A report on Nigeria, West Africa, Yoruba people and Lagos

Mansa Musa depicted holding a gold nugget from a 1395 map of Africa and Europe

A group of Yoruba people at a public event

13th-century Africa – Map of the main trade routes and states, kingdoms and empires.

Ceremonial Igbo pot from 9th-century Igbo-Ukwu

Degree of Presence of The Yoruba and derived' Ede
groups in Nigeria, Benin & Togo at Subnational levels

Map of Lagos' initial city boundaries, showing its contemporary districts. This definition is rarely used in the present day; the expanded metropolitan area is now a more accepted definition of Lagos.

Yoruba copper mask of Obalufon from the city of Ife c. 1300

A rhinoceros in Bandia Nature Reserve, Senegal. Credit: Corine REZEL.

Royal Benin ivory mask, one of Nigeria's most recognized artifacts. Benin Empire, 16th century.

African bush elephants in Yankari National Park, Nigeria

Palace of the King of Oyo circa 1900s - Colorized

Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard who as Governor-General of Nigeria led the amalgamation of the Northern Nigeria Protectorate and Southern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914.

Satellite imagery from outer space of West Africa

A map showing the 16 LGAs making up Lagos Metropolitan Area

1953 postage stamp with portrait of Queen ElizabethII

Railway systems in West Africa 2030, projection

Nnamdi Azikiwe, first president of Nigeria from 1963 to 1966

The Republic of Biafra in June 1967, when it declared its independence from the rest of Nigeria

A street and airport in the famous town of Timbuktu, Mali, showing the Sudano-Sahelian architectural style of the West African interior

Anna Hinderer church and mission house at Ibadan, 1850s

Shehu Shagari was the first democratically elected President of Nigeria from 1979 to 1983.

Philip Emeagwali wearing the Boubou (or Agbada), a traditional robe symbolic of West Africa

Olusegun Obasanjo was civilian President of Nigeria from 1999 to 2007.

Jollof rice or Benachin, one of many Pan–West African dishes found only in West Africa

Yoruba door, wood carvings; used to record events c. 1910

Muhammadu Buhari is currently serving as President of Nigeria, since 2015.

Early 19th century Yoruba architecture showing their unique inner courtyard layout used as a safe space for storing livestock and a space where children could play

The talking drum is an instrument unique to West Africa.

Nigerian Army self-propelled anti-aircraft gun

Kora-playing griots in Senegal, 1900. Both the Kora, a 21-stringed harp-lute, and the griot musical-caste are unique to West Africa.

The 13th-century Great Mosque of Djenné is a superb example of the indigenous Sahelian architectural style prevalent in the Savannah and Sahelian interior of West Africa. It is listed an UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Lagos Black Heritage Festival Parade, 2012

Voodoo altar with several fetishes in Abomey, Benin

Former Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan (centre) with United States President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama in August 2014

The Cathedral Church of Christ Marina on Lagos Island

Map of Nigeria with administrative divisions

Map of petroleum and natural gas within West Africa

Wooden Ere Ibeji figures representing twins. Yorubas have the highest twinning rate in the world.

A proportional representation of Nigeria exports, 2019

Toll gates and roads at the Lekki-Ẹpẹ Expressway

An older traditional Agbada clothing historically worn by Yoruba men. This exhibit was obtained in the town of Òkukù.

Lagos, its ports, airports, free trade zone and light rail system

Oil facility at Bonny Island, Rivers State

Distilling column of the Dangote refinery in compare to a Saturn rocket

PTDF – Petroleum Technology Development Fund

African Languages Spoken in American Households

Countries by natural gas proven reserves (2014). Nigeria has the largest reserves in Africa.

Commemoration of Black consciousness, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

$Amala is a Yoruba food.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Vocabulary_of_the_Yoruba_Language/oXxBAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=amala|title=A Vocabulary of the Yoruba Language|author=Owen Emeric Vidal|publisher=Seeleys|date=1852|isbn=9781976589218}}</ref>$

$Akara is a Yoruba bean fritter.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Vocabulary_of_the_Yoruba_Language/oXxBAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=akara|title=A Vocabulary of the Yoruba Language|author=Owen Emeric Vidal|publisher=Seeleys|date=1852|isbn=9781976589218}}</ref>$

$Ofada rice is a Yoruba dish.<ref name="Olusegun Obasanjo 1983">{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Management_in_Agriculture_Rural_Developm/JdrSAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22ofada%20rice%22|title=Management in Agriculture & Rural Development: A Practicioner's View|author=Olusegun Obasanjo|date=1983|isbn=9789782399243}}</ref>$

Tristan da Cunha, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

Moin Moin is a Yoruba steamed bean pudding.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Adim%C3%BA/w3r4Xx2059AC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22moin+moin%22|title=Adimú: Gbogbó Tén'unjé Lukumí|author=Miguel Willie Ramos|publisher=Eleda.Org Publications|date=July 2012|isbn=9781877845109}}</ref>

Second Niger bridge at Onitsha, artistic impression

A collection of foods eaten by Yorubas in general

SpaceX launch of CRS-11 with Nigeria EduSat-1 on board in 2017

$Simple Iro and Buba with Gele<ref name="Esogwa C. Osuala 1988">{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Fundamentals_of_Nigerian_Marketing/JfbTAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22iro+and+buba%22&dq=%22iro+and+buba%22&printsec=frontcover|title=Fundamentals of Nigerian Marketing|author=Esogwa C. Osuala|date=1988|publisher=Pacific Publishers|isbn=9789782347299}}</ref>$

