Member of parliament

The U.S. House of Representatives, one example of representative democracy

Representative in parliament of the people who elect them.

- Member of parliament

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Caucus

Meeting of supporters or members of a specific political party or movement.

Lewis Carroll mocked the futility of caucuses in "A Caucus-Race and a Long Tale", Chapter 3 of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865): when the "Caucus-race" of running in a circle stops, everyone is declared a winner by the Dodo and Alice is told to hand out prizes to all others, receiving her own thimble as her prize.
Precincts from Washington State's 46th Legislative District caucus in a school lunchroom (2008).
"Farewell to the Caucus": 1886 cartoon of Francis Schnadhorst, Secretary of the UK National Liberal Federation, leaving Birmingham for London following the split in the party over Irish Home Rule. His luggage includes a scroll marked "Caucus", several string puppets, and a box of "wire pulling machinery", all in allusion to his reputation as a backstage political manager.

It has spread to certain Commonwealth countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa, where it generally refers to a regular meeting of all members of Parliament who belong to a parliamentary party: in such a context, a party caucus can be quite powerful, as it has the ability to elect or dismiss the party's parliamentary leader.

Parliamentary system

System of democratic governance of a state where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which it is accountable.

The Palace of Westminster in London, United Kingdom. The Westminster system originates from the British Houses of Parliament.
The Reichstag Building in Berlin, Germany. The Consensus system is used in most Western European countries.
Parliament of Canada
Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban, parliament building of Bangladesh
Sansad Bhavan, parliament building of India
Council of Representatives of Iraq
Knesset of Israel in Jerusalem
Parliament of Malaysia
National Assembly of Armenia
The administrative building of the Albanian Parliament
The Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of Spanish Parliament
Parliament of Australia
Parliament of New Zealand

Countries with parliamentary systems may be constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the head of state while the head of government is almost always a member of parliament, or parliamentary republics, where a mostly ceremonial president is the head of state while the head of government is regularly from the legislature.

Parliamentary group

Group consisting of members of the same political party or electoral fusion of parties in a legislative assembly such as a parliament or a city council.

The members of political parties coordinate to collectively achieve and use political power.

In the United Kingdom Parliament there exist associations of MPs called "all-party parliamentary groups", which bring together members of different parliamentary groups who wish to involve themselves with a particular subject.

President of Bangladesh

Head of state of Bangladesh and commander-in-chief of the Bangladesh Armed Forces.

Bangabhaban, official residence of the president, located at Dhaka.
Uttara Ganabhaban, the official retreat of the president located in North Bengal.
President Guard Regiment, responsible for the security of the president.
Special Security Force, provide physical security to the president and prime minister.
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Boeing 777-300ER, main presidential aircraft used by the president.
{{center|Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar

Although presidential elections involve actual voting by MPs, they tend to vote for the candidate supported by their respective parties.

Jatiya Sangsad

Supreme legislative body of Bangladesh.

Legislative complex in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar
Parliamentary constituencies in Bangladesh
Sangsad assembly hall

The maximum strength of the Parliament envisaged by the Constitution of Bangladesh is 350, which is made up by the general election of 300 members to represent 300 parliamentary constituencies and 50 seats reserved for women, which are apportioned on elected party position in the parliament.

Member of the Legislative Assembly

Representative elected by the voters of a constituency to a legislative assembly.

National and supranational representatives from electoral districts typically have offices in their respective districts. This photo shows the office of a Member of Parliament in the UK.

Members of the Legislative Assembly use the suffix MP instead of MLA in the states of New South Wales and Queensland.

Member of Provincial Parliament (Canada)

Elected member of the Legislative Assembly of the Canadian province of Ontario.

The southern facade of the Ontario Legislative Building, the meeting place for the Legislative Assembly of Ontario.

In 1938, Frederick Fraser Hunter, the Member for St. Patrick, introduced a private member's bill to designate members with the title Member of Parliament (MP), arguing that the titles of MPP or MLA were confusing, inaccurate, and undignified.

Parliament of Canada

Federal legislature of Canada, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, and is composed of three parts: the monarch, the Senate, and the House of Commons.

The Queen of Canada
The Senate
The House of Commons
Usher of the black rod, Kevin S. MacLeod, before the thrones in the Senate chamber, 2009
Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip at the opening of Parliament, 14 October 1957
King George VI, with Queen Elizabeth, grants Royal Assent to bills in the Senate chamber, 1939
The burning of the Parliament in Montreal, 1849
The first session of the House of Commons in its temporary location at the Victoria Memorial Museum, 18 March 1918

Only those who sit in the House of Commons are usually called members of Parliament (MPs); the term is not usually applied to senators (except in legislation, such as the Parliament of Canada Act), even though the Senate is a part of Parliament.

Teachta Dála

Member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas (the Irish Parliament).

The distribution of the Irish language in 1871

It is the equivalent of terms such as Member of Parliament (MP) or Member of Congress used in other countries.

Member of Congress

Person who has been appointed or elected and inducted into an official body called a congress, typically to represent a particular constituency in a legislature.

Meeting in the Hall of Knights in The Hague during the Congress of Europe, 1948

The term member of parliament (MP) is an equivalent term in other, unaffiliated jurisdictions.