A report on Lake Champlain

Lake Champlain-River Richelieu watershed
Sentinel-2 satellite photo
Lake Champlain in Burlington Harbor during sunset on May 27, 2012
Brooklyn Museum – Green Mountains, Lake Champlain – Winckworth Allan Gay – overall
Map of Lac Champlain, from Fort de Chambly up to Fort St-Fréderic in Nouvelle France. Cadastral map showing concessions and seigneuries on the coasts of the lake according to 1739 surveying.
Charlotte Ferry, Lake Champlain
The Champlain Valley as seen from Camel's Hump
Lake Champlain, Charlotte, Vermont
Dutton House, Shelburne Museum
Stagecoach Inn, Shelburne Museum
Sawmill, Shelburne Museum
A 1902 photograph of Fort Henry at Lake Champlain
The Champlain Bridge between New York and Vermont, demolished in December 2009
The LCTC ferry slip at Grand Isle, Vermont
The Swanton-Alburgh trestle spans Lake Champlain between the two Vermont towns: a distance of about 0.8 mi.
At sunset, looking west from Grand Isle to Plattsburgh and Crab Island
The lighthouse in Lake Champlain at dusk, as seen from Burlington, VT
USCG, Burlington, Vermont – main installation
Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife boat docked near ECHO Aquarium

Natural freshwater lake in North America mainly within the borders of the United States (in the states of Vermont and New York) but also across the Canada–U.S. border into the Canadian province of Quebec.

- Lake Champlain
Lake Champlain-River Richelieu watershed

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Vermont

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State in the New England region of the United States.

State in the New England region of the United States.

The Old Constitution House at Windsor, where the Constitution of Vermont was adopted on July 8, 1777
A circa 1775 flag used by the Green Mountain Boys
The gold leaf dome of the neoclassical Vermont State House (Capitol) in Montpelier
1791 Act of Congress admitting Vermont into the Union
Vermont in 1827. The county boundaries have since changed.
Map of Vermont showing cities, roads, and rivers
Population density of Vermont
Mount Mansfield
Western face of Camel's Hump Mountain (elevation 4079 ft).
Fall foliage at Lake Willoughby
Köppen climate types of Vermont, using 1991–2020 climate normals.
Silurian and Devonian stratigraphy of Vermont
The hermit thrush, the state bird of Vermont
A proportional representation of Vermont exports, 2020
Fall foliage seen from Hogback Mountain, Wilmington
Lake Champlain
Autumn in Vermont
Stowe Resort Village
The Lyndon Institute, a high school in Lyndon, Vermont
The University of Vermont
Old Mill, the oldest building of the university
Vermont welcome sign in Addison on Route 17 just over the New York border over the Champlain Bridge
Amtrak station in White River Junction
The Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant, in Vernon
The Vermont Supreme Court's building in Montpelier
Vermont towns hold a March town meeting for voters to approve the town's budget and decide other matters. Marlboro voters meet in this building.
Senators Bernie Sanders and Patrick Leahy and Representative Peter Welch greet supporters in 2017.
Vermontasaurus sculpture in Post Mills, in 2010

The geography of the state is marked by the Green Mountains, which run north–south up the middle of the state, separating Lake Champlain and other valley terrain on the west from the Connecticut River valley that defines much of its eastern border.

Burlington, Vermont

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Most populous city in Vermont and the seat of Chittenden County.

Most populous city in Vermont and the seat of Chittenden County.

The Carnegie Building of the Fletcher Free Library in 2013
Battery Park, which overlooks the Burlington Waterfront and Lake Champlain
ECHO, Leahy Center for Lake Champlain
Burlington's Union Station was built in 1916 by the Central Vermont Railway and the Rutland Railroad. It now serves only tourist rail operations.
One of the four buildings in the Edmunds School complex
University of Vermont – Old Mill building

The town's position on Lake Champlain helped it develop into a port of entry and center for trade, particularly after completion of the Champlain Canal in 1823, the Erie Canal in 1825, and the Chambly Canal in 1843.

New York (state)

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State in the Northeastern United States.

State in the Northeastern United States.

