A report on Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23, Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and Iran–Iraq War

A Soviet Air Force MiG-23MLD
Location of Iraq (green) and Kuwait (orange)
Top-left to bottom-right: Iranian child soldier on the frontlines Iranian soldier in a trench wearing a gas mask to guard against Iraqi chemical attacks Port quarter view of the USS Stark listing to port after being mistakenly struck by an Iraqi warplane Pro-Iraq MEK forces killed during Iran's Operation Mersad Iraqi prisoners of war after the recapture of Khorramshahr by Iranian forces ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun being used by the Iranian Army
A Soviet Air Force MiG-23MLD
The Basra Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire in 1897. After the Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913, Kuwait was established as an autonomous kaza, or district, of the Ottoman Empire and a de facto protectorate of Great Britain.
Meeting of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Houari Boumédiène and Saddam Hussein (left to right) during the Algiers Agreement in 1975.
A Polish MiG-23MF
April Glaspie's first meeting with Saddam Hussein
Ruhollah Khomeini rose to power after the Iranian Revolution.
MiG-23 parked.
An Iraqi Type 69 tank on display at the site of the Al-Qurain Martyrdom
Location of Khuzestan Province in Iran which Iraq planned to annex
MiG-23M "Flogger-B" armed with R-23 and R-60 missiles.
A Kuwait M-84 tank during Operation Desert Shield in 1990. Kuwait continues to maintain strong relations with the coalition of the Gulf War.
Iranian President Abolhassan Banisadr, who was also commander-in-chief, on a Jeep-mounted 106mm recoilless anti-tank gun. Banisadr was impeached in June 1981.
MiG-23 cockpit in high resolution
Ground troop movements from 24–28 February 1991 during Operation Desert Storm.
The Shatt al-Arab on the Iran–Iraq border
KM-1 ejection seat
American tanks from the 3rd Armored Division during Operation Desert Storm.
Destroyed Iranian C-47 Skytrain
MiG-23 wing-sweep mechanism
More than 600 Kuwaiti oil wells were set on fire by retreating Iraqi forces, causing massive environmental and economic damage to Kuwait.
Iranian F-14A Tomcats equipped with AIM-54A, AIM-7 and AIM-9 missiles.
MiG-23M
The oil fires caused were a result of the scorched earth policy of Iraqi military forces retreating from Kuwait
Resistance of the outnumbered and outgunned Iranians in Khorramshahr slowed the Iraqis for a month.
MiG-23 on display in Israel after defection from Syria
Aerial view of oil wells on fire
Iranian president Abulhassan Banisadr on the battlefront
Iraqi MiG-23ML
US troops in Kuwait, 2015
Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and Massoud Rajavi, the leader of MEK and the National Resistance Council of Iran (NCRI) in 1988.
Libyan MiG-23 over Gulf of Sidra in August 1981, being followed by an F-4 just before the first Gulf of Sidra incident.
The surprise attack on H-3 airbase is considered to be one of the most sophisticated air operations of the war.
Libyan MiG-23
Iranian soldier holding an IV bag during the Iran–Iraq War
A Hungarian MiG-23MF in flight.
Iranian Northrop F-5 aircraft during Iran-Iraq war
MiG-23BN used in Operation Safed Sagar
Iraqi T-62 tank wreckage in Khuzestan Province, Iran
MiG-23M "Flogger-B" on display at the National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War, Kyiv
Iraqi soldiers surrendering after the Liberation of Khorramshahr
MiG-23ML 332 at the Information Centre for History and Technology, Peenemünde
