A report on Jainism and Mahavira

The hand symbolizes Ahiṃsā, the wheel dharmachakra, the resolve to halt saṃsāra (transmigration).

Statue of Mahavira meditating in the lotus position at Shri Mahavirji, Rajasthan, India.

Classification of Saṃsāri Jīvas (transmigrating souls) in Jainism

Mahavira in Padmasana meditation posture

Lord Neminatha, Akota Bronzes (7th century)

Ancient kingdoms and cities of India at the time of Mahavira

Jain miniature painting of 24 tirthankaras, Jaipur, c. 1850

Jain temple painting explaining Anekantavada with Blind men and an elephant

The birth of Mahavira, from the Kalpa Sūtra (c.1375–1400 CE)

A Jain monk in meditation, wearing the characteristic white robe and face covering

Lord Mahavira's Jal Mandir (water temple) in Pawapuri, Bihar, India

Nishidhi stone, depicting the vow of sallekhana, 14th century, Karnataka

The "Charan Paduka" or foot impression of Mahavira at Jal Mandir

Praying at the feet of a statue of Bahubali

Folio from the Kalpa Sūtra, 15th century

Jain worship may include ritual offerings and recitals.

Celebrating Das Lakshana (Paryushana), Jain Center of America, New York City

Mahavira iconography is distinguished by a lion stamped (or carved) beneath his feet; a Shrivatsa is on his chest.

alt=See caption|Rock-cut sculpture of Mahavira in Samanar Hills, Madurai, Tamil Nadu

A symbol to represent the Jain community was chosen in 1975 as part of the commemoration of the 2,500th anniversary of Mahavira’s nirvana.

Rock-cut sculpture of Mahavira in Kalugumalai Jain Beds, 8th century

Rishabhdev, believed to have lived over 592.704×1018 years ago, is considered the traditional founder of Jainism.

alt=See caption|Tallest known image of the seated Mahavira, Patnaganj

The ruins of Gori Jain temples in Nagarparkar, Pakistan, a pilgrimage site before 1947.

alt=See caption|Four-sided sculpture of Mahavira in Kankali Tila, Mathura

alt=Two nude statues|Tirthankaras Rishabhanatha (left) and Mahavira, 11th century (British Museum)

alt=Mahavira, seated|Temple relief of Mahavira, 14th century (Seattle Asian Art Museum)

alt=See caption|Relief of Mahavira in Thirakoil, Tamil Nadu

16-foot, 2-inch stone statue of Mahavira in Ahinsa Sthal, Mehrauli, New Delhi{{sfn|Titze|1998|p=266}}|alt=Large outdoor statue of Mahavira, with a seated worshipper for scale

alt=See caption|Mahavira statue in Cave 32 of the Ellora Caves

Mahavira inside Ambapuram cave temple, 7th century

alt=Dharmachakra temple|Dharmachakra temple in Gajpanth

Saavira Kambada Basadi, Moodbidri, Karnataka

Mahavir Swami at Manilaxmi Tirth, Gujarat

Mahavira (Sanskrit: महावीर) also known as Vardhamana, was the 24th Tirthankara (supreme preacher) of Jainism.

- Mahavira

Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four Tirthankaras (supreme preachers of Dharma), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, whom the tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago; the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha, whom historians date to 9th century BCE; and the twenty-fourth tirthankara, Mahavira around 600 BCE.

- Jainism

26 related topics with Alpha

Diwali

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William Simpson labelled his chromolithograph of 1867 CE as "Dewali, feast of lamps". It showed streets lit up at dusk, with a girl and her mother lighting a street corner lamp.

Diwali is celebrated in the honour of Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth.

A picture of Lakshmi and Ganesha worship during Diwali

Diwali celebrations include puja (prayers) to Lakshmi and Ganesha. Lakshmi is of the Vaishnavism tradition, while Ganesha of the Shaivism tradition of Hinduism.

Dhanteras starts off the Diwali celebrations with the lighting of Diya or Panati lamp rows, house cleaning and floor rangoli

A sparkling fire cracker, commonly known as 'Kit Kat' in India

Lighting candle and clay lamp in their house and at temples during Diwali night

A child playing with sparklers during Diwali

Diwali (Deepawali (IAST: dīpāwalī) or Divali; related to Jain Diwali, Bandi Chhor Divas, Tihar, Swanti, Sohrai and Bandna) is a festival of lights and one of the major festivals celebrated by Hindus, Jains, Sikhs, and some Buddhist.

The Jains observe their own Diwali which marks the final liberation of Mahavira, the Sikhs celebrate Bandi Chhor Divas to mark the release of Guru Hargobind from a Mughal Empire prison, while Newar Buddhists, unlike other Buddhists, celebrate Diwali by worshipping Lakshmi, while the Hindus of Eastern India and Bangladesh generally celebrate Diwali by worshipping the goddess Kali.

Timeline of various denominations in Jainism

Jain schools and branches

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Jainism is an Indian religion which is traditionally believed to be propagated by twenty-four spiritual teachers known as tirthankara.

Knowledge of Purva was lost around 436 years after Mahavira and Anga were lost around 683 years after Mahavira.

Champapuri

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Village in Bhagalpur district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Jainism: Tirthankar Vasupujya's Moksha Sthali.

It is said that Bhagawan Adinatha, Bhagwan Parshwanatha and Bhagawan Mahavira had their monsoon stay at this place.

Pawapuri

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Pawapuri or Pawa is a holy site for Jains located in the Nalanda district in the Bihar state of Eastern India.

Pawapuri is the place of Mahavira's nirvana and a pilgrimage site for Jains.

Acharanga Sutra

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The Acharanga Sutra (First book c. 5th–4th century BCE; Second book c. 2nd–1st century BCE) is the first of the twelve Angas, part of the agamas (religious texts) which were compiled based on the teachings of 24th Jina Mahavira.

The existing text of the Acharanga Sutra which is used by the Svetambara sect of Jainism was recompiled and edited by KshamaShraman Devardhigani, who headed the council held at Valabhi c. 454 CE.

Broad classification of Karmas as per Jain philosophy

Karma in Jainism

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The soul travels to any one of the four states of existence after the death depending on its karmas

The common representation of the mango tree and men analogy of the lesyas.

Representation of a soul undergoing reincarnation.

Karma as moral action and reaction: goodness sown is reaped as goodness.

Karma is the basic principle within an overarching psycho-cosmology in Jainism.

Jain texts narrate how even Māhavīra, one of the most popular propagators of Jainism and the 24th (ford-maker), had to bear the brunt of his previous karma before attaining kevala jñāna (enlightenment).