the other being the northbridge.
ISA bus or LPC bridge. ISA slots are no longer provided on more recent motherboards. The LPC bridge provides a data and control path to the super I/O (the normal attachment for the PS/2 keyboard and mouse, parallel port, serial port, IR port, and floppy controller).