A report on Vermont, Maine and New Hampshire

The Old Constitution House at Windsor, where the Constitution of Vermont was adopted on July 8, 1777

Maine State House, designed by Charles Bulfinch, built 1829–1832

The historical coat of arms of New Hampshire, from 1876

A circa 1775 flag used by the Green Mountain Boys

Site of first house in New Hampshire, present mansion constructed in 1750, by Gov. W. B. Wentworth, New York Public Library

The gold leaf dome of the neoclassical Vermont State House (Capitol) in Montpelier

Misty Morning, Coast of MaineArthur Parton (1842–1914). Between 1865 and 1870, Brooklyn Museum.

1791 Act of Congress admitting Vermont into the Union

1922 map of New Hampshire published in the bulletin of the Brown Company in Berlin

Vermont in 1827. The county boundaries have since changed.

Köppen climate types of New Hampshire, using 1991-2020 climate normals.

Map of Vermont showing cities, roads, and rivers

Map of New Hampshire, with roads, rivers, and major cities

Köppen climate types of Maine, using 1991-2020 climate normals.

Mount Adams (5774 ft) is part of New Hampshire's Presidential Range.

Western face of Camel's Hump Mountain (elevation 4079 ft).

Lake Winnipesaukee and the Ossipee Mountains

Autumn leaves on many hardwood trees in New Hampshire turn colors, attracting many tourists

Köppen climate types of Vermont, using 1991–2020 climate normals.

Silurian and Devonian stratigraphy of Vermont

The hermit thrush, the state bird of Vermont

Maine blueberries. The U.S.'s only commercial producers of wild blueberries are located in Maine.

A proportional representation of Vermont exports, 2020

Largest reported ancestry groups in New Hampshire by town as of 2013. Dark purple indicates Irish, light purple English, pink French, turquoise French Canadian, dark blue Italian, and light blue German. Gray indicates townships with no reported data.

Fall foliage seen from Hogback Mountain, Wilmington

The Penobscot Narrows Bridge, carrying U.S. Route 1 and Maine State Route 3 over the Penobscot River

A southbound Downeaster passenger train at Ocean Park, Maine, as viewed from the cab of a northbound train

The New Hampshire State House in Concord

Treemap of the popular vote by county, 2016 presidential election

Saint Anselm College has held several national debates on campus.

The University of Maine is the state's only research university.

Dartmouth College before a debate in 2008

The Lyndon Institute, a high school in Lyndon, Vermont

Colby, Bates, and Bowdoin (pictured) Colleges form the Colby-Bates-Bowdoin Consortium

Manchester–Boston Regional Airport from the air

The University of Vermont
Old Mill, the oldest building of the university

College hockey being played at the Cross Insurance Center

Vermont welcome sign in Addison on Route 17 just over the New York border over the Champlain Bridge

Two moose in the Aroostook National Wildlife Refuge. The moose is Maine's state mammal.

Thompson Hall, at UNH, was built in 1892.

The Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant, in Vernon

The Vermont Supreme Court's building in Montpelier

Vermont towns hold a March town meeting for voters to approve the town's budget and decide other matters. Marlboro voters meet in this building.

Senators Bernie Sanders and Patrick Leahy and Representative Peter Welch greet supporters in 2017.

Vermontasaurus sculpture in Post Mills, in 2010

Party registration by county: (November 2020)

Maine is a state in the New England region of the United States, bordered by New Hampshire to the west; the Gulf of Maine to the southeast; and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and northwest, respectively.

- Maine

It borders the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.

- Vermont

It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north.

- New Hampshire

Maine's Moosehead Lake is the largest lake wholly in New England, since Lake Champlain is located between Vermont, New York and Québec.

- Maine

As of the 2010 census, Vermont was the second-whitest state in the U.S. after Maine.

- Vermont

12 related topics with Alpha

New England

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Indigenous territories, circa 1600 in present-day southern New England

Soldier and explorer John Smith coined the name "New England" in 1616.

A 1638 engraving depicting the Mystic massacre

An English map of New England c. 1670 depicts the area around modern Portsmouth, New Hampshire.

The New England Ensign, one of several flags historically associated with New England. This flag was reportedly used by colonial merchant ships sailing out of New England ports, 1686 – c. 1737.

New England's Siege of Louisbourg (1745) by Peter Monamy

The Slater Mill Historic Site in Pawtucket, Rhode Island

Bread and Roses Strike. Massachusetts National Guard troops surround unarmed strikers in Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1912.

