A report on Mapuche
The Mapuche ( (Mapuche & Spanish: )) are a group of indigenous inhabitants of present-day south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of present-day Patagonia.
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Chile
15 linksCountry in the western part of South America.
Country in the western part of South America.
Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule, but failing to conquer the independent Mapuche who inhabited what is now south-central Chile.
Mapuche language
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Mapuche (, or Mapudungun, Mapuche & Spanish: ; from mapu 'land' and dungun 'speak, speech') is an Araucanian language related to Huilliche spoken in south-central Chile and west central Argentina by the Mapuche people (from mapu 'land' and che 'people').
Patagonia
9 linksPatagonia refers to a geographical region that encompasses the southern end of South America, governed by Argentina and Chile.
Patagonia refers to a geographical region that encompasses the southern end of South America, governed by Argentina and Chile.
A theory postulated by chronicler José Pérez García explains this holding that the Cuncos (also known as Veliches) settled in Chiloé Island in Pre-Hispanic times as consequence of a push from more northern Huilliches who in turn were being displaced by Mapuches.
Arauco War
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The Arauco War was a long-running conflict between colonial Spaniards and the Mapuche people, mostly fought in the Araucanía.
Valdivia
11 linksCity and commune in southern Chile, administered by the Municipality of Valdivia.
City and commune in southern Chile, administered by the Municipality of Valdivia.
The Huilliche and Mapuche were both referred to by the Spaniards as Araucanos.
Conquest of Chile
9 linksPeriod in Chilean historiography that starts with the arrival of Pedro de Valdivia to Chile in 1541 and ends with the death of Martín García Óñez de Loyola in the Battle of Curalaba in 1598, and the destruction of the Seven Cities in 1598–1604 in the Araucanía region.
Period in Chilean historiography that starts with the arrival of Pedro de Valdivia to Chile in 1541 and ends with the death of Martín García Óñez de Loyola in the Battle of Curalaba in 1598, and the destruction of the Seven Cities in 1598–1604 in the Araucanía region.
However the largest indigenous population were the Mapuches living south of the Inca borders in the area spanning from the Itata River to Chiloé Archipelago.
Occupation of Araucanía
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The Occupation of Araucanía or Pacification of Araucanía (1861–1883) was a series of military campaigns, agreements and penetrations by the Chilean army and settlers into Mapuche territory which led to the incorporation of Araucanía into Chilean national territory.
Chiloé Archipelago
11 linksGroup of islands lying off the coast of Chile, in the Los Lagos Region.
Group of islands lying off the coast of Chile, in the Los Lagos Region.
A theory postulated by chronicler José Pérez García holds that the Cuncos settled in Chiloé Island in Pre-Hispanic times as consequence of a push from more northern Huilliches, who in turn were being displaced by Mapuches.
Argentina
7 linksCountry in the southern half of South America.
Country in the southern half of South America.
The second group are advanced hunters and food gatherers which include the Puelche, Querandí and Serranos in the centre-east; and the Tehuelche in the south—all of them conquered by the Mapuche spreading from Chile—and the Kom and Wichi in the north.
Caupolicán
7 linksCaupolicán (meaning ‘polished flint’ (queupu) or ‘blue quartz stone’ (Kallfulikan) in Mapudungun) was a toqui or war leader of the Mapuche people, who led the resistance of his people against the Spanish Conquistadors who invaded the territory of today's Chile during the sixteenth century.