A report on TanzaniaKenya and Zanzibar

The castle in Zanzibar
A 1.8-million-year-old stone chopping tool discovered at Olduvai Gorge and on display at the British Museum.
The Turkana boy, a 1.6-million-year-old hominid fossil belonging to Homo erectus.
A traditional Swahili carved wooden door in Lamu.
Omani Sultan of Zanzibar
A 1572 depiction of the portuguese city of Kilwa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Portuguese presence in Kenya lasted from 1498 until 1730. Mombasa was under Portuguese rule from 1593 to 1698 and again from 1728 to 1729.
Zanzibari slave trader Tippu Tip
British East Africa in 1909
The Harem and Tower Harbour of Zanzibar (p.234), London Missionary Society
Battle during the Maji Maji Rebellion against German colonial rule in 1905.
The Kenya–Uganda Railway near Mombasa, about 1899.
A Zanj slave gang in Zanzibar (1889)
The Arusha Declaration Monument
A statue of Dedan Kimathi, a Kenyan rebel leader with the Mau Mau who fought against the British colonial system in the 1950s.
The post office in Zanzibar was initially managed by the postal service of British India. Before dedicated Zanzibar stamps could be manufactured, Indian stamps were locally overprinted. This item is from a pre-printed Indian envelope or postcard, overprinted at the offices of the Zanzibar Gazette, which had the only printing press in the territory.
Wildebeest migration in the Serengeti
The first president and founding father of Kenya, Jomo Kenyatta.
A street scene in Zanzibar during the early 20th century
Tanzania map of Köppen climate classification
Daniel arap Moi, Kenya's second President, and George W. Bush, 2001
President Abeid Karume
The Masai giraffe is Tanzania's national animal
Uhuru Kenyatta in 2014.
A street scene in Stone Town
The semi-autonomous Zanzibar Archipelago
A map of Kenya.
Produce vendors at a market
Regions of Tanzania
A Köppen climate classification map of Kenya.
The main mosque and Christ Church Anglican cathedral in Stone Town
Tanzanian ambassador to Russia Jaka Mwambi presenting his credentials to the Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
Kenya's third president, Mwai Kibaki
Hindu temple in Stone Town
Tanzanian Embassy in West End, Washington, D.C., USA
The Supreme Court of Kenya building.
12 January 2004: President Karume of Zanzibar enters Amani Stadium for the celebration of the 40th anniversary of Zanzibar's 1964 revolution.
FIB Tanzanian special forces during training
President Barack Obama in Nairobi, July 2015
An aerial view of Stone Town in Zanzibar
A proportional representation of Tanzania exports, 2019
Emblem of the Kenya Defence Forces
A dolphin in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of Zanzibar
Historical development of real GDP per capita in Tanzania, since 1950
Kenya's 47 counties.
Papilio demodocus in Zanzibar, Nungwi
Tea fields in Tukuyu
A proportional representation of Kenya exports, 2019
Prophylaxis poster in Zanzibar, 2008
Nyerere Bridge in Kigamboni, Dar es Salaam
Kenya, Trends in the Human Development Index 1970–2010.
Seaweed farming in Jambiani
The snowcapped Uhuru Peak
Amboseli National Park
Aquaculture of red algae (Eucheuma), Jambiani
One of the main trunk roads
Tsavo East National Park
Tourism is one of the main sectors of the economy.
Zanzibar harbour
Tea farm near Kericho, Kericho County.
Market stall in Zanzibar's Stone Town
Domestic expenditure on research in Southern Africa as a percentage of GDP, 2012 or closest year. Source: UNESCO Science Report: towards 2030 (2015), Figure 20.3
Agricultural countryside in Kenya
Tourists in boat chasing dolphins in the Indian Ocean near Zanzibar
A Tanzanian woman cooks Pilau rice dish wearing traditional Kanga.
The Kenya Commercial Bank office at KENCOM House (right) in Nairobi.
A narrow pedestrian alleyway in Stone Town, Zanzibar
Farmers using a rice harvester to harvest rice in Igunga District, Tanzania
Workers at Olkaria Geothermal Power Plant
A train operating on the railway between Bububu and Stone Town in Zanzibar, circa 1905
Example of a World Food Programme parcel
The official logo of Vision 2030.
Several times a day fast ferry services between Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar
Researchers (HC) in Southern Africa per million inhabitants, 2013 or closest year
Lake Turkana borders Turkana County
Zanzibar Harbour
Scientific publications per million inhabitants in SADC countries in 2014. Source: UNESCO Science Report (2015), data from Thomson Reuters' Web of Science, Science Citation Index Expanded
Lions Family Portrait Masai Mara
Azam Sealink1 ferry
The Hadza live as hunter-gatherers.
Maasai people. The Maasai live in both Kenya and Tanzania.
Zanzibar Airport Terminal I
A carved door with Arabic calligraphy in Zanzibar
Child labour in Kenya
A view of the clock tower in House of Wonders through Islamic styled door in the Stone City
Nkrumah Hall at the University of Dar es Salaam
A Bantu Kikuyu woman in traditional attire
ZIFF, 2013
Development of life expectancy
Holy Ghost Roman Catholic Cathedral in Mombasa.
Institute of Marine Sciences, UDSM
Tanzanian woman harvest tea leaves
Outpatient Department of AIC Kapsowar Hospital in Kapsowar.
Aerial view of Amaan Stadium in Zanzibar
Judith Wambura (Lady Jaydee) is a popular Bongo Flava recording singer.
Table showing different grades of clinical officers, medical officers, and medical practitioners in Kenya's public service
Stone Town
A Tingatinga painting
School children in a classroom.
Stone Town with Sultan's Palace
National Stadium in Dar es Salaam.
An MSc student at Kenyatta University in Nairobi.
House of Wonders undergoing refurbishment
St Joseph's Catholic cathedral, Zanzibar
A Maasai girl at school.
Cloves have played a significant role in Zanzibar's historic economy.
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in Arusha
Kenyan boys and girls performing a traditional dance
The red colobus of Zanzibar (Procolobus kirkii), taken at Jozani Fores
East African Legislative Assembly in Arusha
Nation Media House, which hosts the Nation Media Group
Zanzibar East Coast beach
Tanzanian Ngoma group
Kenyan author Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o.
Red-knobbed starfish (Protoreaster linckii) on the beach in Nungwi, northern Zanzibar
Popular Kenyan musician Jua Cali.
A Zanzibar beach
Jepkosgei Kipyego and Jepkemoi Cheruiyot at the 2012 London Olympics
Cannons overlooking the water at Forodhani Gardens park, in Stone Town
Kenyan Olympic and world record holder in the 800 meters, David Rudisha.
alt=A five-star resort on the northern part of Zanzibar|A five-star resort on the northern part of Zanzibar
Ugali and sukuma wiki, staples of Kenyan cuisine