Autumn in New England, watercolor, Maurice Prendergast, c.1910–1913

Cambridge, Massachusetts, has a high concentration of startups and technology companies.

A political and geographical map of New England shows the coastal plains in the southeast, and hills, mountains and valleys in the west and the north.

A portion of the north-central Pioneer Valley in Sunderland, Massachusetts

The White Mountains of New Hampshire are part of the Appalachian Mountains.

Montpelier, Vermont, is the smallest state capital in the United States.

Largest self-reported ancestry groups in New England. Americans of Irish descent form a plurality in most of Massachusetts, while Americans of English descent form a plurality in much of the central parts of Vermont and New Hampshire as well as nearly all of Maine.

World's largest Irish flag in Boston. People who claim Irish descent constitute the largest ethnic group in New England.

Southeastern New England is home to a number of Lusophone ethnic enclaves.

The Port of Portland in Portland, Maine, is the largest tonnage seaport in New England.

The Hartford headquarters of Aetna is housed in a 1931 Colonial Revival building.

Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant in Seabrook, New Hampshire

A New England town meeting in Huntington, Vermont

Flag of the New England Governor's Conference (NEGC)

Alumni Hall at Saint Anselm College has served as a backdrop for media reports during the New Hampshire primary.

New England is home to four of the eight Ivy League universities. Pictured here is Harvard Yard of Harvard University.

Phillips Exeter Academy and Phillips Academy are two prestigious New England secondary schools founded in the late 18th century

Flag of New England flying in Massachusetts. New Englanders maintain a strong sense of regional and cultural identity.

A classic New England Congregational church in Peacham, Vermont

Boston's Symphony Hall is the home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra—the second-oldest of the Big Five American symphony orchestras.

New England regionalist poet Robert Frost

Wes Anderson's Moonrise Kingdom is set on a fictional New England island and was largely filmed in Rhode Island

A Hartford Line Train at Hartford Union Station

The MBTA Commuter Rail serves eastern Massachusetts and parts of Rhode Island, radiating from downtown Boston, with planned service to New Hampshire. The CTrail system operates the Shore Line East and Hartford Line, covering coastal Connecticut, Hartford, and Springfield, Massachusetts.

Bill Russell and Red Auerbach of the Boston Celtics

The New England Patriots are the most popular professional sports team in New England.

The Middlebury College rowing team in the 2007 Head of the Charles Regatta

New England is a region comprising six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.

Massachusetts

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Most populous state in the New England region of the United States.

The Mayflower in Plymouth Harbor by William Halsall (1882). The Pilgrims founded Plymouth in 1620.

An illustration of the Battles of Lexington and Concord

John Adams, 2nd President of the United States (1797–1801)

Textile mills such as the one in Lowell made Massachusetts a leader in the Industrial Revolution.

John F. Kennedy, Massachusetts native and 35th President of the United States (1961–1963)

A portion of the north-central Pioneer Valley in South Deerfield

Massachusetts population density map. The centers of high-density settlement, from east to west, are Boston, Worcester, Springfield, and Pittsfield, respectively.

Saint Patrick's Day parade in Scituate, the municipality with the highest percentage identifying Irish ancestry in the United States, at 47.5% in 2010. Irish Americans constitute the largest ethnicity in Massachusetts.

Boston's Chinatown, with its paifang gate, is home to many Chinese and also Vietnamese restaurants.

Boston gay pride march, held annually in June. In 2004 Massachusetts became the first U.S. state to legalize same-sex marriage.

Built in 1681, the Old Ship Church in Hingham is the oldest church in America in continuous ecclesiastical use. Massachusetts has since become one of the most irreligious states in the U.S.

Towns in Massachusetts by combined mean SAT of their public high school district for the 2015–2016 academic year

The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, serving Greater Boston

Logan International Airport in Boston is the largest airport in New England in terms of passenger volume

Prominent roads and cities in Massachusetts

The Massachusetts State House, topped by its golden dome, faces Boston Common on Beacon Hill.

Charlie Baker (R), the 72nd Governor of Massachusetts

Boston Pride Parade, 2012. From left: Representative Joe Kennedy III, Senator Elizabeth Warren, and former representative Barney Frank.

The site of Henry David Thoreau's cabin at Walden Pond in Concord

Massachusetts has the largest population of the New England states. New Englander culture and identity remains strong in Massachusetts (Flag of New England pictured above).

