A report on Little Nemo (1911 film)

Little Nemo and the Princess ride away in the mouth of a dragon.
The comic strip Little Nemo in Slumberland is considered McCay's masterpiece (July 22, 1906).
Winsor McCay sketches three of his Little Nemo characters: Impie, Nemo, and Flip.

1911 silent animated short film by American cartoonist Winsor McCay.

- Little Nemo (1911 film)
Little Nemo and the Princess ride away in the mouth of a dragon.

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Gertie driven to tears by her master

Gertie the Dinosaur

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1914 animated short film by American cartoonist and animator Winsor McCay.

1914 animated short film by American cartoonist and animator Winsor McCay.

Gertie driven to tears by her master
Winsor McCay was a pioneer in comic strips and animation (1906 photo).
McCay used registration marks in the corners of the drawings to reduce jittering.
Preparing the thousands of drawings for the film, from the film's introduction
Advertisements educated audiences about dinosaurs.
McCay sketches Gertie for his colleagues in a live-action sequence made for the film's theatrical release, at the American Museum of Natural History.
The Sinking of the Lusitania (1918) required 25,000 drawings to be made over two years, and was McCay's first film to use acetate cels.
A Gertie-like dinosaur appeared in In the Land of Wonderful Dreams on [[:File:Winsor McCay - Little Nemo - In the Land of Wonderful Dreams - 1913-09-21 - Flip in the Land of the Antediluvians.jpeg|September 21, 1913]].
Gertie's ice cream stand at Disney's Hollywood Studios

Although Gertie is popularly thought to be the earliest animated film, McCay had earlier made Little Nemo (1911) and How a Mosquito Operates (1912).

Winsor McCay in 1906

Winsor McCay

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Zenas Winsor McCay (c.

Zenas Winsor McCay (c.

Winsor McCay in 1906
McCay grew up in Spring Lake, Michigan (red in left blowup of Ottawa County)
McCay did editorial cartoons early in his career (1899).
Nemo's bed takes a walk in the July 26, 1908, episode of Little Nemo in Slumberland.
Little Sammy Sneeze, September 24, 1905
The most successful of McCay's comic strips was Little Nemo September 9, 1907
Cover to the score of the extravagantly expensive Little Nemo stage musical, 1908
McCay in a scene from his first animated film, Little Nemo (1911)
McCay based How a Mosquito Operates (1912) on the June 5, 1909 episode of Dream of the Rarebit Fiend.
Gertie the Dinosaur (1913) was an interactive part of McCay's vaudeville act.
Hearst pressured McCay into giving up his comic strips and non-newspaper work to concentrate on editorial cartoons. "His Best Customer", 1917
The Sinking of the Lusitania (1918) required 25,000 drawings to be made over two years, and was McCay's first film to use acetate cels.
Editorial cartoon "Oblivion's Cave—Step Right In, Please" (March 19, 1922)
In 1927, McCay expressed his disappointment at the state of the animation industry at a dinner in his honor, where he was introduced by Max Fleischer (pictured).
McCay's son Robert, posing as Little Nemo in 1908
Walt Disney acknowledged his debt to McCay's example.
Mural of a Little Nemo in Slumberland comic in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio
Sigmund Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams (1914) contained a comic strip by Nándor Honti that resembled McCay's work.
McCay experimented with the formal elements of his strips, as when he had panels grow to accommodate a growing mushroom forest in a Little Nemo episode for October 22, 1905.
Pages from Images Enphantines displayed the same sort of formal playfulness as in McCay's work Rip, "Un projet téméraire", 1888

Little Nemo debuted in movie theatres on April 8, 1911, and four days later McCay began using it as part of his vaudeville act.

How a Mosquito Operates

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1912 silent animated film by American cartoonist Winsor McCay.

1912 silent animated film by American cartoonist Winsor McCay.

Winsor McCay had built a reputation for his drawing skills in his newspaper comic strips before pioneering in animation.
McCay based the film on the June 5, 1909, episode of his Dream of the Rarebit Fiend comic strip.

He delved into the emerging art of animation with the film Little Nemo (1911), and followed its success by adapting an episode of his comic strip Dream of the Rarebit Fiend into How a Mosquito Operates.

Nr. 10 in the reworked second series of Stampfer's stroboscopic discs published by Trentsensky & Vieweg in 1833.

Animation

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Method in which figures are manipulated to appear as moving images.

Method in which figures are manipulated to appear as moving images.

