A report on Ruhollah Khomeini, Iranian Revolution and Iran–Iraq War
The Iranian Revolution, also known as the Islamic Revolution was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and the replacement of his government with an Islamic republic under the rule of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a leader of one of the factions in the revolt.
- Iranian RevolutionHe was the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, which saw the overthrow of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and the end of the Persian monarchy.
- Ruhollah KhomeiniIraq's primary rationale for the invasion was to cripple Iran and prevent Ruhollah Khomeini from exporting the 1979 Iranian Revolution movement to Shia-majority Iraq and internally exploit religious tensions that would threaten the Sunni-dominated Ba'athist leadership led by Saddam Hussein.
- Iran–Iraq WarMost of his period in power was taken up by the Iran–Iraq War of 1980–1988.
- Ruhollah KhomeiniAt the same time, events that made up both the crisis and its resolution were the Iran hostage crisis, the invasion of Iran by Saddam Hussein's Iraq, and the presidency of Abolhassan Banisadr.
- Iranian Revolution8 related topics with Alpha
Iran hostage crisis
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On November 4, 1979, 52 United States diplomats and citizens were held hostage after a group of militarized Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and seized hostages.
In September 1980, Iraq invaded Iran, beginning the Iran–Iraq War.
In Iran, the crisis strengthened the prestige of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and the political power of theocrats who opposed any normalization of relations with the West.
Ali Khamenei
4 linksTwelver Shia Marja' and the second and current supreme leader of Iran, in office since 1989.
Twelver Shia Marja' and the second and current supreme leader of Iran, in office since 1989.
After the Iranian revolution overthrowing the shah, he was the target of an attempted assassination in June 1981 that paralysed his right arm.
Khamenei was one of Iran's leaders during the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s, and developed close ties with the now powerful Revolutionary Guards which he controls, and whose commanders are elected and dismissed by him.
Khamenei served as the third President of Iran from 1981 to 1989, while becoming a close ally of the first Supreme Leader, Ruhollah Khomeini.
Iran
3 linksCountry in Western Asia.
Country in Western Asia.
After the Iranian Revolution, the current Islamic Republic was established in 1979 by Ruhollah Khomeini, who became the country's first Supreme Leader.
On 22 September 1980, the Iraqi army invaded the western Iranian province of Khuzestan, initiating the Iran–Iraq War.
People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
3 linksIranian political-militant organization.
Iranian political-militant organization.
Its revolutionary interpretation of Islam contrasts with the conservative Islam of the traditional clergy as well as the populist version developed by Ayatollah Khomeini in the 1970s.
The organization engaged in armed conflict with the Pahlavi dynasty in the 1970s and contributed to the overthrow of the Shah during the Iranian Revolution.
Near the end of the Iran–Iraq War, a military force of 7,000 members of the MEK, armed and equipped by Saddam's Iraq and calling itself the National Liberation Army of Iran (NLA) was founded.
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
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The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC; or Sepâh for short) is a branch of the Iranian Armed Forces, founded after the Iranian Revolution on 22 April 1979 by order of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
Among the dead was General Ahmad Kazemi, the IRGC ground forces commander, and Iran–Iraq War veteran.
Abolhassan Banisadr
3 linksIranian politician, writer, and political dissident.
Iranian politician, writer, and political dissident.
He was the first president of Iran after the 1979 Iranian Revolution abolished the monarchy, serving from February 1980 until his impeachment by parliament in June 1981.
His father was an ayatollah and close to Ruhollah Khomeini.
During the Iran–Iraq War, Banisadr was appointed acting commander-in-chief by Khomeini on 10 June 1981.
Mehdi Bazargan
1 linksIranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Iran's interim government.
Iranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Iran's interim government.
He was appointed prime minister in February 1979 by Ayatollah Khomeini, making him Iran's first prime minister after the Iranian Revolution of 1979.
He opposed the continuation of the Iran–Iraq War and the involvement of Islamists in all aspects of politics, economy and society.
Saddam Hussein
0 linksIraqi politician who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.
Iraqi politician who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.
He suppressed several movements, particularly Shi'a and Kurdish movements which sought to overthrow the government or gain independence, respectively, and maintained power during the Iran–Iraq War and the Gulf War.
Following the Iranian Revolution of 1979, Iraq faced the prospect of régime change from two Shi'ite factions (Dawa and SCIRI) which aspired to model Iraq on its neighbour Iran as a Shia theocracy.
In early 1979, Iran's Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown by the Islamic Revolution, thus giving way to an Islamic republic led by the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.