An outdoor dance performance at Jacob's Pillow in Becket

USS Constitution fires a salute during its annual Fourth of July turnaround cruise

Map showing the average medicare reimbursement per enrollee for the counties in Massachusetts.

Gillette Stadium in Foxborough is the home venue for the New England Patriots (NFL) and the New England Revolution (MLS)

A 1779 five-shilling note issued by Massachusetts.

It borders on the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Maine to the east, Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south, New Hampshire and Vermont to the north and New York to the west.

In 1691, the colonies of Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth were united (along with present-day Maine, which had previously been divided between Massachusetts and New York) into the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

Abenaki

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Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands of Canada and the United States.

<center>Eastern Abenaki (Penobscot, Kennebec, Arosaguntacook, Pigwacket/Pequawket)</center>

Abenaki teepee with birch bark covering.

Flag of Missisquoi Abenaki Tribe, a state-recognized tribe in Vermont

Statue of Keewakwa Abenaki Keenahbeh in Opechee Park in Laconia, New Hampshire (standing at 36 ft.)

The Eastern Abenaki language was predominantly spoken in Maine, while the Western Abenaki language was spoken in Quebec, Vermont, and New Hampshire.

Wabanaki Confederacy

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North American First Nations and Native American confederation of four principal Eastern Algonquian nations: the Miꞌkmaq, Maliseet (Wolastoqey), Passamaquoddy (Peskotomahkati) and Penobscot.

Yellow - Miꞌkmaꞌki, Orange - Wolastokuk, Red - Peskotomuhkatik, Brown - Pαnawαhpskewahki, Cayenne - Ndakinna

The dots are the listed capitals, being political centers in Wabanaki.

The mixed region is territory outside of the historic ranges of the five tribes. It was acquired from the St.Lawrence Iroquois between 1541-1608 with Abenaki peoples having moved in by the time Samuel de Champlain came to the region establishing Quebec City.

1627 illustration of local people hunting on Pesamkuk (Mount Desert Island) by Mattheüs Merian

This Spanish chart of the Saint Lawrence River showing Wabanaki lands at the bottom, from ca. 1541, contains a legend in front of the "isla de Orliens" that says: "Here many French died of hunger"; possibly alluding to Cartier's second settlement in 1535–1536

Samuel de Champlain fighting on July 30, 1609, alongside the Western Abenaki in a successful battle against the Iroquois at Lake Champlain

Symbol of the Wabanaki Union of Tribes, still in use. It was originally embroidered onto the ceremonial clothing of sakoms.

Colorized photo of 1915 reproductions of Wabanaki wampum belts that would have been used for political matters.

Miꞌkmaꞌki: Divided into seven districts. Not shown is Taqamgug/Tagamuk, the eighth district that includes the entire island of Newfoundland.

Map of the campaigns during the King William's War.

Eastern Abenaki (Penobscot, Kennebec, Arosaguntacook, Pigwacket/Pequawket)

Western Abenaki (Arsigantegok, Missisquoi, Cowasuck, Sokoki, Pennacook

It is made up of most of present-day Maine in the United States, and New Brunswick, mainland Nova Scotia, Cape Breton Island, Prince Edward Island and some of Quebec south of the St. Lawrence River, Anticosti, and Newfoundland in Canada.

The Western Abenaki live on lands in Quebec as well as in Vermont, and New Hampshire within the United States.

Quebec

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One of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.

A depiction of Jacques Cartier by Théophile Hamel, 1844

Three Huron-Wyandot chiefs from Wendake. New France had largely peaceful relations with the Indigenous people, such as their allies the Huron. After the defeat of the Huron by their mutual enemy, the Iroquois, many fled from Ontario to Quebec.

Montcalm leading his troops into battle. Watercolour by Charles William Jefferys.

The Battle of Saint-Eustache was the final battle of the Lower Canada Rebellion.

George-Étienne Cartier, creator of the Quebec state and premier of Canada East

Maurice Duplessis, premier of Quebec from 1936 to 1939 and during the Grande Noirceur

"Maîtres chez nous" was the electoral slogan of the Liberal Party during the 1962 election.

René Lévesque, one of the architects of the Quiet Revolution, and the Premier of Quebec's first modern sovereignist government

Michel's falls on Ashuapmushuan River in Saint-Félicien, Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean

The seventeen administrative regions of Quebec.