Nr. 10 in the reworked second series of Stampfer's stroboscopic discs published by Trentsensky & Vieweg in 1833.
A projecting praxinoscope, from 1882, here shown superimposing an animated figure on a separately projected background scene
Fantasmagorie (1908) by Émile Cohl
Italian-Argentine cartoonist Quirino Cristiani showing the cut and articulated figure of his satirical character El Peludo (based on President Yrigoyen) patented in 1916 for the realization of his films, including the world's first animated feature film El Apóstol.
An example of traditional animation, a horse animated by rotoscoping from Eadweard Muybridge's 19th-century photos.
A clay animation scene from a Finnish television commercial
A 2D animation of two circles joined by a chain
World of Color hydrotechnics at Disney California Adventure creates the illusion of motion using 1,200 fountains with high-definition projections on mist screens.

Other great artistic and very influential short films were created by Ladislas Starevich with his puppet animations since 1910 and by Winsor McCay with detailed drawn animation in films such as Little Nemo (1911) and Gertie the Dinosaur (1914).

Young Émile Cohl

Émile Cohl

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French caricaturist of the largely forgotten Incoherent Movement, cartoonist, and animator, called "The Father of the Animated Cartoon" and "The Oldest Parisian".

French caricaturist of the largely forgotten Incoherent Movement, cartoonist, and animator, called "The Father of the Animated Cartoon" and "The Oldest Parisian".

Young Émile Cohl
Cohl visiting Gill
Commemorative plaque at the Père-Lachaise Cemetery

It was probably in response to Fantasmagorie that Winsor McCay made Little Nemo (1911).

Nemo in bed, where he awoke at the end of each strip (here 11 February 1906)

Little Nemo

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Fictional character created by American cartoonist Winsor McCay.

Fictional character created by American cartoonist Winsor McCay.

Nemo in bed, where he awoke at the end of each strip (here 11 February 1906)
Flip, Nemo and Impie breaking the fourth wall by breaking apart the panel's outlines and eating the letters of the title.
Nemo and the Little Imp explore the city as giants September 9, 1907
McCay sized and placed panels to conform to the action they contained (November 25, 1905)
Winsor McCay's son Robert served as the model for Nemo.
Master Gabriel as the star of the 1908 Little Nemo musical
Mural of a Little Nemo in Slumberland comic in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio

In 1911 he completed his first film, Winsor McCay, the Famous Cartoonist of the N.Y. Herald and His Moving Comics (also known as Little Nemo), first in theatres and then as part of his vaudeville act.

A still from the film showing the RMS Lusitania engulfed in smoke after being torpedoed

The Sinking of the Lusitania

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American silent animated short film by cartoonist Winsor McCay.

American silent animated short film by cartoonist Winsor McCay.

A still from the film showing the RMS Lusitania engulfed in smoke after being torpedoed
German submarines torpedoed and sank the RMS Lusitania in 1915; the incident contributed to the U.S.'s entry into World War I.
An original cel from The Sinking of the Lusitania, signed by Winsor McCay
A German submarine spies on the Lusitania
William Randolph Hearst curbed McCay's animation work to focus his employee on editorial cartooning.

The film followed McCay's earlier successes in animation: Little Nemo (1911), How a Mosquito Operates (1912), and Gertie the Dinosaur (1914).

Redhead Betty Boop in Color Classic Poor Cinderella (1934)

History of animation

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Concerned with the development of the medium after the emergence of celluloid film in 1888, as produced for theatrical screenings, television and home entertainment.

Concerned with the development of the medium after the emergence of celluloid film in 1888, as produced for theatrical screenings, television and home entertainment.

Redhead Betty Boop in Color Classic Poor Cinderella (1934)
Disney and dwarfs in Snow White trailer.
Screenshot from 桃太郎 海の神兵 (Momotaro: Sacred Sailors) (1944)
铁扇公主 (Princess Iron Fan) (1941) screenshot
A yet unnamed Tweety debuting in A Tale of Two Kitties (1942)

Starting with a short 1911 film of his most popular character Little Nemo, successful newspaper cartoonist Winsor McCay gave much more detail to his hand-drawn animations than any animation previously seen in cinemas.

National Film Registry

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United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each selected for its historical, cultural and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB’s inception in 1988.

United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each selected for its historical, cultural and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB’s inception in 1988.

Winsor McCay: Little Nemo, Gertie the Dinosaur, The Sinking of the Lusitania