A report on Iran hostage crisis, Iran–Iraq War and Iranian Revolution
On November 4, 1979, 52 United States diplomats and citizens were held hostage after a group of militarized Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and seized hostages.
- Iran hostage crisisIraq's primary rationale for the invasion was to cripple Iran and prevent Ruhollah Khomeini from exporting the 1979 Iranian Revolution movement to Shia-majority Iraq and internally exploit religious tensions that would threaten the Sunni-dominated Ba'athist leadership led by Saddam Hussein.
- Iran–Iraq WarIn September 1980, Iraq invaded Iran, beginning the Iran–Iraq War.
- Iran hostage crisisThey were also active after the failed U.S. attempt to rescue its hostages, Operation Eagle Claw.
- Iran–Iraq WarAt the same time, events that made up both the crisis and its resolution were the Iran hostage crisis, the invasion of Iran by Saddam Hussein's Iraq, and the presidency of Abolhassan Banisadr.
- Iranian Revolution6 related topics with Alpha
Ruhollah Khomeini
5 linksundefined
undefined
He was the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, which saw the overthrow of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and the end of the Persian monarchy.
Most of his period in power was taken up by the Iran–Iraq War of 1980–1988.
Khomeini was known for his support of the hostage takers during the Iran hostage crisis, his fatwa calling for the murder of British Indian novelist Salman Rushdie, and for referring to the United States as the "Great Satan" and the Soviet Union as the "Lesser Satan".
People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
3 linksIranian political-militant organization.
Iranian political-militant organization.
The organization engaged in armed conflict with the Pahlavi dynasty in the 1970s and contributed to the overthrow of the Shah during the Iranian Revolution.
It has also been suggested that the group supported the U.S. embassy takeover in Tehran in 1979.
Near the end of the Iran–Iraq War, a military force of 7,000 members of the MEK, armed and equipped by Saddam's Iraq and calling itself the National Liberation Army of Iran (NLA) was founded.
Ali Khamenei
3 linksTwelver Shia Marja' and the second and current supreme leader of Iran, in office since 1989.
Twelver Shia Marja' and the second and current supreme leader of Iran, in office since 1989.
After the Iranian revolution overthrowing the shah, he was the target of an attempted assassination in June 1981 that paralysed his right arm.
Khamenei was one of Iran's leaders during the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s, and developed close ties with the now powerful Revolutionary Guards which he controls, and whose commanders are elected and dismissed by him.
The United States and Iran have had no formal diplomatic relations since the Iran hostage crisis of 1980 when US embassy was taken over and US diplomats were taken prisoner.
Iran
2 linksCountry in Western Asia.
Country in Western Asia.
After the Iranian Revolution, the current Islamic Republic was established in 1979 by Ruhollah Khomeini, who became the country's first Supreme Leader.
On 4 November 1979, after the United States refusal for the extradition of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to the new government, a group of Muslim students seized the United States Embassy and took the embassy with 52 personnel and citizens hostage.
On 22 September 1980, the Iraqi army invaded the western Iranian province of Khuzestan, initiating the Iran–Iraq War.
Abolhassan Banisadr
2 linksIranian politician, writer, and political dissident.
Iranian politician, writer, and political dissident.
He was the first president of Iran after the 1979 Iranian Revolution abolished the monarchy, serving from February 1980 until his impeachment by parliament in June 1981.
During the Iran–Iraq War, Banisadr was appointed acting commander-in-chief by Khomeini on 10 June 1981.
In 1991, Banisadr released an English translation of his 1989 text My Turn to Speak: Iran, the Revolution and Secret Deals with the U.S. In the book, Banisadr alleged covert dealings between the Ronald Reagan presidential campaign and leaders in Tehran to prolong the Iran hostage crisis before the 1980 United States presidential election.
Mehdi Bazargan
1 linksIranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Iran's interim government.
Iranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Iran's interim government.
He was appointed prime minister in February 1979 by Ayatollah Khomeini, making him Iran's first prime minister after the Iranian Revolution of 1979.
He resigned his position in November of the same year, in protest at the US Embassy takeover and as an acknowledgement of his government's failure in preventing it.
He opposed the continuation of the Iran–Iraq War and the involvement of Islamists in all aspects of politics, economy and society.