The Édifice Ernest-Cormier is the courthouse for the Quebec Court of Appeal in Montreal

Map of aboriginal communities in Quebec, this includes reserves, settlements and northern villages.

The Institut national de la recherche scientifique helps to advance scientific knowledge and to train a new generation of students in various scientific and technological sectors.

Quebec's exports to the international market. The United States is the country which buys the most Québécois exports by far. (2011)

The Beauharnois generating station, operated by Hydro-Québec

A mockup of the Airbus A220 (formerly the Bombardier CSeries), originally developed by Bombardier Aerospace

The Château Frontenac is the most photographed hotel in the world.

In 1969, Héroux-Devtek designed and manufactured the undercarriage of the Apollo Lunar Module.

The ferry N.M. Camille-Marcoux, of the Société des traversiers du Québec

The show Dralion, Cirque du Soleil, introduced in 2004

La chasse-galerie (1906) by Henri Julien, showing a scene from a popular Quebec folk legend.

La Cavalière by Charles Daudelin, 1963, installed in front of the pavilion Gérard Morisset of the Quebec National Museum of Fine Arts in Quebec City

Maison Routhier in Sainte-Foy. This kind of Canadien-style house remains a symbol of Canadien nationalism.

A classic poutine from La Banquise in Montreal

The Montreal Canadiens at the Bell Centre

St-Jean-Baptiste Day celebrations at Maisonneuve park in Montréal

The Fleurdelisé flying at Place d'Armes in Montreal

The Province of Quebec from 1763 to 1783.

Lower Canada from 1791 to 1841. (Patriots' War in 1837, Canada East in 1841)

Quebec today. Quebec (in blue) has a border dispute with Labrador (in red).

Different forest areas of Quebec. 1. Middle Arctic Tundra
2. Low Arctic Tundra
3. Torngat Mountain Tundra
4. Eastern Canadian Shield Taiga
5. Southern Hudson Bay Taiga
6. Central Canadian Shield Forests
7. Eastern Canadian Forests
8. Eastern Forest/Boreal Transition
9. Eastern Great Lakes Lowland Forests
10. New England/Acadian Forests
11. Gulf of St. Lawrence Lowland Forests

Located in Central Canada, the province shares land borders with Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, New Brunswick to the southeast, and a coastal border with Nunavut; in the south it borders Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York in the United States.

English Americans

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English Americans, or Anglo-Americans, are Americans whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England.

England United States. Shows the first permanent English settlement of Jamestown in 1607.

Statue of John Smith for the first English settlement in Historic Jamestowne, Virginia.

The first self-governing document of Plymouth Colony. English Pilgrims signing the Mayflower Compact in 1620.

John Trumbull's famous painting, Declaration of Independence.

English language distribution in the United States.

American cultural icons, apple pie, baseball, and the American flag.

The First Thanksgiving at Plymouth Colony by English Pilgrims in October 1621.

Henry Chadwick’s early contributions to the development of the game is often called the "Father of Baseball".

The same 1909 data for each state (of the total European population only) of English ancestry were Connecticut 96.2%, Rhode Island 96.0%, Vermont 95.4%, Massachusetts 95.0%, New Hampshire 94.1%, Maine 93.1%, Virginia 85.0%, Maryland 84.0%, North Carolina 83.1%, South Carolina 82.4%, New York 78.2% and Pennsylvania 59.0%.

Battle of Norridgewock (1724): Death of Father Sebastian Rale

Dummer's War

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Also known as Father Rale's War, Lovewell's War, Greylock's War, the Three Years War, the Wabanaki-New England War, or the 4th Anglo-Abenaki War.

A New Map of the North Parts of America claimed by France under the names of Louisiana... in 1720 drawn by Herman Moll

Raid on Norridgewock (1722): Westbrook confiscates Father Rale's Strongbox

Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts William Dummer

The Father Rale memorial at the battle site in Madison, Maine

Monument of Chief Grey Lock in Battery Park (Burlington, Vermont)

The eastern theater of the war was located primarily along the border between New England and Acadia in Maine, as well as in Nova Scotia; the western theater was located in northern Massachusetts and Vermont at the border between Canada (New France) and New England.

On the first expedition in December 1724, he and his militia company of 30 men (often called "snowshoe men") left Dunstable, New Hampshire, trekking to the north of Lake Winnipesaukee ("Winnipiscogee Lake") into the White Mountains of New Hampshire.

