A report on National Guard (United States)

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1953 postage stamp
Seal of the National Guard Bureau, 2013 to present
Army National Guard soldiers at New York City's Penn Station in 2004
First muster of the East Regiment (present-day Massachusetts Army National Guard) in Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony, Spring 1637
A National Guardsman in 1917
Following the 1992 Los Angeles riots, 4,000 National Guardsmen patrolled the city.
The National Guard Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C.
A South Carolina Army National Guard CH-47 Chinook supporting the South Carolina Forestry Commission to contain a remote fire near the top of Pinnacle Mountain in Pickens County, South Carolina, November 17, 2016
An Army National Guardsman of the 1st Battalion, 151st Infantry Regiment in Parun, Afghanistan. Note that he is wearing a 10th Mountain Division Former Wartime Service SSI.
A National Guardsman guarding the World War II Memorial in Washington, D.C. during the George Floyd protests, June 2020.

State-based military force that becomes part of the reserve components of the United States Army and the United States Air Force when activated for federal missions.

- National Guard (United States)
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Seal of the Army National Guard

Army National Guard

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Organized militia force and a federal military reserve force of the United States Army.

Organized militia force and a federal military reserve force of the United States Army.

Seal of the Army National Guard
Shoulder sleeve insignia of the 47th Infantry Division, inactivated in 1991
Shoulder sleeve insignia of the 50th Armored Division, inactivated in 1993
National Guard Bureau organizational chart depicting command and reporting relationships
Army National Guard staff organizational chart
Chief of the National Guard Bureau Gen. Daniel R. Hokanson administers the oath of office to Lt. Gen. Jon A. Jensen as the 22nd director of the Army National Guard on Monday, Aug. 10, 2020 at the Temple Army National Guard Readiness Center in Arlington, Virginia.

They are simultaneously part of two different organizations: the Army National Guard of each state, most territories, and the District of Columbia (also referred to as the Militia of the United States), and the Army National Guard of the United States (as part of the federalized National Guard).

Shield of the Air National Guard which portrays two jet aircraft and the 1874 The Minute Man sculpture

