A report on Tirthankara, Parshvanatha, Neminatha and Jainism

Image of Tirthankara Parshvanatha (Victoria and Albert Museum, 6th–7th century)

Image of Neminatha at a Jain temple in Bateshwar, Uttar Pradesh

The hand symbolizes Ahiṃsā, the wheel dharmachakra, the resolve to halt saṃsāra (transmigration).

Parshvanatha was born in Varanasi, a historic city on the Ganges.

Classification of Saṃsāri Jīvas (transmigrating souls) in Jainism

Tirthankara images at Siddhachal Caves inside Gwalior Fort.

Parshvanatha and his yaksha, Dharanendra, in the 8th-century Tamil Nadu Kalugumalai Jain Beds

Depiction of wedding procession of Neminatha. His legend states that he renounced after hearing animal cries while they were being sacrificed to prepare his wedding feast.

Lord Neminatha, Akota Bronzes (7th century)

Auspicious dreams seen by a tirthankara's mother during pregnancy

8th-century stone relief of Parshvanatha at Thirakoil

Neminatha temple complex on Girnar hills near Junagadh, Gujarat.

Jain miniature painting of 24 tirthankaras, Jaipur, c. 1850

Samavasarana of Tirthankara Rishabha (Ajmer Jain temple)

Parshvanatha with Padmavati and Dharnendra in a 16th-century manuscript

Kalpa Sūtra recto Neminatha's blowing Krishna's conch verso text

Jain temple painting explaining Anekantavada with Blind men and an elephant

Tirthankars of present, previous and next cosmic ages (72 in total)

Parshvanatha iconography is identified by a sesha hood above his head and a cobra stamped (or carved) beneath his feet. At the center of his chest is a shrivatsa, which identifies Jain statues.

The largest statue of Neminath with height of 16 meters at Tirumalai built in 12th century

A Jain monk in meditation, wearing the characteristic white robe and face covering

Jain chaumukha sculpture at LACMA, 6th century

Nishidhi stone, depicting the vow of sallekhana, 14th century, Karnataka

Parsvanatha ayagapata - Jina Parsvanatha, Mathura art, {{circa|15 CE}}.{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=201}}{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=406}}

Praying at the feet of a statue of Bahubali

alt=Stone relief|Uttar Pradesh, 2nd century (Museum of Oriental Art)

Jain worship may include ritual offerings and recitals.

Parshvanath relief of Kahaum pillar, 5th century

Celebrating Das Lakshana (Paryushana), Jain Center of America, New York City

alt=Lotus position|5th century (Satna, Madhya Pradesh)

Neminath Sculpture, National Museum, New Delhi, 11th Century

The birth of Mahavira, from the Kalpa Sūtra (c.1375–1400 CE)

alt=Lotus position|6th century, Uttar Pradesh

Image at Maharaja Chhatrasal Museum, 12th century

alt=Lotus position|7th-century Akota Bronze (Honolulu Museum of Art)

Neminath idol, Government Museum, Mathura, 12th Century

6th-7th century bronze statue in Asian Civilisations Museum

Depiction of Neminatha on Naag as bed, chakra on foot finger and conch played by nose at Parshvanath temple, Tijara

A symbol to represent the Jain community was chosen in 1975 as part of the commemoration of the 2,500th anniversary of Mahavira’s nirvana.

Rishabhdev, believed to have lived over 592.704×1018 years ago, is considered the traditional founder of Jainism.

alt=Lotus position|10th-century copper, inlaid with silver and gemstones (LACMA)

The ruins of Gori Jain temples in Nagarparkar, Pakistan, a pilgrimage site before 1947.

alt=Lotus position|11th century, Maharaja Chhatrasal Museum

alt=Lotus position|Karnataka, 12th century (Art Institute of Chicago)

{{convert|61|ft}} colossal at Navagraha Jain Temple

alt=Outdoor standing statue|Vahelna statue

alt=Standing statue in niche|Parshvanatha basadi, Shravanabelgola

alt=Standing statue|Parshvanatha temple in Halebidu

Parshvanatha temple, Khajuraho, UNESCO World Heritage Site

Saavira Kambada Basadi, Moodbidri, Karnataka

Pattadakal Jain Temple, UNESCO World Heritage Site

Parshavanth temple, Jaisalmer Fort, UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of Hill Forts of Rajasthan

Parshvanatha basadi at Halebidu: tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage Site

alt=Godiji Parshwanath (Gori) Temple at Tharparkar - tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage|Godiji (Gori) Temple in Tharparkar - tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage

In Jainism, a Tirthankara (Sanskrit: ; English: literally a 'ford-maker') is a saviour and spiritual teacher of the dharma (righteous path).

- Tirthankara

Parshvanatha, also known as Parshva and Parasnath, was the 23rd of 24 Tirthankaras (ford-makers or propagators of dharma) of Jainism.

- Parshvanatha

Neminatha, also known as Nemi and Arishtanemi, is the twenty-second tirthankara (ford-maker) in Jainism.