It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to the south; Zambia to the southwest; and Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west.

- Tanzania

Kenya is bordered by South Sudan to the northwest, Ethiopia to the north, Somalia to the east, Uganda to the west, Tanzania to the south, and the Indian Ocean to the southeast.

- Kenya

The name of Zanzibar comes from "zenji", the name for a local people (said to mean "black"), and the Arabic word "barr", which means coast or shore.

- Tanzania

By the 1st century CE, many of the city-states such as Mombasa, Malindi, and Zanzibar began to establish trading relations with Arabs.

- Kenya

In October 1886, a British-German border commission established the Zanj as a 10 nmi strip along most of the African Great Lakes region's coast, an area stretching from Cape Delgado (now in Mozambique) to Kipini (now in Kenya), including Mombasa and Dar es Salaam.

- Zanzibar

In April 1964, the republic merged with mainland Tanganyika. This United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar was soon renamed, blending the two names, as the United Republic of Tanzania, within which Zanzibar remains an autonomous region.

- Zanzibar

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Women from Comoros in traditional dress.

Swahili people

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Women from Comoros in traditional dress.
Swahili Arabic script on a one-pysar coin from Zanzibar c. 1299 AH (1882 CE)
Swahili Arabic script on a carved wooden door (open) at Lamu in Kenya
Swahili Arabic script on wooden door in Fort Jesus, Mombasa in Kenya

The Swahili people (WaSwahili) comprise mainly Bantu, Afro-Arab and Comorian ethnic groups inhabiting the Swahili coast, an area encompassing the Zanzibar archipelago and mainland Tanzania's seaboard, littoral Kenya, northern Mozambique, the Comoros Islands, southwestern Somalia and Northwest Madagascar.

Swahili in Arabic script—memorial plate at the Askari Monument, Dar es Salaam (1927)

Swahili language

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Native language of the Waswahili who are found along the East African coast and litoral islands .

Native language of the Waswahili who are found along the East African coast and litoral islands .

Swahili in Arabic script—memorial plate at the Askari Monument, Dar es Salaam (1927)
Although originally written with the Arabic script, Swahili is now written in a Latin alphabet introduced by Christian missionaries and colonial administrators. The text shown here is the Catholic version of the Lord's Prayer.
Swahili in Arabic script on the clothes of a girl in German East Africa (ca. early 1900s)
Loxodonta africana elephants frolic in Amboseli National Park, Kenya, 2012.

Due to concerted efforts by the government of Tanzania, Swahili is one of three official languages (the others being English and French) of the East African Community (EAC) countries, namely Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.

In June 1928, an inter-territorial conference attended by representatives of Kenya, Tanganyika, Uganda, and Zanzibar took place in Mombasa.

Swahili coast

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Coastal area of the Indian Ocean in East Africa inhabited by the Swahili people.

Coastal area of the Indian Ocean in East Africa inhabited by the Swahili people.

Map of Indian Ocean trade
Stone Town is the Zanzibar Archipelago's main city
Swahili is grouped in the Bantu language family (orange)
Houses are often decorated with carved door frames

It includes Dar es Salaam; Sofala (located in Mozambique); Mombasa, Gede, Pate Island, Lamu, and Malindi (in Kenya); and Kilwa (in Tanzania).

In addition, several coastal islands are included in the Swahili coast such as Zanzibar and Comoros.

The main slave routes in medieval Africa

Indian Ocean slave trade

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Multi-directional slave trade and has changed over time.

Multi-directional slave trade and has changed over time.

The main slave routes in medieval Africa
Arab-Swahili slave traders and their captives along the Ruvuma River in Mozambique.
A Zanj slave gang in Zanzibar (1889)

These traders captured Bantu peoples (Zanj) from the interior in the present-day lands of Kenya, Mozambique and Tanzania and brought them to the coast.

From 1800 to 1890, between 25,000 and 50,000 Bantu slaves are thought to have been sold from the slave market of Zanzibar to the Somali coast.

Taarab performance by Kithara Orchestra of Zanzibar performing in Paris, France

Taarab

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Taarab performance by Kithara Orchestra of Zanzibar performing in Paris, France

Taarab is a music genre popular in Tanzania and Kenya.

It was this ruler who initiated taarab in Zanzibar and later it spread all over the African Great Lakes region.