Latin translations of the 12th century
Latin translations of the 12th century were spurred by a major search by European scholars for new learning unavailable in western Europe at the time; their search led them to areas of southern Europe, particularly in central Spain and Sicily, which recently had come under Christian rule following their reconquest in the late 11th century.
- Latin translations of the 12th century94 related topics
Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world
Islamic astronomy comprises the astronomical developments made in the Islamic world, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age (9th–13th centuries), and mostly written in the Arabic language.
Islamic astronomy comprises the astronomical developments made in the Islamic world, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age (9th–13th centuries), and mostly written in the Arabic language.
Islamic astronomy played a significant role in the revival of Byzantine and European astronomy following the loss of knowledge during the early medieval period, notably with the production of Latin translations of Arabic works during the 12th century.
Ptolemy
Mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.
Mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.
Because of its reputation, it was widely sought and translated twice into Latin in the 12th century, once in Sicily and again in Spain.
Early Islamic philosophy
Period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE).
Period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE).
Saadia Gaon, David ben Merwan al-Mukkamas, Maimonides, and Thomas Aquinas, were influenced by the Mutazilite work, particularly Avicennism and Averroism, and the Renaissance and the use of empirical methods were inspired at least in part by Arabic translations of Greek, Jewish, Persian and Egyptian works translated into Latin during the Renaissance of the 12th century, and taken during the Reconquista in 1492.
Trigonometry
Branch of mathematics that studies relationships between side lengths and angles of triangles.
Branch of mathematics that studies relationships between side lengths and angles of triangles.
Knowledge of trigonometric functions and methods reached Western Europe via Latin translations of Ptolemy's Greek Almagest as well as the works of Persian and Arab astronomers such as Al Battani and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi.
Organon
Standard collection of Aristotle's six works on logic al analysis and dialectic, The name Organon was given by Aristotle's followers, the Peripatetics.
Standard collection of Aristotle's six works on logic al analysis and dialectic, The name Organon was given by Aristotle's followers, the Peripatetics.
The other logical works were not available in Western Christendom until translated into Latin in the 12th century.
Galen
Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire.
Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire.
From the 11th century onwards, Latin translations of Islamic medical texts began to appear in the West, alongside the Salerno school of thought, and were soon incorporated into the curriculum at the universities of Naples and Montpellier.
Ibn al-Haytham
Arab mathematician, astronomer, and physicist of the Islamic Golden Age.
Arab mathematician, astronomer, and physicist of the Islamic Golden Age.
![Hevelius's Selenographia, showing Alhasen [sic] representing reason, and Galileo representing the senses.](https://hyperleap.com/images/dc1d9699474678a2473423966176605d/200-0df32d37b90e60774964ccd3138fa8bc.jpg)
Optics was translated into Latin by an unknown scholar at the end of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th century.
One Thousand and One Nights
Collection of Middle Eastern folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age.
Collection of Middle Eastern folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age.
In the 12th century, this tale was translated into Latin by Petrus Alphonsi and included in his Disciplina Clericalis, alongside the "Sindibad" story cycle.
Book of Optics
Seven-volume treatise on optics and other fields of study composed by the medieval Arab scholar Ibn al-Haytham, known in the West as Alhazen or Alhacen (965–c.
Seven-volume treatise on optics and other fields of study composed by the medieval Arab scholar Ibn al-Haytham, known in the West as Alhazen or Alhacen (965–c.
The Book of Optics was translated into Latin by an unknown scholar at the end of the 12th (or the beginning of the 13th) century.
The Book of Healing
Scientific and philosophical encyclopedia written by Abu Ali ibn Sīna (aka Avicenna) from medieval Persia, near Bukhara in Maverounnahr.
Scientific and philosophical encyclopedia written by Abu Ali ibn Sīna (aka Avicenna) from medieval Persia, near Bukhara in Maverounnahr.
After the Latin translations of the 12th century, his writings on logic were also an important influence on Western medieval writers such as Albertus Magnus.