Northeastern United States

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Geographical region of the United States.

New York, the most populous city in the Northeast and all of the United States

Philadelphia, the second most populous city in the Northeast and the sixth most populated city in the United States

Boston, the most populated city in Massachusetts and New England and the third most populated city in the Northeast

Embarkation of the Pilgrims, Robert Walter Weir (1857)

Penn's Treaty with the Indians, Benjamin West (1772)

The High Point Monument as seen from Lake Marcia at High Point, Sussex County, the highest elevation in New Jersey at 1803 ft above sea level

Cape Cod Bay, a leading tourist destination in Massachusetts

The Palisades along the Hudson River, New Jersey

U.S. Route 220 as it passes through Lamar Township, Pennsylvania

The vast area from central Virginia to northern Maine, and from western Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh) to the Atlantic Ocean, have all been loosely grouped into the Northeast at one time or another.

Using the United States Census Bureau's definition of the Northeast, the region includes nine states: they are Maine, New York, New Jersey, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania.

Irish Americans

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Irish Americans or Hiberno-Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánaigh) are Americans who have full or partial ancestry from Ireland.

Charles Carroll, the sole Catholic signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, was the descendant of Irish nobility in County Tipperary. Signers Matthew Thornton, George Taylor were born in Ireland and were "Ulster" Scots, while Thomas Lynch Jr., for example, was Protestant; he was of Irish ancestry and retained a strong Irish identity.

"Leacht Cuimhneacháin na nGael", Irish famine memorial located on Penn's Landing, Philadelphia

Thomas Ambrose Butler, an Irish Catholic priest, was a leading voice in urging Irish immigrants to colonize Kansas

Gravestone in Boston Catholic cemetery erected in memory of County Roscommon native born shortly before the Great Famine

Population density of people born in Ireland, 1870; these were mostly Catholics; the older Scots Irish immigration is not shown.

U.S. President Grover Cleveland twisting the tail of the British Lion as Americans cheer in the Venezuelan crisis of 1895; cartoon in Puck by J.S. Pughe

American political cartoon by Thomas Nast titled "The Usual Irish Way of Doing Things", depicting a drunken Irishman lighting a powder keg and swinging a bottle. Published 2 September 1871 in Harper's Weekly

The Orange riot of 1871 as depicted in Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The view is at 25th Street in Manhattan looking south down Eighth Avenue.

St. Augustine's Church on fire. Anti-Irish, anti-Catholic Nativist riots in Philadelphia in 1844.

The mass hanging of Irish Catholic soldiers who joined the Mexican army

Officers and men of the Irish-Catholic 69th New York Volunteer Regiment attend church services at Fort Corcoran in 1861.

Irish immigrants in Kansas City, Missouri, c. 1909

1862 song that used the "No Irish Need Apply" slogan. It was copied from a similar London song.

New York Times want ad 1854—the only New York Times ad with NINA for men.

1882 illustration from Puck depicting Irish immigrants as troublemakers, as compared to those of other nationalities

The Philadelphia Phillies started the tradition of wearing green uniforms on St. Patrick's day.

Two Irish stars: "Gentleman Jim" Corbett licks John L. Sullivan in 1892

Actor Tom Cruise descends from paternal Irish ("Cruise" and "O'Mara") lineage around County Dublin.

Irish Republican mural in South Boston, Massachusetts

The Chicago River, dyed green for the 2005 St. Patrick's Day celebration

1928 Democratic Presidential Nominee Al Smith was the first Irish Catholic nominee of a major political party.

Distribution of Irish Americans according to the 2000 Census

President John F. Kennedy in motorcade in Cork on June 27, 1963

President Ronald Reagan speaking to a large crowd in his ancestral home in Ballyporeen, Ireland, in 1984.

President Barack Obama greets local residents on Main Street in Moneygall, Ireland, May 23, 2011.

Regionally, the most Irish American states are Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, Vermont, Rhode Island, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut, according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey in 2013.

Province of New Hampshire

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Colony of England and later a British province in North America.

In 1776 the province established an independent state and government, the State of New Hampshire, and joined with twelve other colonies to form the United States.

These disputes resulted in the eventual formation of the Vermont Republic and the US state of Vermont.

Permanent English settlement began after land grants were issued in 1622 to John Mason and Sir Ferdinando Gorges for the territory between the Merrimack and Sagadahoc (Kennebec) rivers, roughly encompassing present-day New Hampshire and western Maine.