Saddam Hussein in 1982
Soviet MiG-23MLA "Flogger-G"
An admonitory declaration issued from the Iraqi government in order to warn Iranian troops in the Iran–Iraq War. The statement says: "Hey Iranians! No one has been downtrodden in the country where Ali ibn Abi Ṭālib, Husayn ibn Ali and Abbas ibn Ali are buried. Iraq has undoubtedly been an honorable country. All refugees are precious. Anyone who wants to live in exile can choose Iraq freely. We, the Sons of Iraq, have been ambushing foreign aggressors. The enemies who plan to assault Iraq will be disfavoured by God in this world and the hereafter. Be careful of attacking Iraq and Ali ibn Abi Ṭālib! If you surrender, you might be in peace."
Soviet MiG-23MLD "Flogger-K"
95,000 Iranian child soldiers were made casualties during the Iran–Iraq War, mostly between the ages of 16 and 17, with a few younger.
World operators of the MiG-23 (not including evaluation-only operators)
Furthest ground gains
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23MS Syrian Air Force Camo
Iranian POWs in 1983 near Tikrit, Iraq
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23UB.
Iranian child soldier
Hungarian Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23MF.
Iraqi POW who was shot by Iranian troops after they conquered the Iraqi Majnoon oil field in October 1984
An Indian MiG-23MF on display at a crossroads in Gandhinagar.
Iranian troops fire 152 mm D-20 howitzer
Polish Air Force MiG-23
Battle of the Marshes Iran front 1983 rest after exchange of fire 152 mm D-20 H
Ukrainian MiG-23 on display at the National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War, Kyiv
Operation Earnest Will: Tanker convoy No. 12 under US Navy escort (21 October 1987)
MiG-23 on display at the Minsk World theme park in Shenzhen, PRC.
A map indicating the attacks on civilian areas of Iran, Iraq, and Kuwait targeted during the "War of the Cities".
3-view drawing of MiG-23MF
Iraqi commanders discussing strategy on the battlefront (1986)
MiG-23 monument
Iranian President Ali Khamenei on the battlefront during the Iran–Iraq War
Operation Dawn 8 during which Iran captured the Faw Peninsula.
Iranian soldier killed during the Iran–Iraq War with Rouhollah Khomeini's photo on his uniform
The People's Mujahedin of Iran, supported by Saddam, started a ten-day operation after both the Iranian and Iraqi governments accepted UN Resolution 598. Casualty estimates range from 2,000 to 10,000.
Adnan Khairallah, Iraqi Defense Minister, meeting with Iraqi soldiers during the war
IRGC navy speedboats using swarm tactics
An Iranian soldier wearing a gas mask during the Iran–Iraq War.
The Iranian frigate IS Sahand burns after being hit by 20 U.S. air launched missiles and bombs, killing a third of the crew, April 1988
Iranian soldiers captured during Iraq's 1988 offensives
USS Vincennes in 1987 a year before it shot down Iran Air Flight 655
MEK Soldiers killed in Operation Mersad in 1988
Al-Shaheed Monument in Baghdad was erected to commemorate the fallen Iraqi soldiers during the war.
Iranian Martyr Cemetery in Isfahan
Iranian Martyrs Museum in Tehran
An Iranian soldier's funeral in Mashhad, 2013
An Iraqi Mil Mi-24 on display at the military museum of Sa'dabad Palace in Iran
President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George H. W. Bush work in the Oval Office of the White House, 20 July 1984.
USS Stark (FFG-31) listing following two hits by Exocet missiles.
Victims of the 1987 chemical attack on Sardasht, West Azerbaijan, Iran
Damage to a mosque in Khoramshahr, Iran, the city that was invaded by Iraq in September 1980

