A report on Llano Estacado

The northern edge of the Llano Estacado in New Mexico
Caprock Escarpment south of Ralls, Texas
Agricultural land and canyons on the eastern side of the Llano Estacado
Wind turbines
Map of Texas counties with population density
Lubbock, Texas, the largest city on the Llano
A shot of downtown Amarillo, Texas
Midland, "The Tall City" of West Texas
Downtown Odessa

Region in the Southwestern United States that encompasses parts of eastern New Mexico and northwestern Texas.

- Llano Estacado

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Edwards Plateau

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Geographic region at the crossroads of Central, South, and West Texas.

Geographic region at the crossroads of Central, South, and West Texas.

Edwards Plateau terrain as seen from U.S. Route 277 between Del Rio and Sonora
Enchanted Rock near Fredericksburg by Hermann Lungkwitz, 1864, oil on canvas
San Saba River near Sloan, San Saba County (9 May 2014)
Wildflowers on ranchland, State Highway 965, Llano County (13 April 2012)
Llano River from County Road 320, Kimble County (17 April 2015)
Texas cooter (Pseudemys texana) and red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta), Colorado River, Travis County (12 April 2012)
The Guadalupe River in Kerr County (8 May 2014)
Ranchland with Texas bluebonnets (Lupinus texensis) in western Kerr County (17 April 2015)
Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) growing on the Guadalupe River, Kerr County (14 April 2012)
Ranchland in the Edwards Plateau, Mason County (17 April 2015)
Crevice spiny lizard (Sceloporus poinsettii), Mason County, Texas, USA (9 May 2014)
Highway 187 in the Edwards Plateau, Bandera County, Texas, USA (14 April 2012)
Limestone bluff, typical of the Edwards Plateau, Highway 336, Real County (14 Apr 2012)
Ranchland seen from Highway 336, Real County (14 April 2012)
Scarlet penstemon (Penstemon triflorus), endemic to the Edwards Plateau, Edwards County (18 April 2015)
Ranch road in southern Edwards County (18 April 2015).
Cedar Creek, Edwards County (18 April 2015)

It is bounded by the Balcones Fault to the south and east, the Llano Uplift and the Llano Estacado to the north, and the Pecos River and Chihuahuan Desert to the west.

Lubbock, Texas

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Lubbock

Lubbock

Lubbock has a large number of churches, including the downtown First Baptist congregation.
The Wells Fargo Building is the second-tallest building in Lubbock.
Cone grain elevator, north side of Lubbock
Panhandle-South Plains Fairgrounds
Lubbock's Silent Wings Museum at the former South Plains Army Airfield
Buddy and Maria Elena Holly Plaza
Joyland Amusement Park
Lubbock Post Office and Federal Building, constructed in 1932.
A Texas Tech Red Raiders football game
Entrance to Mackenzie Park
Lubbock High School
Texas Tech University
Downtown Lubbock seen from I-27
Lubbock Preston Smith International Airport

The city is in the northwestern part of the state, a region known historically and geographically as the Llano Estacado, and ecologically is part of the southern end of the High Plains, lying at the economic center of the Lubbock metropolitan area, which has an estimated population of 327,424 in 2020.

Francisco Vázquez Coronado in the Plaza Mayor de Salamanca

Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

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Spanish conquistador and explorer who led a large expedition from what is now Mexico to present-day Kansas through parts of the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542.

Spanish conquistador and explorer who led a large expedition from what is now Mexico to present-day Kansas through parts of the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542.

Francisco Vázquez Coronado in the Plaza Mayor de Salamanca
The Coronado Expedition (1540–1542) from Mexico north through the future U.S. states of Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.
Coronado Sets Out to the North (Frederic Remington, c. 1900)
The Coronado Expedition, 1540–1542 (DjVu format)
La conquista del Colorado, by Augusto Ferrer-Dalmau, depicts Coronado's 1540–1542 expedition.
Episode from the Conquest of America by Jan Mostaert (c. 1545), probably Vázquez de Coronado in New Mexico

With the Turk guiding him, Vázquez de Coronado and his army might have crossed the flat and featureless steppe called the Llano Estacado in the Texas Panhandle and Eastern New Mexico, passing through the present-day communities of Hereford and Canadian.

Comancheria prior to 1850.

Comancheria

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Region of New Mexico, west Texas and nearby areas occupied by the Comanche before the 1860s.

Region of New Mexico, west Texas and nearby areas occupied by the Comanche before the 1860s.

Comancheria prior to 1850.
Comancheria from 1770 to 1850.

It also included West Texas, the Llano Estacado, the Texas Panhandle, the Edwards Plateau (including the Texas Hill Country), Eastern New Mexico, western Oklahoma including the Oklahoma Panhandle and the Wichita Mountains, southeastern Colorado and southwestern Kansas.

Colorado River (Texas)

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Approximately 862 mi long river in the U.S. state of Texas.

Approximately 862 mi long river in the U.S. state of Texas.

Oblique air photo of the Colorado River where it crosses from Colorado County into Wharton County near Nada.
Pennybacker Bridge crossing the Lake Austin portion of the Colorado River
The Colorado River {{convert|5|mi|0|abbr=on}} from its source along the Caprock Escarpment, the border of Dawson and Borden County.
Colorado River under the Regency Suspension Bridge on the border of Mills and San Saba County
Scenic view of Colorado River meandering under a bridge overpass under State Highway 60 in Wharton
Scene on the Colorado River, Austin, Texas (postcard, {{circa|1907}})
A historical marker on US 90A between Eagle Lake and Altair explains the difficulty of navigating the lower Colorado River in the 1800s.
Old postcard of Bull Creek in Austin
Colorado River east of Columbus, Texas
Water reflections on sculpture falls

The Colorado River originates south of Lubbock, on the Llano Estacado near Lamesa.