Air National Guard

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Federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Shield of the Air National Guard which portrays two jet aircraft and the 1874 The Minute Man sculpture
A Galludet Tractor biplane which the New York National Guard aviators rented in 1915
Captain Charles A. Lindbergh, Missouri National Guard, and members of his National Guard unit, 110th Observation Squadron, after he flew solo across the Atlantic Ocean, 1927
Following a devastating blizzard in 1949, Colorado ANG C-47s dropped hay to stranded and starving livestock throughout the Rocky Mountain region. Altogether the Colorado Air Guardsmen flew 17 such missions dropping tons of hay that saved thousands of cattle and wildlife. Colorado ANG F-51s and A-26s also flew 10 reconnaissance missions during that emergency, 29 January 1949.
Captain John McMahn and Sergeant White, of the 182nd Fighter-Bomber Squadron, Texas Air National Guard, close out flight records at Taegu AB (K-2), South Korea, following their F-84E Thunderjet becoming the first such aircraft to complete 1,000 flying hours, 1952
An Air National Guard Lockheed F-104A-25-LO Starfighter (AF Ser. No. 56-0863) from the 157th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, South Carolina Air National Guard, at McEntire Air National Guard Base, South Carolina
F-84F Thunderstreaks of the 110th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 131st Tactical Fighter Wing, Missouri Air National Guard, Toul Air Base, France – Deployed as a result of the Berlin Crisis 1961/62
An F-104A Starfighter interceptor from the 157th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, South Carolina Air National Guard, being loaded aboard a C-124 Globemaster II for shipment to Europe during the Berlin crisis, 1961
A ground crew preparing an F-100 of the Colorado Air National Guard's 120th Tactical Fighter Squadron for combat missions at Phan Rang Air Base, South Vietnam, 1968
A Lockheed EC-121S Coronet Solo from the 193rd Tactical Electric Warfare Group, Pennsylvania Air National Guard
110th Tactical Fighter Squadron McDonnell F-4C-23-MC Phantom II, AF Ser. No. 64-0749, of the Missouri ANG at Lambert Field ANGB, St Louis, MO, 1980
A-7 Corsair II aircraft of the Iowa ANG and South Dakota ANG flying near RAF Waddington, UK. These aircraft were deployed to the United Kingdom from 21 August to 12 September 1979 for NATO Exercise CORONET STALLION.
A New York Air National Guard F-16 pilot from the 174th Tactical Fighter Wing, 138th Tactical Fighter Squadron, preparing to take-off on a combat mission from a Saudi Arabian base during Operation Desert Storm, 1991
A Fairchild Republic A-10A Thunderbolt II (AF Ser. No. 78-0652) from the 138th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 174th Tactical Fighter Wing, New York Air National Guard
An Air National Guard A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft from the 104th Fighter Group, Massachusetts Air National Guard, taxis on the runway at Aviano Air Base, Italy to take off for NATO airstrikes against the Bosnian Serbs, 6 September 1995
Emblem of the 107th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron, Michigan Air National Guard. Used at Balad Air Base during Operation Iraqi Freedom
An F-15C Eagle from 102nd Fighter Wing, Massachusetts Air National Guard, flies a combat air patrol over New York City as part of Operation Noble Eagle. F-15s from the 102nd were the first to arrive on scene over the World Trade Center following the September 11 terrorist attacks.
F-16s of the 119th Fighter Wing, North Dakota Air National Guard, flying a combat air patrol over Washington, DC, and the Pentagon in Operation Noble Eagle, November 2001
Personnel assigned to the 321st Air Expeditionary Squadron offloading supplies from a C-130H Hercules aircraft assigned to the 187th Airlift Squadron, 153rd Airlift Wing, Wyoming Air National Guard, at Kandahar, Afghanistan, during Operation Enduring Freedom
Paktia Province, Afghanistan, 4 March 2002, Technical Sergeant Keary Miller of the 123rd Special Tactics Squadron, Kentucky Air National Guard, not only managed to drag a wounded helicopter pilot to safety at Taka Ghur, but also orchestrated the establishment of multiple casualty collection points. In between treating the wounded, Miller set up the distribution of ammunition for the Army Rangers who were taking the fight to the enemy. For his extraordinary life-saving efforts while putting himself in extreme danger under enemy fire, Sergeant Miller was awarded the Silver Star. (Keith Rocco, The Battle of Takur Ghar, National Guard Heritage Painting.)
Munitions personnel from the 160th Fighter Squadron, 187th Fighter Wing, Alabama Air National Guard, assigned to the 410th Air Expeditionary Wing at a forward deployed location work on guided munitions on the pylon of one of their F-16C Fighting Falcons. The Falcon has an AIM-120A Advanced Medium Air-to-Air Missile fixed to the wing tip. The 410th Air Expeditionary Wing prepares the aircraft for take off for sorties on A-Day, the commencement of the air war for Operation Iraqi Freedom, 19 March 2003.
Commando Solo EC-130E from the 193rd Special Operations Wing, Pennsylvania Air National Guard, sits on the ramp at undisclosed location during Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom in late 2005
A C-130E Hercules cargo aircraft from the 146th Airlift Wing, California Air National Guard, rigged with a Modular Airborne Fire Fighting System (MAFFS) making a Phos-Chek fire retardant drop on the Simi Fire in Southern California, 28 October 2003
Members of the Indiana Air National Guard participating in an emergency operation after recent flooding in Fort Wayne, Indiana, 1 March 1982
LC-130Hs equipped with landing skis, operated by the 139th Airlift Squadron, 109th Airlift Wing, New York Air National Guard, parked on the ice pack at McMurdo Station at Ross Island in Antarctica during Operation Deep Freeze 2001. The unit operates six LC-130s between Christchurch, New Zealand, and a number of U.S. National Science Foundation stations located on the Antarctic ice pack, 5 November 2001. (Photographer: MSgt Joe Cupido, Air Force photo)
U.S. Air Force Gen. Joseph L. Lengyel, the 28th Chief of the National Guard Bureau, conducts a transition of responsibility order for newly promoted Lt. Gen. Michael A. Loh during a Change of Responsibility ceremony at the Pentagon July 28, 2020.

It, along with each state's, district's, commonwealth's or territory's Army National Guard component, makes up the National Guard of each state and the districts, commonwealths and territories as applicable.

Members of the Virginia Defense Force and the Virginia National Guard operate a mobile command post.

State defense force

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In the United States, state defense forces are military units that operate under the sole authority of a state government.