A variety of speculations have been made regarding the true intents behind the Iraqi move, including Iraq's inability to pay Kuwait more than US$14 billion that it had borrowed from Kuwait to finance the Iran–Iraq War, and Kuwait's surge in petroleum production levels which kept revenues down for Iraq.

- Iraqi invasion of Kuwait

The Iraqi Air Force (IQAF) had at least two squadrons of Sukhoi Su-22, one of Su-25, one of Mirage F1 and two of MiG-23 fighter-bombers.

- Iraqi invasion of Kuwait

The Iraqi Air Force was only able to strike in depth with a few MiG-23BN, Tu-22, and Su-20 aircraft, and Iran had built hardened aircraft shelters where most of its combat aircraft were stored.

- Iran–Iraq War

The MiG-23 took part in the Iran–Iraq War and was used in both air-to-air and air-to-ground roles.

- Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23

On 2 August 1990, the Iraqi Air Force supported the invasion of Kuwait with MiG-23BN and Su-22 aircraft as the main strike assets.

- Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23

The Security Council did not identify Iraq as the aggressor of the war until 11 December 1991, some 11 years after Iraq invaded Iran and 16 months following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.

- Iran–Iraq War
A Soviet Air Force MiG-23MLD

1 related topic with Alpha

Overall
A Spanish Air Force Mirage F1M

Dassault Mirage F1

0 links

French fighter and attack aircraft designed and manufactured by Dassault Aviation.

French fighter and attack aircraft designed and manufactured by Dassault Aviation.

A Spanish Air Force Mirage F1M
A Spanish Air Force Mirage F1M
Mirage F1 Escadron de chasse 1/5 Vendée.
Mirage F1C of EC 2/30 Normandie-Niemen at the 1975 Paris Air Show.
A pair of French Air Force Mirage F1Cs from the EC 2/30 and EC 3/30 in flight, 31 May 1986.
A multinational fighter formation, including, left to right, a Qatari F-1 Mirage, a French F-1C Mirage, a U.S. Air Force F-16C Fighting Falcon, a Canadian CF/A-18A Hornet and a Qatari Alpha Jet, during Operation Desert Shield
An Ecuadoran Mirage F1JA during the joint US/Ecuadoran exercise "Blue Horizon '86".
A Hellenic Air Force Mirage F1CG
Moroccan Mirage F1CH (2007).
A formation of four Mirage F1CZs, flying over Air Force Base Ysterplaat, circa 1982
A SAAF Mirage F1CZ performing an aerial display at Air Force Base Ysterplaat, Cape Town, circa 1982
Spanish Air Force F1M at Kecskeméti Repülőnap 2010.
A Mirage F1BD, believed to be the only twin-seat aircraft of the type remaining in Libyan service at that time, 2009
Underside view of a SAAF Mirage F1AZ flying overhead, 2002
A Mirage F1B performing a flight display at the 2008 Royal International Air Tattoo
A Spanish Mirage F1CE at RAF Coltishall, England, 1988
A Mirage F1ED of the Libyan Air Force, August 1981
A Jordanian Mirage F1EJ in formation with an American F-16 Fighting Falcon over Iraq, 1996
A formation of four Mirage F1CRs flying over Avenue des Champs-Élysées, Paris, 2006
A French Air Force Mirage F1CR at the 2009 Royal International Air Tattoo
A Mirage F1AZ at Air Force Base Swartkop, Gauteng, circa 1996
Aerosud Mirage F1
Mirage F1 operators, current (blue) and former (red)
Iranian Air Force Mirage F1BQ
Iraqi Air Force Mirage F1BQ
Jordanian Air Force Dassault Mirage F1EJ
Qatari Air Force Mirage F1EDA
Dassault Mirage F1 3-view drawings
Thomson CSF Cyrano IV radar unit
Assorted 125kg, 250kg, 500kg, and 1000kg bombs besides a Mirage F1

The type has seen action in a large number of armed conflicts involving several of its operators, including the Western Sahara War, the Paquisha War, the Cenepa War, the Iran–Iraq War, the Gulf War, the South African Border War, the War in Afghanistan, the Chadian–Libyan conflict, the 2011 military intervention in Libya, and the Northern Mali conflict.

In response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, France performed two deployments of Mirage F1s to the Persian Gulf.

On 27 September 1987, during Operation Moduler, an attempt was mounted to intercept two Cuban FAR MiG-23MLs.