Namak Lake, Qom Province, Iran

Dry lake

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Basin or depression that formerly contained a standing surface water body, which disappeared when evaporation processes exceeded recharge.

Basin or depression that formerly contained a standing surface water body, which disappeared when evaporation processes exceeded recharge.

Namak Lake, Qom Province, Iran
The Chott el Djerid in Tunisia
Salt harvesting in Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia, the world's largest salt flat
Sailing stone in Racetrack Playa
Playa in southwest Idaho, home to a number of rare species that occur nowhere else including Lepidium davisii (Davis' peppergrass) and Branchinecta raptor - a recently discovered giant fairy shrimp.
The Mosaic Company chemical plant processes brines from Searles Dry Lake to make such products as trona
Devil's Golf Course in Death Valley National Park, western United States
<center>The dry lake and shore of Lake Hart, an endorheic desert lake in South Australia.</center>
<center>A closeup photograph of salt growths on the crust of a dry lake.</center>
<center>Etosha pan in northern Namibia</center>

This term is used e.g. on the Llano Estacado and other parts of the Southern High Plains and is commonly used to address paleolake sediments in the Sahara like Lake Ptolemy.

Three Kiowa men, 1898

Kiowa

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Indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States.

Indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States.

Three Kiowa men, 1898
J.T. Goombi, former Kiowa tribal chairman and first vice-president of the National Congress of American Indians
Ledger drawing of mounted Kiowa hunters hunting pronghorn antelope with bows and lance, c.1875–1877.
Kiowa hunting elk on horseback, c. 1875–1877
Elk and Buffalo Grazing among Prairie Flowers 1846–48, painted by George Catlin in Texas.
Four Kiowa tipis with designs, 1904. Top L to R, bison herd and pipe-smoking deer; porcupines; bottom, L to R: arms and legs with pipes and lizard; mythical water monsters.
Ledger drawing of Kiowas engaging in horse mounted warfare with traditional enemy forces, 1875.
Ledger drawings by Silver Horn featuring a collection of Kiowa shield designs, 1904.
Ledger drawing depicting a meeting between a Kiowa–Comanche war party and a Pawnee war party (right side).
Calendar of 37 months, 1889–92, kept on a skin by Anko, ca. 1895
1865 Treaty Map
Sitting Bear, Kiowa chief
Guipago, Kiowa chief
Satanta, Kiowa chief
Big Tree, a Kiowa chief and warrior
The Southern Plains territory of the Kiowa Nation at the time of European contact (see text for migrations).
Red sandstone cliffs in the Black Hills Wyoming, former Kiowa territory which remains a sacred area to them in modern times.
Southern plains of the Llano Estacado in the Texas Panhandle.
Cut-Throat Massacre, 1833. A picture from the Dohasan winter count.
Ma-may-dayte
Donna Standing Steinberg, Kiowa–Wichita, and Josephine Parker, Kiowa, with their beadwork
<center>Kiowa ledger art, ca. 1874</center>
Lone Wolf, Kiowa chief, ca. 1907
Micah Wesley, 2008, enrolled Kiowa artist and DJ
<center>Kiowa parfleche, ca. 1890, Oklahoma History Center</center>
<center>Kiowa beaded moccasins, ca. 1920, OHS</center>
<center>Detail of painting by Silver Horn (Kiowa), ca. 1880</center>

Sálqáhyóp or Sálqáhyói (″Southerners″, lit. ′Hot People′, 'southern Kiowa', lived in the Llano Estacado (Staked Plains), Oklahoma Panhandle and Texas Panhandle, allies of the Comanche).

Quanah Parker, c. 1890

Quanah Parker

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Quanah Parker (Comanche kwana, "smell, odor") (c.

Quanah Parker (Comanche kwana, "smell, odor") (c.

Quanah Parker, c. 1890
Cynthia Ann Parker and her daughter, Topʉsana (Prairie Flower), in 1861
Quanah Parker on horseback wearing eagle feather headdress and holding a lance bottom-up.
Parker in December 1889 wearing European-American business attire
Quanah Parker photograph at Pioneer West Museum in Shamrock, Texas
Quanah Parker gravesite
The Quanah Parker Inn is located on U.S. Highway 287 at the west end of Quanah, Texas

Quanah Parker's was the last tribe of the Staked Plains or Llano Estacado to come to the reservation.

Portales, New Mexico

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City in and the county seat of Roosevelt County, New Mexico, United States.

City in and the county seat of Roosevelt County, New Mexico, United States.

Portales, 1904
High School Spirit Wall downtown

The surrounding area of eastern New Mexico is part of what came to be known in the colonial period during Spanish rule as the "Llano Estacado", an arid and treeless plateau bounded on the north and west by the Caprock Escarpment stretching south from the Canadian River and east along the Pecos River.

Big Spring, Texas

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City in and the county seat of Howard County, Texas, United States, at the crossroads of U.S. Highway 87 and Interstate 20.

City in and the county seat of Howard County, Texas, United States, at the crossroads of U.S. Highway 87 and Interstate 20.

Signal Peak located 10 mi to the southeast of Big Spring (Robert T. Hill, 1889)
Big Spring decorative sign
The "big spring" in Comanche Trail Park
Big Spring City Hall
Newly refurbished Settles Hotel
Big Spring Veterans Hospital
The picnic pavilion at Big Spring State Park was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s.
Scenic Mountain Medical Center serves the community.

Long used by regional inhabitants, both permanent and nomadic, with a large number of locally collected artifacts testifying to its heavy occupation, the spring sat astride the several branches of the later-developed Comanche War Trail as they converged on this important water hole from beyond Texas, coming south across the Northern Plains and the Llano Estacado.