Population density (persons per square kilometer) in Nigeria

$Agbádá àti Fìlà<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Yoruba_Dress/CzAqd4vGphoC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=agbada+and+fila&dq=agbada+and+fila&printsec=frontcover|title=Yoruba Dress: A Systematic Case Study of Five Generations of a Lagos Family|author=Betty Marguerite Wass|date=1975|publisher=Michigan State University. Department of Family Ecology|isbn=9789782347299|pages=143–183}}</ref>$

Iro and Bùbá, with Gele and Ipele. Blouse, wrapper and headgear<ref name="Esogwa C. Osuala 1988"/>

$Bùbá àti Kèmbè. Agbada top with short baggy pants<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Handbook_of_Nigerian_Culture/n1AuAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=kembe|title=A Handbook of Nigerian Culture|author1=Frank Aig-Imoukhuede|author2=Nigeria. Federal Ministry of Information and Culture|date=1992|publisher=Department of Culture, Federal Ministry of Information and Culture|isbn=9789783131613|page=134}}</ref>$

$Iro and Bùbá, with Gele and Ipele made from Òfì<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Aso_Oke_Yoruba/bH5djwEACAAJ?hl=en|title=Aso Oke Yoruba: A Tapestry of Love & Color, a Journey of Personal Discovery|author=Tola Adenle|date=February 2, 2016|publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|isbn=9781523495221}}</ref>$

Nigerian states that implement some form of sharia law (in green)

Agbádá àti Sóró, Agbada and long slim pants<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Lekki/o9EuAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=They%20wear%20dresses%20like|title=Lekki|author=Bola researcher/writer Sebastian|date=1992|publisher=Public Information Department, Lagos State Ministry of Information, Culture, Youth & Sports|page=3}}</ref>

Ìró and Bùbá with gele<ref name="Esogwa C. Osuala 1988"/>

A Nigerian police officer at the Eyo festival in Lagos

End SARS is a decentralised social movement and series of mass protests against police brutality in Nigeria.

Lisa Folawiyo, Fashion Designer From Nigeria

An Eyo Iga Olowe Salaye masquerade jumping

Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart, Africa's most popular and best selling literary piece ever, has been translated into more than forty languages.

Wizkid is a popular musician in Nigeria, Africa and worldwide.

Nigerian football supporters at the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia

The world's biggest distilling column at the Dangote refinery in comparison

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa.

- Nigeria

The Yoruba people (Ìran Yorùbá, Ọmọ Odùduwà, Ọmọ Káàárọ̀-oòjíire ) are a West African ethnic group that mainly inhabits parts of Nigeria, Benin and Togo.

- Yoruba people

Lagos (Nigerian English: ; Èkó) is the largest city in Nigeria and the second most populous city in Africa, with a population of 15.4 million as of 2015 within the city proper - daily the Lagos area is growing by some 3,000 people, or around 1.1 million annually, so the true population figure of the greater Lagos area in 2022 is roughly 28 million (up from some 23.5 million in 2018).

- Lagos

The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo, as well as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom Overseas Territory).

- West Africa

The largest city in Nigeria is Lagos, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world and the second-largest in Africa.

- Nigeria

Lagos initially emerged as a home to the Awori subgroup of the Yoruba of West Africa and later emerged as a port city that originated on a collection of islands, which are contained in the present day Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos Island, Eti-Osa, Amuwo-Odofin and Apapa.

- Lagos

The three largest ethnic groups are the Hausa in the north, Yoruba in the west, and Igbo in the east, together comprising over 60% of the total population.

- Nigeria

Further east, Oyo arose as the dominant Yoruba state and the Aro Confederacy as a dominant Igbo state in modern-day Nigeria.

- West Africa

Today, Lagos (Èkó), another major Yoruba city, with a population of over twenty million, remains the largest on the African continent.

- Yoruba people

Lagos, Nigeria

- West Africa

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The Portuguese Empire was the longest European presence in Benin, beginning in 1680 and ending in 1961, when the last forces left Ajudá.

Dahomey Amazons with the King at their head, going to war, 1793.

The flag of the People's Republic of Benin

Yayi Boni's 2006 presidential inauguration

Patrice Talon, current President of Benin

A Celestial Church of Christ baptism in Cotonou. Five percent of Benin's population belongs to this denomination, an African Initiated Church.

Benin map of Köppen climate classification.

Atakora, one of Benin's two northernmost departments.

The Pendjari National Park in Benin is one of the most important reserves for the West African lion and other large animals of West Africa.

A proportional representation of Benin exports, 2019

Extensive agriculture in the north of Benin, near Djougou.

Real GDP per capita development of Benin since 1950

Acarajé is peeled black-eyed peas formed into a ball and then deep-fried.

Benin (, ; Bénin ), officially the Republic of Benin (République du Bénin), and formerly Dahomey, is a country in West Africa.

It is bordered by Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east, Burkina Faso to the north-west, and Niger to the north-east.

Before 1700, there were city-states along the coast (primarily of the Aja ethnic group, and also including Yoruba and Gbe peoples) and a mass of tribal regions inland (composed of Bariba, Mahi, Gedevi, and Kabye peoples).

Cadjehoun Airport, located at Cotonou, has direct international jet service to Accra, Niamey, Monrovia, Lagos, Ouagadougou, Lomé, and Douala, and other cities in Africa.