Memory address
Reference to a specific memory location used at various levels by software and hardware.
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Processor register
Quickly accessible location available to a computer's processor.
Quickly accessible location available to a computer's processor.
In computer architecture, registers are typically addressed by mechanisms other than main memory, but may in some cases be assigned a memory address e.g. DEC PDP-10, ICT 1900.
Virtual memory
Memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" which "creates the illusion to users of a very large memory".
Memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" which "creates the illusion to users of a very large memory".
The computer's operating system, using a combination of hardware and software, maps memory addresses used by a program, called virtual addresses, into physical addresses in computer memory.
Bus (computing)
Communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.
Communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.
A microprocessor conventionally is a single chip which has a number of electrical connections on its pins that can be used to select an "address" in the main memory and another set of pins to read and write the data stored at that location.
Machine code
Any low-level programming language, consisting of machine language instructions, which are used to control a computer's central processing unit .
Any low-level programming language, consisting of machine language instructions, which are used to control a computer's central processing unit .
While it is possible to write programs directly in machine code, managing individual bits and calculating numerical addresses and constants manually is tedious and error-prone.
Word (computer architecture)
Natural unit of data used by a particular processor design.
Natural unit of data used by a particular processor design.
The largest possible address size, used to designate a location in memory, is typically a hardware word (here, "hardware word" means the full-sized natural word of the processor, as opposed to any other definition used).
Physical address
In computing, a physical address (also real address, or binary address), is a memory address that is represented in the form of a binary number on the address bus circuitry in order to enable the data bus to access a particular storage cell of main memory, or a register of memory-mapped I/O device.
Computer data storage
Technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data.
Technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data.
The CPU firstly sends a number through an address bus, a number called memory address, that indicates the desired location of data.
32-bit computing
32-bit microcomputers are microcomputers that use 32-bit microprocessors.
32-bit microcomputers are microcomputers that use 32-bit microprocessors.
One important consequence is that a processor with 32-bit memory addresses can directly access at most 4 GiB of byte-addressable memory (though in practice the limit may be lower).
8-bit computing
In computer architecture, 8-bit integers or other data units are those that are 8 bits wide (1 octet).
In computer architecture, 8-bit integers or other data units are those that are 8 bits wide (1 octet).
Memory addresses (and thus address buses) for 8-bit CPUs are generally larger than 8-bit, usually 16-bit.
64-bit computing
In computer architecture, 64-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 64 bits wide.