A report on Meditation

Man Meditating in a Garden Setting
The āsana in which Mahavira is said to have attained omniscience
Bodhidharma practicing zazen
A statue of Patañjali practicing dhyana in the Padma-asana at Patanjali Yogpeeth.
"Gathering the Light", Taoist meditation from The Secret of the Golden Flower
Saint Pio of Pietrelcina stated: "Through the study of books one seeks God; by meditation one finds Him."
Whirling dervishes
Meditation. Alexej von Jawlensky, oil on cardboard, 1918
Meditating in Madison Square Park, New York City
Young children practicing meditation in a Peruvian school

Practice in which an individual uses a technique – such as mindfulness, or focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity – to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable state.

- Meditation
Man Meditating in a Garden Setting

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First edition

Passage Meditation

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Book by Eknath Easwaran, originally published in 1978 with the title Meditation.

Book by Eknath Easwaran, originally published in 1978 with the title Meditation.

First edition
First edition

The book describes a meditation program, also now commonly referred to as Passage Meditation.

Acem Meditation

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Acem Meditation is a meditation technique developed in Norway since 1966 by the Acem School of Meditation and is now taught in many countries.

1975 edition

The Relaxation Response

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Book written in 1975 by Herbert Benson, a Harvard physician, and Miriam Z. Klipper.

Book written in 1975 by Herbert Benson, a Harvard physician, and Miriam Z. Klipper.

1975 edition

The scientific characterization of the relaxation response was initially prompted by research studies on Transcendental Meditation ("TM"), a yogic meditation technique, that was presented primarily to people in the Western world.

Jiddu Krishnamurti in the 1920s

Jiddu Krishnamurti

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Philosopher, speaker and writer.

Philosopher, speaker and writer.

Jiddu Krishnamurti in the 1920s
House in Madanapalle, in which Jiddu Krishnamurti was born
Krishnamurti in 1910
Krishnamurti by Tomás Povedano
Krishnamurti in England in 1911 with his brother Nitya and the Theosophists Annie Besant and George Arundale
Krishnamurti in the early 1920s
Krishnamurti on a 1987 stamp of India
KFI retreat session at Rishi Valley on 2019 November 17 Padmanabhan Krishna addressing the gathering, with Radhika Herzberger presiding
Jiddu Krishnamurthy House at Madanapalle in which Jiddu Krishnamurti was born, being used as Study Center.

His interests included psychological revolution, the nature of mind, meditation, holistic inquiry, human relationships, and bringing about radical change in society.

S. N. Goenka with his wife while speaking at a talk on Values in Education - Good Governance through Vipassana Meditation

S. N. Goenka

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S. N. Goenka with his wife while speaking at a talk on Values in Education - Good Governance through Vipassana Meditation
Pagoda at Dhamma Giri Meditation Centre, Igatpuri, which was founded by Goenka in 1976.
The entrance to the Prachinburi Vipassana Meditation Centre, Thailand.
The main Dhamma hall in the Prachinburi Vipassana Meditation Center, Thailand.
Global Vipassana Pagoda, Mumbai

Satya Narayana Goenka (ISO 15919: Satyanārāyaṇ Goyankā; ; 29 January 1924 – 29 September 2013) was an Indian teacher of Vipassanā meditation.

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Theta wave

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Theta waves generate the theta rhythm, a neural oscillation in the brain that underlies various aspects of cognition and behavior, including learning, memory, and spatial navigation in many animals.

Theta waves generate the theta rhythm, a neural oscillation in the brain that underlies various aspects of cognition and behavior, including learning, memory, and spatial navigation in many animals.

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The sample of mouse EEG. Theta rhythm is prominent during part of awaking and REM sleep

Meditation has been shown to increase theta power.

Cover of 10th Anniversary edition, 2002

The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying

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Presentation of the teachings of Tibetan Buddhism based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead or Bardo Thodol.

Presentation of the teachings of Tibetan Buddhism based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead or Bardo Thodol.

Cover of 10th Anniversary edition, 2002

The book explores: the message of impermanence; evolution, karma and rebirth; the nature of mind and how to train the mind through meditation; how to follow a spiritual path in this day and age; the practice of compassion; how to care for and show love to the dying, and spiritual practices for the moment of death.