In the United States, state defense forces are military units that operate under the sole authority of a state government.

Members of the Virginia Defense Force and the Virginia National Guard operate a mobile command post.
A Georgia State Defense Force Volunteer passes a sandbag to a Georgia Army National Guard Soldier during a flood preparation mission.
Cal Guard CPT Foster, an officer in California's SDF, the California State Guard, serving as a Fire Team commander leading State and National Guard firefighters in the 2020 California fire season.
PO1 John Arnn and GySgt Clayton Cormack are adjusting SCPO Gary Wilson’s equipment, members of the Texas State Guard Maritime Regiment, Dive, Rescue, & Recovery (DR&R) Team.
SDF Branch Insignia
SDF beret flash used by several states.
The Maryland Defense Force Band playing at a state defense force conference in 2015.
Georgia State Defense Force members help recertify Georgia Army National Guard medics in CPR/AED.
South Carolina State Guard members during pack training.
California State Military Reserve troops undergo Base Security Training.
The Texas State Guard Medical Brigade deployed in Galveston, Texas.
Members of the California State Military Reserve perform squad drills.
A member of the Oregon State Defense Force helps a child try on body armor.
Alaska State Defense Force Lt. Col. (AK) John James speaks with Mongolian emergency personnel.
Puerto Rico State Guard members perform inspections of National Guard facilities.
Maryland Defense Forces and Maryland Army National Guard participate in a multi-agency disaster exercise at Towson University.
Texas State Guardsmen pass out free water after flooding contaminated a local water supply.
Georgia Defense Force members unload water and ice in anticipation of incoming Hurricane Katrina evacuees.
Texas State Guard during a Land Navigation joint training exercise.
Missouri State Defense Force swearing in ceremony.
California State Military Reserve guardsmen provide security for Air Force Two.

State defense forces are distinct from their state's National Guard in that they cannot become federal entities.

The U.S. ideal of the citizen soldier, in the militia, depicted by The Concord Minute Man of 1775, a monument created by Daniel Chester French and erected in 1875, in Concord, Massachusetts.

Militia (United States)

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The militia of the United States, as defined by the U.S. Congress, has changed over time.

The militia of the United States, as defined by the U.S. Congress, has changed over time.

The U.S. ideal of the citizen soldier, in the militia, depicted by The Concord Minute Man of 1775, a monument created by Daniel Chester French and erected in 1875, in Concord, Massachusetts.
First Muster, Spring 1637, Massachusetts Bay Colony
Braddock's defeat, 1755
The Battle of Lexington, April 19th, 1775. Blue coated militiamen in the foreground flee from the volley of gunshots from the red coated British Army line in the background with dead and wounded militiamen on the ground.
Kentucky Mounted Militia riflemen at the Battle of the Thames in October 1813, riding into battle as mounted infantry.
1826 North Carolina militia roster of 86 men, standard wage of 46 1⁄2 cents per day. Text reads: "A List of that Part of the Millitia Commanded by Elisha Burk an went after the Runaway Negroes. ... The within is a True Return of that part of the Millitia Commanded by Elisha Burk While out after the Runaway Negroes: Given under my hand this 15th day of August 1826". (signed) Elisha Burk Captain.
New York state militia, Civil War Company "E", 22nd N.Y. State Militia, near Harpers Ferry.
Militia at Ludlow, 1914

Organized militia – consisting of State Defense Forces, the National Guard and Naval Militia.

Rep. James Hay of Virginia, Chairman of the House Committee on Military Affairs.

National Defense Act of 1916

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United States federal law that updated the Militia Act of 1903, which related to the organization of the military, particularly the National Guard.

United States federal law that updated the Militia Act of 1903, which related to the organization of the military, particularly the National Guard.

Rep. James Hay of Virginia, Chairman of the House Committee on Military Affairs.
Rep. Julius Kahn of California
William Oxley Thompson, Ohio State University President, ROTC advocate.
William Abram Mann, first head of the expanded and reorganized Militia Bureau.
Samuel Pierpont Langley, namesake of Langley Field.

The 1916 act included an expansion of the Army and the National Guard, the creation of an Officers' and an Enlisted Reserve Corps, and the creation of a Reserve Officers' Training Corps.

