MGM-31 Pershing

Pershing 1a launched from the Eastern Range, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Launch Complex 16 by C Battery, 3rd Battalion, 84th Field Artillery on 26 October 1976

Pershing missile (34.6 feet length, 460-mile range) and Redstone missile (69.3 feet length, 201-mile range)

Pershing round 32 launched from Hueco Range, Texas by A Battery, 2nd Battalion, 44th Field Artillery, targeted for White Sands Missile Range on 20 August 1963

Model of the Pegasus satellite launcher system

alt=missile carrier with partial missile|Missile carrier

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alt=Programmer Test Station and Power station on carrier|Programmer Test Station and Power station

alt=Radio Terminal Set on carrier|AN/TRC-80 Radio Terminal Set

alt=erect missile on launcher|Pershing 1a missile system

alt=Programmer Test Station and Power station on truck|Programmer Test Station and Power station

alt=Battery Control Central on truck|Battery Control Central

alt=soldier aiming Azimuth Reference System|Azimuth Reference System

The missile used in the Pershing 1 and Pershing 1a field artillery missile systems.

- MGM-31 Pershing

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Pershing II

Protest against the deployment of Pershing II missiles, The Hague, Netherlands, 1983

Pershing 1b during an Engineering Development shoot, January 1986

Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev and U.S. President Reagan signing the INF Treaty on 8 December 1987

Pershing rocket motor being destroyed by static burn, September 1988

Soldiers removing a motor from its container in an operation like the 1985 incident

Pershing II with the added ballistic shields

The Pershing II Weapon System was a solid-fueled two-stage medium-range ballistic missile designed and built by Martin Marietta to replace the Pershing 1a Field Artillery Missile System as the United States Army's primary nuclear-capable theater-level weapon.

PGM-11 Redstone

The first large American ballistic missile.

Redstone No. CC-56, Cape Canaveral, Florida, 17 September 1958

US Army field group erecting Redstone missile

Preparations on 16 May 1958 for the first Redstone launch on 17 May conducted by US Army troops. Battery A, 217th Field Artillery Missile Battalion, 40th Artillery Group (Redstone); Cape Canaveral, Florida; Launch Complex 5

Redstone trainer missile practice firing exercise by US Army troops of Battery A, 1st Missile Battalion, 333rd Artillery, 40th Artillery Group (Redstone); Bad Kreuznach, West Germany; August 1960

Redstone on display, Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute

Redstone rocket on display since 1971 at the Warren, New Hampshire Historical Society

National Museum of Nuclear Science & History display in Albuquerque, New Mexico

Redstone missile on display in Grand Central Terminal in New York, 7 July 1957

It was retired by the Army in 1964 and replaced by the solid-fueled MGM-31 Pershing.

Martin Marietta

American company founded in 1961 through the merger of Glenn L. Martin Company and American-Marietta Corporation.

MGM-31 Pershing

Cape Canaveral Space Force Station

Installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida.

A Bumper V-2 was the first missile launched at Cape Canaveral, on July 24, 1950.

Alan Shepard watches Gus Grissom's Liberty Bell 7 launch in the Mercury Control Center.

Redstone, Jupiter, Pershing 1, Pershing 1a, Pershing II, Polaris, Thor, Atlas, Titan and Minuteman missiles were all tested from the site, the Thor becoming the basis for the expendable launch vehicle (ELV) Delta rocket, which launched Telstar 1 in July 1962.

MGM-13 Mace

Ground-launched cruise missile developed from the earlier Martin TM-61 Matador.

Mace at Warner Robins Museum of Aviation, Georgia

Mace at Belleview Park in Englewood, Colorado

Mace was replaced by the MGM-31 Pershing missile by then Secretary of Defence Robert McNamara, and later in its role as a cruise missile for West Germany, by the BGM-109G Ground Launched Cruise Missile.

German Air Force

Aerial warfare branch of the Bundeswehr, the armed forces of Germany.

This Canadair CL-13 is preserved at the Military History Museum in Berlin.

One of 212 Panavia Tornado IDSs delivered to the Luftwaffe

A Luftwaffe Tornado ECR carrying an AGM-88-HARM missile during the air campaign over Kosovo in 1999

A Luftwaffe Eurofighter Typhoon (single-seater version)

A Luftwaffe Eurofighter Typhoon 30+68 with the painting "60 years of Luftwaffe", 2016

A German Air Force MIM-104 Patriot system

Luftwaffe Panavia Tornados at CFB Goose Bay

A preserved Fokker D.VII with the original-style Balkenkreuz of 1918

A Eurofighter Typhoon during exercise Frisian Flag

A CH-53G in flight over ILA Berlin, 2016

From 1965 through 1970, Missile Wings 1 and 2 fielded 16 Pershing 1 missile systems with nuclear warheads under U.S. Army custody.

Army Ballistic Missile Agency

Formed to develop the U.S. Army's first large ballistic missile.

Army troops prepare a Redstone missile. Like the V-2 it was based on, Redstone was relatively mobile.

Navaho's booster engines proved to be the only lasting success of the project.

Schriever felt the Army's offer to develop Jupiter for them was too good to be true, and the development of their own Thor would lead to many interservice fights.

Thor was designed from the start to be a countervalue weapon, aimed at Soviet cities. Unlike Jupiter, Thor was designed to be transported by aircraft, specifically the Douglas C-124 Globemaster II.

Secretary of Defense Wilson attempted to solve internecine fighting by canceling Army deployment of Jupiter; the launch of Sputnik 1 would cause many of his limitations on Army missile development to be removed.

Jupiter was von Braun's last military design while at ABMA. He would later combine fuel tanks from Jupiter and Redstone to build the Saturn I.

Initially called the Redstone-S (S for solid), the name was changed to MGM-31 Pershing and a contract was awarded to The Martin Company, beginning a program that lasted 34 years.

Schwäbisch Gmünd

City in the eastern part of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

The Old City Hall of Schwäbisch Gmünd as pictured in the city chronicle of Dominikus Debler.

The Münster as seen from the south window on the tower of the Johanniskirche

The east of the Church of Saint John as seen from the Markt Square

University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd main campus

Imperial Eagle and unicorn coat of arms on display at the city hall

From 1963 to November 1968, the United States Army's 56th Field Artillery Group, equipped with Pershing missiles, was headquartered at the Hardt Kaserne along with A and D batteries of the 4th Battalion, 41st Artillery.

Applied Physics Laboratory

Not-for-profit university-affiliated research center (UARC) in Howard County, Maryland.

Alan Stern celebrating the successful flyby of the Pluto system by New Horizons in 2015 in the APL Mission Operations Center.

In 1965, the US Army contracted with APL to develop and implement a test and evaluation program for the Pershing missile systems.

Redstone Arsenal

United States Army post and a census-designated place (CDP) adjacent to Huntsville in Madison County, Alabama, United States and is part of the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area.

RSA Headquarters (Bldg. 7101) with PGM-11 Redstone missile display

1940s munitions production at Huntsville Arsenal

RSA commander Maj. Gen. John Medaris, Wernher von Braun, and RSA deputy commander Brig. Gen. Holger Toftoy (left to right) in the 1950s

During his command, Medaris' operation also fielded the PGM-11 Redstone and MIM-23 Hawk missiles, accelerated the development of the Nike Zeus system, and began development of the MGM-31 Pershing missile system, which later played a role in ending the Cold War.