A report on Iran–Iraq War and Second Battle of al-Faw

Top-left to bottom-right: Iranian child soldier on the frontlines

Iranian soldier in a trench wearing a gas mask to guard against Iraqi chemical attacks

Port quarter view of the USS Stark listing to port after being mistakenly struck by an Iraqi warplane

Pro-Iraq MEK forces killed during Iran's Operation Mersad

Iraqi prisoners of war after the recapture of Khorramshahr by Iranian forces

ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun being used by the Iranian Army

Meeting of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Houari Boumédiène and Saddam Hussein (left to right) during the Algiers Agreement in 1975.

Ruhollah Khomeini rose to power after the Iranian Revolution.

Location of Khuzestan Province in Iran which Iraq planned to annex

Iranian President Abolhassan Banisadr, who was also commander-in-chief, on a Jeep-mounted 106mm recoilless anti-tank gun. Banisadr was impeached in June 1981.

The Shatt al-Arab on the Iran–Iraq border

Iranian F-14A Tomcats equipped with AIM-54A, AIM-7 and AIM-9 missiles.

Resistance of the outnumbered and outgunned Iranians in Khorramshahr slowed the Iraqis for a month.

Iranian president Abulhassan Banisadr on the battlefront

Iraqi President Saddam Hussein and Massoud Rajavi, the leader of MEK and the National Resistance Council of Iran (NCRI) in 1988.

The surprise attack on H-3 airbase is considered to be one of the most sophisticated air operations of the war.

Iranian soldier holding an IV bag during the Iran–Iraq War

Iranian Northrop F-5 aircraft during Iran-Iraq war

Iraqi T-62 tank wreckage in Khuzestan Province, Iran

Iraqi soldiers surrendering after the Liberation of Khorramshahr

An admonitory declaration issued from the Iraqi government in order to warn Iranian troops in the Iran–Iraq War. The statement says: "Hey Iranians! No one has been downtrodden in the country where Ali ibn Abi Ṭālib, Husayn ibn Ali and Abbas ibn Ali are buried. Iraq has undoubtedly been an honorable country. All refugees are precious. Anyone who wants to live in exile can choose Iraq freely. We, the Sons of Iraq, have been ambushing foreign aggressors. The enemies who plan to assault Iraq will be disfavoured by God in this world and the hereafter. Be careful of attacking Iraq and Ali ibn Abi Ṭālib! If you surrender, you might be in peace."

95,000 Iranian child soldiers were made casualties during the Iran–Iraq War, mostly between the ages of 16 and 17, with a few younger.

Iraqi POW who was shot by Iranian troops after they conquered the Iraqi Majnoon oil field in October 1984

Iranian troops fire 152 mm D-20 howitzer

Battle of the Marshes Iran front 1983 rest after exchange of fire 152 mm D-20 H

Operation Earnest Will: Tanker convoy No. 12 under US Navy escort (21 October 1987)

A map indicating the attacks on civilian areas of Iran, Iraq, and Kuwait targeted during the "War of the Cities".

Iraqi commanders discussing strategy on the battlefront (1986)

Iranian President Ali Khamenei on the battlefront during the Iran–Iraq War

Operation Dawn 8 during which Iran captured the Faw Peninsula.

Iranian soldier killed during the Iran–Iraq War with Rouhollah Khomeini's photo on his uniform

The People's Mujahedin of Iran, supported by Saddam, started a ten-day operation after both the Iranian and Iraqi governments accepted UN Resolution 598. Casualty estimates range from 2,000 to 10,000.

Adnan Khairallah, Iraqi Defense Minister, meeting with Iraqi soldiers during the war

IRGC navy speedboats using swarm tactics

An Iranian soldier wearing a gas mask during the Iran–Iraq War.

The Iranian frigate IS Sahand burns after being hit by 20 U.S. air launched missiles and bombs, killing a third of the crew, April 1988

Iranian soldiers captured during Iraq's 1988 offensives

USS Vincennes in 1987 a year before it shot down Iran Air Flight 655

MEK Soldiers killed in Operation Mersad in 1988

Al-Shaheed Monument in Baghdad was erected to commemorate the fallen Iraqi soldiers during the war.

An Iranian soldier's funeral in Mashhad, 2013

An Iraqi Mil Mi-24 on display at the military museum of Sa'dabad Palace in Iran

President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George H. W. Bush work in the Oval Office of the White House, 20 July 1984.

USS Stark (FFG-31) listing following two hits by Exocet missiles.

Victims of the 1987 chemical attack on Sardasht, West Azerbaijan, Iran

Damage to a mosque in Khoramshahr, Iran, the city that was invaded by Iraq in September 1980

The Second Battle of al-Faw (also known as the Operation Ramadan Mubarak (Blessed Ramadan)), fought on 17 April 1988, was a major battle of the Iran–Iraq War.