Reserve components of the United States Armed Forces

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The reserve components of the United States Armed Forces are military organizations whose members generally perform a minimum of 39 days of military duty per year and who augment the active duty (or full-time) military when necessary.

The reserve components of the United States Armed Forces are military organizations whose members generally perform a minimum of 39 days of military duty per year and who augment the active duty (or full-time) military when necessary.

There are seven reserve components of the U.S. military, which are divided into two categories; regular reserves and National Guard.

Troops of the Territorial Army of Belarus.

Military reserve force

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Military organization whose members simultaneously hold military and civilian occupations.

Military organization whose members simultaneously hold military and civilian occupations.

Troops of the Territorial Army of Belarus.
Reservists responding to the call, at the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War (1870).
Finnish conscripts giving their military oath.
U.S. Army Reserve private first class during the 2015 Army Reserve Best Warrior Competition at Fort Bragg in 2015
A sergeant from the Irish Army Reserve leading a tactical exercise
Canadian Army Reserve warrant officer during Warrior Exercise (WAREX) in 2014
British Army Reserve lieutenant colonel during a training exercise at Lulworth Cove in Dorset
Soldiers of the Ukrainian Territorial Defense Forces during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

In some cases, a militia, home guard, state guard, or state military may constitute part of a military reserve force, such as the United States National Guard, the Norwegian Home Guard, the Swedish Home Guard, and the Danish Home Guard.

Chief of the National Guard Bureau

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General Daniel R. Hokanson, incoming chief of the National Guard Bureau, receives the NGB command guidon from Secretary of Defense Mark Esper on August 3, 2020.

The chief of the National Guard Bureau (CNGB) is the highest-ranking officer of the National Guard and the head of the National Guard Bureau.

The storming of Redoubt No. 10 in the Siege of Yorktown during the American Revolutionary War prompted Great Britain's government to begin negotiations, resulting in the Treaty of Paris and Great Britain's recognition of the United States as an independent state.

United States Army

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Land service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

Land service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

The storming of Redoubt No. 10 in the Siege of Yorktown during the American Revolutionary War prompted Great Britain's government to begin negotiations, resulting in the Treaty of Paris and Great Britain's recognition of the United States as an independent state.
General Andrew Jackson standing on the parapet of his makeshift defenses as his troops repulse attacking Highlanders during the defense of New Orleans, the final major and most one-sided battle of the War of 1812
The Battle of Gettysburg, the turning point of the American Civil War
Army soldiers in 1890
U.S. Army troops assaulting a German bunker in France, c. 1918
U.S. soldiers hunting for Japanese infiltrators during the Bougainville Campaign
U.S. Army soldiers observing an atomic bomb test of Operation Buster-Jangle at the Nevada Test Site during the Korean War
US tanks and Soviet tanks at Checkpoint Charlie, 1961
A U.S. Army infantry patrol moving up to assault the last North Vietnamese Army position at Dak To, South Vietnam during Operation Hawthorne
U.S. Army soldiers preparing to take La Comandancia in the El Chorrillo neighborhood of Panama City during Operation Just Cause
M1 Abrams tanks moving out before the Battle of Al Busayyah during the Gulf War
Iraqi tanks destroyed by Task Force 1-41 Infantry during the Gulf War, February 1991
U.S. Army Rangers taking part in a raid during an operation in Nahr-e Saraj, Afghanistan
U.S. Army soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division returning fire during a firefight with Taliban forces in Barawala Kalay Valley in Kunar province, Afghanistan, March 2011
Organization of the United States Army within the Department of Defense
U.S. Army organization chart
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U.S. Army soldiers of the 1st Battalion, 175th Infantry Regiment, Maryland Army National Guard conducting an urban cordon and search exercise as part of the army readiness and training evaluation program in the mock city of Balad at Fort Dix, New Jersey
U.S. soldiers from the 6th Infantry Regiment taking up positions on a street corner during a foot patrol in Ramadi, Iraq
The 1st Cavalry Division's combat aviation brigade performing a mock charge with the horse detachment
U.S. Army Special Forces soldiers from the 3rd Special Forces Group patrolling a field in the Gulistan district of Farah, Afghanistan
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U.S. Army Rangers practicing fast roping techniques from an MH-47 during an exercise at Fort Bragg
A trainer with Company A, 1st Battalion 502nd Infantry Regiment, Task Force Strike, 101st Airborne Division assisting Iraqi army ranger students during a room clearing drill at Camp Taji, Iraq on 18 July 2016
U.S. Army soldiers familiarizing with the latest INSAS 1B1 during exercise Yudh Abhyas 2015
A Lockheed Martin Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system used for ballistic missile protection
A U.S. soldier on patrol in Iraq with the support of a Humvee vehicle
3rd Infantry Division soldiers manning an M1A1 Abrams in Iraq
The 2020 Army Greens uniform
An element of the 18th Infantry Regiment, wearing ASUs, representing the United States at the 2010 Victory Day commemoration in Moscow
The Ranger Honor Platoon marching in their tan berets and former service uniform