Development of the immortal embryo in the lower dantian of the Daoist cultivator.

Neidan

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Array of esoteric doctrines and physical, mental, and spiritual practices that Taoist initiates use to prolong life and create an immortal spiritual body that would survive after death.

Array of esoteric doctrines and physical, mental, and spiritual practices that Taoist initiates use to prolong life and create an immortal spiritual body that would survive after death.

Development of the immortal embryo in the lower dantian of the Daoist cultivator.
Chinese woodblock illustration of neidan "Putting the miraculous elixir on the ding tripod", 1615 Xingming guizhi 性命圭旨 (Pointers on Spiritual Nature and Bodily Life)
Chinese woodblock illustration of neidan "Cleansing the heart-mind and retiring into concealment", 1615 Xingming guizhi 性命圭旨 (Pointers on Spiritual Nature and Bodily Life)
Neidan practice

Neidan shares a significant portion of its notions and methods with classical Chinese medicine, fangshi and with other bodies of practices, such as meditation and the methods for "nourishing life" (yangsheng).

Head in white marble. The identification as Plotinus is plausible but not proven.

Plotinus

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Neoplatonic philosopher likely to have been born in Lycopolis (modern day Asyut), Roman Egypt, and is regarded by contemporary scholarship as the founder of neoplatonism.

Neoplatonic philosopher likely to have been born in Lycopolis (modern day Asyut), Roman Egypt, and is regarded by contemporary scholarship as the founder of neoplatonism.

Head in white marble. The identification as Plotinus is plausible but not proven.
Ruins of a Roman theatre in modern day Minturnae (Minturno). Plotinus sometimes stayed with Zethus, his doctor and close friend, at his estate near Minturnae.
Portrait in marble of the mid-3rd century Roman emperor Gallienus, located in the Altes Museum, Berlin. Plotinus was a close friend of Gallienus and his wife, the Roman empress Salonina.

Henosis for Plotinus was defined in his works as a reversing of the ontological process of consciousness via meditation (in the Western mind to uncontemplate) toward no thought (Nous or demiurge) and no division (dyad) within the individual (being).

Dervish with a lion and a tiger, Mughal painting, c. 1650

Dervish

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Dervish, Darvesh, or Darwīsh (from, Darvīsh) in Islam can refer broadly to members of a Sufi fraternity (tariqah), or more narrowly to a religious mendicant, who chose or accepted material poverty.

Dervish, Darvesh, or Darwīsh (from, Darvīsh) in Islam can refer broadly to members of a Sufi fraternity (tariqah), or more narrowly to a religious mendicant, who chose or accepted material poverty.

Dervish with a lion and a tiger, Mughal painting, c. 1650
Ottoman Dervish portrayed by Amedeo Preziosi, 1860s circa, Muzeul Naţional de Artă al României
Whirling dervishes, Rumi Fest 2007
The dance of the dervishes, Athens, Ottoman Greece, by Dodwell
A Mahdist Dervish from Sudan (1899)
Dervish Azerbaijani rug, XIX c. Tabriz school, State Museum of Azerbaijan Carpet and Applied Art
Ottoman Dervishes portrayed by Amedeo Preziosi in Istanbul, 1857
A Qajar-era Persian dervish, seen here from an 1873 depiction of Tehran's Grand Bazaar
An Ottoman Dervish in Istanbul, 1878
Dervishes photographed by William H. Rau near Damascus, circa 1903
A Palestinian Dervish in 1913
Muhammad Ahmad al-Mahdi, leader of the Sudanese Dervishes
Sufi kashkuls were often made from a coco de mer which ordinary beggars would have difficulty to find
Kashkul, or Beggar’s Bowl, with Portrait of Dervishes and a Mounted Falconer, A.H. 1280. Brooklyn Museum
A Gathering of Dervishes in the Mughal Empire
A family of Dervishes, possibly by Antoin Sevruguin (between 1876 and 1925)
The dance of the dervishes, Athens
Sufi dervishes in Omdurman, Sudan
Sayyid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, head of Darawiish
right|A Sheikh of the Rifa'i Sufi Order

They practice meditation, as is the case with most of the Sufi orders in South Asia, many of whom owe allegiance to, or were influenced by, the Chishti order.