A report on Kashmiri language

Indo-Aryan language spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, primarily in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.

- Kashmiri language

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Azad Kashmir

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Region administered by Pakistan as a nominally self-governing entity and constituting the western portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.

Region administered by Pakistan as a nominally self-governing entity and constituting the western portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.

Landscape of Azad Kashmir
Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification
Paddy field in Leepa valley
A 1946 map of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir; present-day Azad Kashmir constitutes areas of the three western-most districts
Muzaffarabad, the capital city of Azad Kashmir
Bagh City
Districts of Azad Kashmir
Kotla, Bagh District
Neelum Valley is a tourist destination in Azad Kashmir.
Munda Gali, Leepa Valley
Mirpur University of Science and Technology

There are also sizeable communities speaking Kashmiri (mostly in the north), Gujari (throughout the territory), and Dogri (in the south), as well as pockets of speakers of Kundal Shahi, Shina and Pashto.

A Kashmiri woman 
with a child in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, c. 2014

Kashmiris

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A Kashmiri woman 
with a child in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, c. 2014
Kashmiri Samovar and Noon Chai
Rogan Josh
Kashmiri Hindu priests in the 1890s

Kashmiris are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language, living mostly, but not exclusively, in the Kashmir Valley in the Indian subcontinent.

Muzaffarabad District

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One of the 10 districts of Pakistan's dependent territory of Azad Kashmir.

One of the 10 districts of Pakistan's dependent territory of Azad Kashmir.

Kashmiri is spoken in the city of Muzaffarabad.

Political map of the Kashmir region, showing the Pir Panjal range and the Kashmir Valley or Vale of Kashmir

Kashmir

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Northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.

Northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.

Political map of the Kashmir region, showing the Pir Panjal range and the Kashmir Valley or Vale of Kashmir
Pahalgam Valley, Kashmir
Nanga Parbat in Kashmir, the ninth-highest mountain on Earth, is the western anchor of the Himalayas
Map of India in 1823, showing the territories of the Sikh empire (northermost, in green) including the region of Kashmir
1909 Map of the Princely State of Kashmir and Jammu. The names of regions, important cities, rivers, and mountains are underlined in red.
The prevailing religions by district in the 1901 Census of the Indian Empire
A white border painted on a suspended bridge delineates Azad Kashmir from Jammu and Kashmir
Topographic map of Kashmir
K2, a peak in the Karakoram range, is the second highest mountain in the world
The Indus River system
Large Kashmir Durbar Carpet (detail), 2021 photo. "Durbar", in this context, means Royal or Chiefly.
A Muslim shawl-making family shown in Cashmere shawl manufactory, 1867, chromolithograph, William Simpson
A group of Pandits, or Brahmin priests, in Kashmir, photographed by an unknown photographer in the 1890s
Brokpa women from Kargil, northern Ladakh, in local costumes

In the Kashmiri language, Kashmir itself is known as Kasheer.

Classification tree of the Indo-Aryan languages

Indo-Aryan languages

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The Indo-Aryan languages (or sometimes Indic languages ) are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Indo-Aryan peoples.

The Indo-Aryan languages (or sometimes Indic languages ) are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Indo-Aryan peoples.

Classification tree of the Indo-Aryan languages

Kashmiri: Kashmiri, Kishtwari, Poguli;

Hattian Bala District

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One of the ten districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.

One of the ten districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.

The main languages of the district are Pahari (native to about half of the population), Gujari (spoken by about a third), and Kashmiri (native to one out of six inhabitants).

Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)

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Region administered by India as a union territory and consisting of the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947, and between India and China since 1962.

Region administered by India as a union territory and consisting of the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947, and between India and China since 1962.

Topographic map of Jammu and Kashmir, with visible altitude for the Kashmir valley and Jammu region.
A high-altitude alpine lake in the Himalayan range in Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir union territory (J and K) is bordered in carmine colour. Ladakh union territory (L) is bordered in blue colour.
Srinagar railway station
NH1 near Sonamarg
University of Kashmir during autumn
The Jammu and Kashmir High Court on postal stamps of India
Apples of Kashmir are famous for their taste
Boteh from an Antique Kashmiri Dochalla Shawl
Inauguration of the first Khelo India Winter Games
Vaishno Devi Temple in winter
Shalimar Gardens
Dal Lake
Amarnath Cave

The most widely spoken language in Jammu and Kashmir is Kashmiri, the mother tongue of 52.72% of the population according to the 2011 census.

Neelum District

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Northernmost of 10 districts located within the Pakistani-administered territory of Azad Kashmir.

Northernmost of 10 districts located within the Pakistani-administered territory of Azad Kashmir.

Dosut

The second most widely spoken language of the Neelam Valley is Kashmiri.

Kupwara district

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One of the 10 districts located in the Kashmir Valley region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

One of the 10 districts located in the Kashmir Valley region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

At the time of the 2011 census, 71.11% of the population spoke Kashmiri, 14.12% Pahari, 9.21% Gujari and 2.72% Urdu as their first language.

Pogali

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Pogali or Poguli is a dialect of Kashmiri language spoken in parts of the Chenab Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India.