Any or all of the National Guard can be federalized by presidential order and against the governor's wishes.

Puerto Rico

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Caribbean island and unincorporated territory of the United States.

Caribbean island and unincorporated territory of the United States.

A 20th-century reconstruction of an 8th-century Taíno village, located at the spot where their ballpark and remains were discovered in 1975, in the aftermath of Hurricane Eloise.
Artist's depiction of Juan Ponce de León, Puerto Rico's first governor
Hendricksz 1625 attack on San Juan, Puerto Rico
Sugar haciendas, like the one portrayed above, ran a significant portion of the Puerto Rican economy in the late 19th century
The 16th-century Spanish colonial-era fort, Castillo San Felipe del Morro (background), in San Juan
The flag flown by Fidel Vélez and his men during the "Intentona de Yauco" revolt
The Lares revolutionary flag of 1868, also known as the "First Puerto Rican Flag" in Puerto Rico
Monument commemorating the 1873 abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico, located in Ponce
Artistic rendering of the 1898 Bombardment of San Juan by American forces during the Spanish–American War
The first company of Puerto Ricans enlisted in the U.S. Army, within a year of the U.S. invasion
The first Supreme Court of Puerto Rico, appointed pursuant to the Foraker Act
Soldiers of the 65th Infantry training at Camp Santiago, Salinas, Puerto Rico (August 1941)
Painting of a bayonet charge by the U.S. 65th Infantry Regiment, made up of Puerto Rican troops, against a Chinese division during the Korean War
Chart demonstrating how the economy of Puerto Rico shifted from agriculture to manufacturing by showing how the salaried employees during Operation Bootstrap significantly increased manufacturing jobs (green line) while decreasing agricultural jobs (blue line).
Beach and coastline at Patillas, in southeast Puerto Rico
NOAA Bathymetry Image of Puerto Rico (2020)
Enlargeable, detailed map of Puerto Rico
Köppen climate types in Puerto Rico indicating that the island primarily has rainforest and monsoon climate types.
Common Coquí
Population density, Census 2000
Sunday mass, Stella Maris Parish, San Juan, Puerto Rico
The difference between the incumbent party, the PPD, and its opponent, the PNP, was a mere 0.6% in the last election. This difference is common as the political landscape experiences political cycles between both parties, with the PPD ruling all branches of government for 36 of the past 64 years. The PNP, on the other hand, has ruled both the executive and legislative branch concurrently for 16 years. The other 12 years experienced a divided government.
The Capitol of Puerto Rico, home of the Legislative Assembly in Puerto Rico
U.S. military installations and other federal lands in Puerto Rico (including the United States Virgin Islands) throughout the 20th century
ballistic missile submarine USS Maryland, Roosevelt Roads Naval Station, 1997
A map of Puerto Rico showing its 78 municipalities; the islands of Vieques and Culebra have their own municipal governments
Real GDP per capita development of Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico's gross domestic product (GDP) by economic sector
The 2012 Budget of the government of Puerto Rico
A map of the Jones Act merchant marine shipping routes for Puerto Rico
Flying into San Juan
Street-lined homes in Old San Juan
Eugenio María de Hostos
Cuchifritos (Carnitas) in New York
Plantain "arañitas" and "tostones rellenos"
San Juan 450th 1971 issue, depicting one of the [[:File:Lookout Station.JPG|garitas]] of El Morro
Puerto Rico Islanders fans at a soccer game
Puerto Rico interstate highways
The Tren Urbano system at Bayamón Station

The Insular Police, similar to the National Guard, opened fire upon unarmed cadets and bystanders alike.