New York was dominated by Iroquoian (purple) and Algonquian (pink) tribes.
New Amsterdam, present-day Lower Manhattan, 1660
New York and neighboring provinces, by Claude Joseph Sauthier, 1777
British general John Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga in 1777
1800 map of New York from Low's Encyclopaedia
The Erie Canal at Lockport, New York, in 1839
Flight 175 hitting the South Tower on September11, 2001
Flooding on AvenueC in Lower Manhattan caused by Hurricane Sandy
New York is bordered by six U.S. states, two Great Lakes, and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.
Enveloped by the Atlantic Ocean and Long Island Sound, New York City and Long Island alone are home to about eleven million residents conjointly.
Lake-effect snow is a major contributor to heavy snowfall totals in western New York, including the Tug Hill region.
Two major state parks (in green) are the Adirondack Park (north) and the Catskill Park (south).
The Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor is a symbol of the United States and its ideals.
The African Burial Ground National Monument in Lower Manhattan
Map of the counties in New York
New York population distribution map. New York's population is primarily concentrated in the Greater New York area, including New York City and Long Island.
The Stonewall Inn in the gay village of Greenwich Village, Lower Manhattan, site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots, the cradle of the modern LGBT rights movement
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The main laboratory building of the IBM Watson Research Center is located in Yorktown Heights, New York.
Times Square in Midtown Manhattan, hub of the Broadway theater district, a media center, and one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections
"I Love New York"
CMA CGM Theodore Roosevelt, the largest container ship to enter the Port of New York and New Jersey as of September7, 2017
Harris Hall of the City College of New York, a public college of the City University of New York
Butler Library at Columbia University
University of Rochester
South campus of the University at Buffalo, the flagship of the State University of New York
The New York City Subway is one of the world's busiest, serving more than five million passengers per average weekday.
Grand Central Terminal in New York City
John F. Kennedy Airport in Queens, the busiest international air passenger gateway to the United States
The New York State Capitol in Albany
New York State Court of Appeals
Kirsten Gillibrand and Chuck Schumer, New York's U.S. Senators
Kathy Hochul (D), the 57th Governor of New York
Yankee Stadium in The Bronx
Koppen climate of New York

The state's borders include a water boundary in (clockwise from the west) two Great Lakes (Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, which are connected by the Niagara River); the provinces of Ontario and Quebec in Canada, with New York and Ontario sharing the Thousand Islands archipelago within the Saint Lawrence River, while most of its border with Quebec is on land; it shares Lake Champlain with the New England state of Vermont; the New England state of Massachusetts has mostly a land border; New York extends into Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean, sharing a water border with Rhode Island, while Connecticut has land and sea borders.

Richelieu River

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River of Quebec, Canada, and a major right tributary of the St. Lawrence River.

River of Quebec, Canada, and a major right tributary of the St. Lawrence River.

Map showing the Lake Champlain-River Richelieu watershed
Part of the Richelieu River as seen from Mont Saint-Hilaire
The sturgeon
Map of Fort Saint-Jean and other forts on the Richelieu River circa 1666 for the campagne of the Regiment of Carignan-Salières
Fort Saint-Jean on Richelieu River in Canada during the 1750s
Map of 1695 with a plan of Fort Richelieu
Fort Saint-Jean circa 1775 siege of the fort
Passage of the Richelieu by night
Fort Sainte-Thérèse on Richelieu River

It rises at Lake Champlain, from which it flows northward through Quebec and empties into the St. Lawrence.

Landsat photo of the immediate Lake Champlain region—only part of the much longer drainage basin and overall valley which reaches the Atlantic Ocean north of Nova Scotia via the St. Lawrence Seaway.

Champlain Valley

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Landsat photo of the immediate Lake Champlain region—only part of the much longer drainage basin and overall valley which reaches the Atlantic Ocean north of Nova Scotia via the St. Lawrence Seaway.

The Champlain Valley is a region of the United States around Lake Champlain in Vermont and New York extending north slightly into Quebec, Canada.

Plattsburgh, New York

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A B-47 bomber with the inscription "Pride of the Adirondacks", one of two aircraft on display in the Clyde A. Lewis Air Park.
Saranac River flowing through Verdantique Park
Downtown Plattsburgh
Plattsburgh City Hall
Plattsburgh's Amtrak train station

Plattsburgh is a city in, and the seat of, Clinton County, New York, United States, situated on the north-western shore of Lake Champlain.

The Peace Arch at the border between Surrey, British Columbia and Blaine, Washington

Canada–United States border

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Longest international border in the world.

Longest international border in the world.

