The enrollment of some students in the University of Bologna.
Cover page of a licentiate dissertation from Sweden

Upon competition of the licentiate degree the student may be eligible to apply for a postgraduate degree such as a master or doctorate.

- Licentiate (degree)

In some countries such as Finland and Sweden, there is the degree of Licentiate, which is more advanced than a master's degree but less so than a doctorate.

- Postgraduate education
The enrollment of some students in the University of Bologna.

4 related topics with Alpha

Overall

Bachelor's degree

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Undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years (depending on institution and academic discipline).

Undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years (depending on institution and academic discipline).

In some institutions and educational systems, certain bachelor's degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate educations after a first degree has been completed, although more commonly the successful completion of a bachelor's degree is a prerequisite for further courses such as a master's or a doctorate.

2) University students obtain an American equivalent bachelor's degree in their respective fields after completing four years of education, and a licenciatura licentiate degree completing one more year of studies (and meeting other requisites unique to each institution, it is common to write a dissertation on the professional field), this enables them to work as professionals in their chosen areas; for example, a Profesor en Enseñanza Secundaria ("Licentiate degree in secondary education") enables a person to work as a high school teacher. Currently, the trend is for universities not to offer a bachelor's degree and to offer instead a licentiate's or "ingeniero" degree after five years of education.

Meeting of doctors at the University of Paris (16th-century miniature)

Academic degree

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Qualification awarded to students upon successful completion of a course of study in higher education, usually at a college or university.

Qualification awarded to students upon successful completion of a course of study in higher education, usually at a college or university.

Meeting of doctors at the University of Paris (16th-century miniature)
Spanish Official University Education Legal Framework 02
Spanish Official University Education Legal Framework 01
The newly conferred bachelor's degree holders after graduation at King's College London, one of the founding colleges of the University of London

Since the Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications concerning Higher Education in the European Region in 1997 and the Bologna declaration in 1999, higher education systems in Europe are being harmonised through the Bologna process, based on a three-cycle hierarchy of degrees: Bachelor's/Licence – Master's – Doctorate, with the later addition of a "short cycle (within the first cycle)" to cover sub-bachelor's qualifications.

Master's degrees such as Master of Arts or Master of Science are typically awarded to students who have undertaken at least a year of full-time postgraduate study, which may be taught or involve an element of research.

A group of new PhD graduates with their professors

Doctor of Philosophy

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Most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study.

Most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study.

A group of new PhD graduates with their professors
A new PhD graduate from the University of Birmingham, wearing a doctor's bonnet, shakes hands with the Chancellor
A Yale University PhD diploma from 1861.
A South African PhD graduate (on right, wearing ceremonial gown)
PhD gown, University of Cambridge
PhD SPbSU certificate

Besides these degrees, there was the licentiate.

It was impossible for professors who were not approved by Berlin to train graduate students.

Master's degree

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Academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice.

Academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice.

Admission to a master's degree normally requires successful completion of study at bachelor's degree level either (for postgraduate degrees) as a stand-alone degree or (for integrated degrees) as part of an integrated scheme of study.

In Switzerland, the old Licence or Diplom (4 to 5 years in duration) is considered equivalent to the master's degree.