- Neminatha

Along with Mahavira, Parshvanatha and Rishabhanatha, Neminatha is one of the twenty four tirthankaras who attract the most devotional worship among the Jains.

- Neminatha

Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four Tirthankaras (supreme preachers of Dharma), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, whom the tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago; the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha, whom historians date to 9th century BCE; and the twenty-fourth tirthankara, Mahavira around 600 BCE.

- Jainism

He was the spiritual successor of 22nd tirthankara Neminatha.

- Parshvanatha

History records the existence of Mahavira and his predecessor, Parshvanath, the twenty-third tirthankara.

- Tirthankara

Two tirthankaras – Munisuvrata, the 20th, and Neminatha, the 22nd – belonged to the Harivamsa dynasty.

- Tirthankara

Out of the 24 Tirthankaras, Jains predominantly worship four: Mahāvīra, Parshvanatha, Neminatha and Rishabhanatha.

- Jainism

2 related topics with Alpha

Mahavira

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Mahavira in Padmasana meditation posture

Ancient kingdoms and cities of India at the time of Mahavira

Lord Mahavira's Jal Mandir (water temple) in Pawapuri, Bihar, India

The "Charan Paduka" or foot impression of Mahavira at Jal Mandir

Folio from the Kalpa Sūtra, 15th century

Mahavira iconography is distinguished by a lion stamped (or carved) beneath his feet; a Shrivatsa is on his chest.

alt=See caption|Rock-cut sculpture of Mahavira in Samanar Hills, Madurai, Tamil Nadu

Rock-cut sculpture of Mahavira in Kalugumalai Jain Beds, 8th century

alt=See caption|Tallest known image of the seated Mahavira, Patnaganj

alt=See caption|Four-sided sculpture of Mahavira in Kankali Tila, Mathura

alt=Two nude statues|Tirthankaras Rishabhanatha (left) and Mahavira, 11th century (British Museum)

alt=Mahavira, seated|Temple relief of Mahavira, 14th century (Seattle Asian Art Museum)

alt=See caption|Relief of Mahavira in Thirakoil, Tamil Nadu

16-foot, 2-inch stone statue of Mahavira in Ahinsa Sthal, Mehrauli, New Delhi{{sfn|Titze|1998|p=266}}|alt=Large outdoor statue of Mahavira, with a seated worshipper for scale

alt=See caption|Mahavira statue in Cave 32 of the Ellora Caves

Mahavira inside Ambapuram cave temple, 7th century

alt=Dharmachakra temple|Dharmachakra temple in Gajpanth

Mahavir Swami at Manilaxmi Tirth, Gujarat

Mahavira (Sanskrit: महावीर) also known as Vardhamana, was the 24th Tirthankara (supreme preacher) of Jainism.

He was the spiritual successor of the 23rd Tirthankara Parshvanatha.

According to Jain texts, he was the shortest of the twenty-four tirthankaras; earlier arihants were believed to have been taller, with Neminatha or Aristanemi —the 22nd tirthankara, who lived for 1,000 years—said to have been sixty-five cubits (98feet) in height.

Idol of Lord Rishabhdeva at Palitana Tirth, Gujarat

Rishabhanatha

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Rishabha with mother Marudevi at Palitana

Janma kalyāṇaka from the Kalpa Sutra, c. 14th–15th Century CE

Ruins of ancient Jain settlement from 2nd century BCE in Kankali Tila, Mathura depicting the scene of Nilanjana's Dance from life of Lord Rishabhdeva.

Statuary representing meditation by Rishabhanatha in Kayotsarga posture. (Photo:Ajmer Jain temple)

Rishabhanatha's moving over lotus after attaining omniscience

Mount Kailash or Ashtapad, the Nirvana place of Rishabhdeva.

Svetambara iconography of Rishabhanatha, in which he is identified by the bull stamped or carved below his feet. On the center of his chest is a shrivatsa.

Carving at Ambika Gumpha, Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves, 2nd century BCE

The famous 15 ft "Bade Baba" idol at Bade Baba temple, Kundalpur

Statue of Ahimsa, Maharashtra, {{convert|108|feet}}

Bawangaja, Madhya Pradesh, {{convert|84|feet}}

The {{convert|58.4|feet}} colossal at Gopachal Hill

The {{convert|45|feet}} tall rock cut idol at Chanderi

{{convert|31|feet}} statue made up of Ashtadhatu, Trilok Teerth Dham

The {{convert|25|feet}} idol at Dadabari, Kota

Ranakpur Jain temple, Ranakpur, Rajasthan

Adinatha temple, Khajuraho, a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Rishabhanatha, also ' (ऋषभदेव), Rishabhadeva, ' or Ikshvaku is the first Tīrthaṅkara (Supreme preacher) of Jainism and establisher of Ikshvaku dynasty.

Along with Mahavira, Parshvanath, Neminath, and Shantinath; Rishabhanath is one of the five Tirthankaras that attract the most devotional worship among the Jains.

Jain tradition depicts life of a tirthankara in five auspicious events called the pancha kalyanaka.