Miltefosine

Miltefosine, sold under the trade name Impavido among others, is a medication mainly used to treat leishmaniasis and free-living amoeba infections such as Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris.

Some possible medications used for visceral disease include liposomal amphotericin B, a combination of pentavalent antimonials and paromomycin, and miltefosine.

This includes the three forms of leishmaniasis: cutaneous, visceral and mucosal. Miltefosine is primarily used for the treatment of visceral and New World cutaneous leishmaniasis, and is undergoing clinical trials for this use in several countries.

Miltefosine is the first oral treatment for this disease.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.

Miltefosine, sold under the trade name Impavido among others, is a medication mainly used to treat leishmaniasis and free-living amoeba infections such as Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris.

Miltefosine, an antiparasitic drug which inhibits the pathogen via disrupting its cell survival signal pathway PI3K/Akt/mTOR, has been used in a few cases with mixed results.

In 1992 a new research was reported in which the compound was highly effective in mouse against different life cycle stages of different Leishmania species, and in fact, more potent than the conventional sodium stibogluconate therapy by a factor of more than 600.

Some combination of miltefosine, paramycin and liposomal amphotericin B, however, may be recommended due to issues with resistance.

It has orphan drug status in the United States for acanthamoeba keratitis and primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).

In 2013, the two most recent successfully treated cases in the United States utilized drug combinations that included the medication miltefosine as well as targeted temperature management to manage cerebral edema that is secondary to the infection.

The compound was effective against Leishmania donovani amastigotes in cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages at a dose of 12.8 mg/kg/day in a five-day course.

In 1999 an anticancer drug miltefosine was demonstrated to be highly effective (95% cure rate) among Indian patients.

The HIV protein Tat activates pro-survival PI3K/Akt pathway in primary human macrophages.

Miltefosine is approved for leishmaniasis and under investigation for other indications including HIV.

Miltefosine, sold under the trade name Impavido among others, is a medication mainly used to treat leishmaniasis and free-living amoeba infections such as Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris.

Miltefosine, sold under the trade name Impavido among others, is a medication mainly used to treat leishmaniasis and free-living amoeba infections such as Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris.

This includes the three forms of leishmaniasis: cutaneous, visceral and mucosal. Miltefosine is primarily used for the treatment of visceral and New World cutaneous leishmaniasis, and is undergoing clinical trials for this use in several countries.

It may be used with liposomal amphotericin B or paromomycin.

It may be used with liposomal amphotericin B or paromomycin.

Common side effects include vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, headaches, and decreased kidney function.

Common side effects include vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, headaches, and decreased kidney function.

Common side effects include vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, headaches, and decreased kidney function.

More severe side effects may include Stevens-Johnson syndrome or low blood platelets.

More severe side effects may include Stevens-Johnson syndrome or low blood platelets.

Use during pregnancy appears to cause harm to the baby and use during breastfeeding is not recommended.

Use during pregnancy appears to cause harm to the baby and use during breastfeeding is not recommended.

Miltefosine was first made in the early 1980s and studied as a treatment for cancer.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.

In the developing world a course of treatment costs US$65 to $150.

In the developed world treatment may be 10 to 50 times greater.

Miltefosine is primarily used for the treatment of visceral and New World cutaneous leishmaniasis, and is undergoing clinical trials for this use in several countries.