A report on Li Shouxin, Mengjiang and Inner Mongolia

Li Shouxin (center), Prince Demchugdongrub (left)
Persian miniature depicting Genghis Khan entering Beijing
Demchugdongrub (left)
The Northern Yuan at its greatest extent
Mongolia plateau during early 17th century
Foundation ceremony of Mengjiang's government
Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia within the Qing dynasty, c. 1820
One-yuan banknote issued by the Bank of Mengjiang, 1940
Mongols stand in front of a yurt, 1912
A 1943 postage stamp of Mengjiang
Delegates of Inner Mongolia People's Congress shouting slogans
Mengjiang shrine in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, in the 1950s
Inner Mongolian steppes
Inner Mongolia in 1911
Topography of Inner Mongolia in China
A map of the Mengjiang United Autonomous Government
Winter in Ulanbutan Grassland, Hexigten Banner
The Reformed Government's territory in central China from 1937 until 1940 when all three states, Mengjiang, the Provisional Government of the ROC (not to be confused with the 1912 government of the same name and flag) and the Reformed Government of the ROC, merged into the Reorganized National Government of the ROC.
Theater in Hohhot
alt=A lecture with a map of Mengjiang|A lecture held in Japan in 1940 discussing Inner Mongolia and Mengjiang, note the map in the background featuring the state
Inner Mongolia Gymnasium
{{FIAV|historical}} Flag of the Mongol Military Government (1936–1937) and the Mongol United Autonomous Government (1937–1939)
Muslim-themed Street in Hohhot
{{FIAV|historical}} Flag of the South Chahar Autonomous Government (1937–1939)
A KFC in Hohhot, the capital, with a bilingual street sign in Chinese and Mongolian
{{FIAV|historical}} Flag of the North Shanxi Autonomous Government (1937–1939)
Inner Mongolian carpet c. 1870
Temple of the White Sulde of Genghis Khan in the town of Uxin in Inner Mongolia, in the Mu Us Desert. The worship of Genghis is shared by Chinese and Mongolian folk religion.
Sign of the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Jade dragon of the Hongshan culture (4700 BC – 2900 BC) found in Ongniud, Chifeng
Ulaanbutan grassland
Inner Mongolian grassland
Honorary tomb of Wang Zhaojun (born c. 50BC) in Hohhot
Fresco from the Liao dynasty (907–1125) tomb at Baoshan, Ar Horqin
Khitan people cooking. Fresco from the Liao dynasty (907–1125) tomb at Aohan
Remains of the city Khara-Khoto built in 1032. Located in Ejin Khoshuu, Alxa Aimag
Maidari Juu temple fortress ({{zh|labels=no |c=美岱召 |p=měidài zhào}}) built by Altan Khan in 1575 near Baotou
Newly built arch in front of the Maidari Juu temple fortress (1575)
Da Zhao temple (also called Ikh Zuu) built by Altan Khan in 1579
Badekar Monastery (1749) near Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Called Badgar Zuu in Mongolian
Five Pagoda temple (1727) in Hohhot
Badain Jaran temple (1868) in western Inner Mongolia
Genghis Khan Mausoleum (1954)
Genghis Khan Mausoleum (1954)
Alshaa mountain scenery
Alxa Western Monastery (Alshaa Baruun Hiid) built in 1756

Mengjiang, also known as Mengkiang or the Mongol Border Land, and governed as the Mengjiang United Autonomous Government, was an autonomous area in Inner Mongolia, formed in 1939 as a puppet state of the Empire of Japan, then from 1940 being under the nominal sovereignty of the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China (which was itself also a puppet state).

- Mengjiang

Assigned to Tongliao in what is now Inner Mongolia, he helped assist in the suppressing the revolt of Gada Meiren in 1929.

- Li Shouxin

With the establishment Mengjiang, Li became the commander of the Mengjiang National Army.

- Li Shouxin

Li Shouxin: Chahar warlord, Chief of Staff of the Inner Mongolian Army (1937-1945)

- Mengjiang

Their descendants continued to marry Mongol women and changed their ethnicity to Mongol as they assimilated into the Mongol people, an example of this were the ancestors of Li Shouxin.

- Inner Mongolia

On 8 December 1937, Mongolian Prince Demchugdongrub (also known as "De Wang") declared independence for the remaining parts of Inner Mongolia (i.e., the Suiyuan and Chahar provinces) as Mengjiang, and signed agreements with Manchukuo and Japan.

- Inner Mongolia

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Demchugdongrub

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Demchugdongrub in his Japanese style uniform
Prince Demchugdongrub (left), Li Shouxin (center)

Demchugdongrub (, Demchigdonrob, Дэмчигдонров,, Chinese: 德穆楚克棟魯普, 8 February 1902– 23 May 1966), also known as Prince De (德王), courtesy name Xixian (希賢), was a Qing dynasty Mongol prince descended from the Borjigin imperial clan who lived during the 20th century and became the leader of an independence movement in Inner Mongolia.

He was most notable for being the chairman of the pro-Japanese Mongol Military Government (1938–39) and later of the puppet state of Mengjiang (1939–45), during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

On 24 December 1935, General Minami sent two battalions of irregular Manchurian cavalry under Li Shouxin, a squadron of Japanese planes, and a few tanks to assist the Prince in taking over the northern part of Chahar province.