Italy
Country that consists of a peninsula delimited by the Alps and several islands surrounding it, whose territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region.
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Switzerland
Landlocked country at the confluence of Western, Central and Southern Europe.
Switzerland is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
Vatican City
Vatican City, officially the Vatican City State (Stato della Città del Vaticano; Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is an independent city-state and enclave surrounded by Rome, Italy.
San Marino
San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino (Repubblica di San Marino; ), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a small country (and a European microstate) in Southern Europe enclaved by Italy.
Austria
Landlocked country in the southern part of Central Europe, situated at Eastern Alps.
The country is bordered by Germany to the northwest, the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia to the northeast, Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west.
Southern Italy
Southern Italy (Sud Italia) also known as Meridione or Mezzogiorno, is a macroregion of Italy consisting of the southern half of the Italian state.
France
Transcontinental country spanning Western Europe and overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans.
France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in Europe, as well as the Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin.
Central Italy
Central Italy (Italia centrale or just Centro) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region, and a European Parliament constituency.
Northern Italy
Northern Italy (Italia settentrionale, Nord Italia, Alta Italia or just Nord) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy.
Roman Kingdom
The earliest period of Roman history when the city and its territory were ruled by kings.
According to oral accounts, the Roman Kingdom began with the city's founding c. undefined 753 BC, with settlements around the Palatine Hill along the river Tiber in central Italy, and ended with the overthrow of the kings and the establishment of the Republic c. 509 BC.
Mediterranean Sea
Sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant.
The countries surrounding the Mediterranean in clockwise order are Spain, France, Monaco, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco; Malta and Cyprus are island countries in the sea.