The Peace Arch at the border between Surrey, British Columbia and Blaine, Washington
The 45th parallel (marked in red) was established as a border between the Province of Quebec and the United States in the Treaty of Paris
Signing of the Treaty of Ghent in 1814, which ended the War of 1812 and returned the border to its pre-war state. Subsequent treaties agreed upon saw the border demilitarized, and most boundary disputes resolved.
Disputed territory between British North America and Maine marked in pink. The dispute was settled in the Webster-Ashburton Treaty in 1842. The green line on the map marks the final border.
Map of the disputed Oregon Country, with the American and British claims marked. The dispute was settled in the Oregon Treaty, placing the boundary along the 49th parallel.
An International Boundary Commission reference monument at the Pigeon River
U.S. counties (or county equivalents) sharing a land or water border with Canada
Canadian border crossing sign with lights to alert those crossing to report to customs remotely. Remote customs exists in areas where staffed border crossings are unavailable.
Canada Border Services Agency and U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents reviewing identification. Valid identification is required for crossing the border.
A United States Border Patrol agent tracking someone in harsh winter conditions on the northern border
Members of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police waiting for migrants to cross at Roxham Road in August 2017
The Alberta-Montana border from Waterton Lake. A border vista clear of brush and large vegetation marks the international boundary.
International border between Yukon and Alaska (circa 1900–1923)
0 Avenue on the Canadian side and the border marker
The semi-arid region between Saskatchewan and Montana is lightly settled
Tourists in Niagara Falls, Ontario (bottom) and Niagara Falls, New York
US and Canadian custom agents
Entrance to a U.S. pre-clearance area at Vancouver International Airport. Pre-clearance areas are situated in several Canadian airports to help expedite the customs process.
Ramp facilities at Piney Pinecreek Border Airport. The left-hand building and ramp are north of the border in Canada; those on the right are in the United States.
Ambassador Bridge is a suspension bridge that connects Detroit, Michigan, with Windsor, Ontario. The bridge is North America's busiest international crossing in terms of trade volume, carrying more than one quarter of all merchandise trade between Canada and the US.
A ferry departing Wolfe Island, Ontario for Cape Vincent, New York
The Haskell Library sits on the international boundary, with the boundary marked by a black line on the floor of its reading room
Campobello Island is a practical exclave of Canada, with land access to the mainland being only to Maine
The U.S. portion of this lake peninsula has a land border with Canada, making land access to it possible only through Canada. Image by U.S. Geological Survey. 48.99833°N, -99.87889°W
Map of Alaska and the Beaufort Sea. The cross-hatched region marks the disputed maritime boundary between Canada and the U.S.
The Poker Creek–Little Gold Creek Border Crossing at the Alaska–Yukon border closed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Boundary markers and a 25 foot swath cut into the forest marking the Alberta-Montana border.
The Horseshoe Falls and the Niagara River marks the Ontario-New York border. Lakes and waterways make up most of Ontario's borders with the United States.

The treaty redefined the border between New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York on the one hand, and the Province of Canada on the other, resolving the Indian Stream dispute and the Fort Blunder dilemma at the outlet to Lake Champlain.

Isle La Motte

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Map of Fort Sainte-Anne and other forts on the Richelieu River, c. 1666
Statue of Champlain and guide on Isle La Motte

Isle La Motte is an island in Lake Champlain in northwestern Vermont, United States.

Fort Ticonderoga from Mount Defiance

Fort Ticonderoga

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Fort Ticonderoga from Mount Defiance
Detail of a 1758 map showing the fort's layout
Engraving after a 1609 drawing by Champlain of a Native American battle near Ticonderoga
A 1777 map depicting Lake Champlain and the upper Hudson River
Restored manuscript map, dated May 29, 1759, for the British plan of attack at the 1759 Battle of Ticonderoga
Daguerreotype of the ruins of Fort Ticonderoga
Ethan Allen, demanding that the fort be surrendered
Fort Ticonderoga as seen from Lake Champlain
John Trumbull's depiction of the Surrender of General Burgoyne at Saratoga
Thomas Cole's Gelyna, View near Ticonderoga
A view of the restored Fort Ticonderoga
Stamp issued in 1955 marking Fort Ticonderoga's 200th anniversary
Officers' barracks, right; soldiers' barracks, left
Inside the first wall; officers' barracks at left, soldiers' barracks at right
Store room and powder magazine (now Mars Education Center); soldiers' barracks at right
Front of the fort
View of the lake from the front
Back view of the fort

Fort Ticonderoga, formerly Fort Carillon, is a large 18th-century star fort built by the French at a narrows near the south end of Lake Champlain, in northern New York, in the United States.

George Clinton, namesake of Clinton County. First Governor of New York, Vice President under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, and representative of New York in the Continental Congress

Clinton County, New York

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County in the north-easternmost corner of the state of New York, in the United States and bordered by the Canadian province of Quebec.

County in the north-easternmost corner of the state of New York, in the United States and bordered by the Canadian province of Quebec.

George Clinton, namesake of Clinton County. First Governor of New York, Vice President under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, and representative of New York in the Continental Congress

Lake Champlain (along east border)