- Second Battle of al-Faw

On 17 April 1988, Iraq launched Operation Ramadan Mubarak (Blessed Ramadan), a surprise attack against the 15,000 Basij troops on the al-Faw peninsula.

- Iran–Iraq War

3 related topics with Alpha

1st Division (Iraq)

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Motorized infantry division of the Iraqi Army headquartered in Camp Fallujah.

The 2nd Brigade, 1st Iraqi Division took delivery of 10 armored HMMWVs in March 2006

Iraqi Soldiers with 2nd Regiment, 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, practice marching for their graduation ceremony aboard the Iraqi training center in Al Anbar province, Iraq, Feb. 15.

It fought in the Iran–Iraq War, including Operation Fath ol-Mobin, in which the division suffered heavy losses, and at the Second Battle of Al Faw.

A drawing depicting the amphibious landing of British troops during the Siege of Quebec in 1759

Amphibious warfare

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Type of offensive military operation that today uses naval ships to project ground and air power onto a hostile or potentially hostile shore at a designated landing beach.

South Korean Type 88 K1 MBT comes ashore from an American LCAC in March 2007.

Two Australian M113s disembarking from a landing craft during a training exercise in 2019

The Bayeux Tapestry depicts the 1066 Norman invasion of England with a force of some 8,000 infantry and heavy cavalry landed on the English shore.

Relief of Gibraltar by Earl Howe, 11 October 1782, by Richard Paton

British and American movements during the Chesapeake Campaign

Ships of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron bombarding Fort Fisher prior to the ground assault, during the American Civil War

Japanese landing on Liaodong Peninsula, 1909

German battleship during Operation Albion in October 1917

V Beach about two days after the landing, seen from the bow of the River Clyde

Anzac Beach amphibious landing, on April 25, 1915

The Landing Craft Mechanized was designed by Inter-Service Training and Development Centre from 1938 as the first specialized amphibious ship for the transportation of tanks.

The Inter-Service Training and Development Centre, which helped to pioneer modern amphibious warfare doctrine, came under the command of Combined Operations Headquarters in June 1940. Pictured, the badge of Combined Operations.

Major Earl Hancock Ellis developed amphibious warfare doctrine for the United States Marine Corps in the interwar period, and successfully predicted the nature of the subsequent Pacific campaign.

LCVPs, known as 'Higgins Boats', were the first specialized landing craft for the US Navy. Pictured, USS Darke (APA-159) LCVP 18, possibly with Army troops as reinforcements at Okinawa, 1945.

Into the Jaws of Death: Troops from the U.S. 1st Division landing on Omaha beach as part of Operation Overlord

19 September 1942, Allied troops disembarking from a Landing Craft Assault (LCA) in Toamasina harbour

Canadian landings at Juno Beach in the Landing Craft Assault

Royal Navy Beach Commandos aboard a Landing Craft Assault of the 529th Flotilla, Royal Navy

USS LCI-326, a Landing Craft Infantry, during training for D-Day

Two examples of the LCM 1 on an exercise prior to the 1942 Dieppe Raid. On the right is an earlier model without the later fully armoured steering shelter. This craft also has been given additional armour around the tank well and a ramp extension.

A Crusader I tank emerges from the Tank Landing Craft TLC-124, 26 April 1942.

A Canadian LST off-loads an M4 Sherman during the Allied invasion of Sicily in 1943.

A large landing craft convoy crosses the English Channel on 6 June 1944.

PLUTO Pump from Sandown on the Isle of Wight

Overall aerial view of the Mulberry B harbour "Port Winston" in September 1944

Landing craft approach Blue Beach during the Inchon landings on 15 September 1950, covered by the U.S. Navy destroyer USS De Haven (DD-727) (bottom center).

In late 2001, USS Peleliu (LHA-5) amphibious group sent ashore 15th MEU into Northern Pakistan and Afghanistan.

During the Iran–Iraq War, the Iranians launched Operation Dawn 8 (Persian: عملیات والفجر ۸), in which 100,000 troops comprising 5 Army divisions and 50,000 men from the IRGC and the Basij advanced in a two-pronged offensive into southern Iraq.

The Faw Peninsula was later recaptured by Iraqi forces, by the massive and illegal use of chemical weapons, the same day as the US launched Operation Praying Mantis on Iran, destroying their navy.

Sarin

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Extremely toxic synthetic organophosphorus compound.

Rabbit used to check for leaks at former sarin production plant (Rocky Mountain Arsenal), 1970

U.S. Honest John missile warhead cutaway, showing M134 Sarin bomblets (c. 1960)

April 1988: Sarin was used four times against Iranian soldiers at the end of the Iran–Iraq War, helping Iraqi forces to retake control of the al-Faw Peninsula during the Second Battle of al-Faw.