A report on National Guard (United States)

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1953 postage stamp
Seal of the National Guard Bureau, 2013 to present
Army National Guard soldiers at New York City's Penn Station in 2004
First muster of the East Regiment (present-day Massachusetts Army National Guard) in Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony, Spring 1637
A National Guardsman in 1917
Following the 1992 Los Angeles riots, 4,000 National Guardsmen patrolled the city.
The National Guard Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C.
A South Carolina Army National Guard CH-47 Chinook supporting the South Carolina Forestry Commission to contain a remote fire near the top of Pinnacle Mountain in Pickens County, South Carolina, November 17, 2016
An Army National Guardsman of the 1st Battalion, 151st Infantry Regiment in Parun, Afghanistan. Note that he is wearing a 10th Mountain Division Former Wartime Service SSI.
A National Guardsman guarding the World War II Memorial in Washington, D.C. during the George Floyd protests, June 2020.

State-based military force that becomes part of the reserve components of the United States Army and the United States Air Force when activated for federal missions.

- National Guard (United States)
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Blockade of engines at Martinsburg, West Virginia, 16 July 1877

Great Railroad Strike of 1877

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The Great Railroad Strike of 1877, sometimes referred to as the Great Upheaval, began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, after the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) cut wages for the third time in a year.

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877, sometimes referred to as the Great Upheaval, began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, after the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) cut wages for the third time in a year.

Blockade of engines at Martinsburg, West Virginia, 16 July 1877
Maryland National Guard's Sixth Regiment fighting its way west along main downtown commercial thoroughfare Baltimore Street through Baltimore, Maryland, 20 July 1877
Burning of Pennsylvania Railroad and Union Depot, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 21–22 July 1877, engraving from Harper's Weekly
Burning of Union Depot, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 21–22 July 1877, engraving from Harper's Weekly

This strike finally ended some 69 days later, after it was put down by unofficial militias, the National Guard, and federal troops.

Front page of a newspaper announcing the second Militia Act of 1792.

Militia Acts of 1792

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There were two Militia Acts enacted by the 2nd United States Congress in 1792 that provided for the organization of militias and empowered the President of the United States to take command of the state militias in times of imminent invasion or insurrection.

There were two Militia Acts enacted by the 2nd United States Congress in 1792 that provided for the organization of militias and empowered the President of the United States to take command of the state militias in times of imminent invasion or insurrection.

Front page of a newspaper announcing the second Militia Act of 1792.

The Militia Act of 1903 repealed and superseded the Militia Act of 1795 and established the United States National Guard as the chief body of the organized militia in the United States.

California Army National Guard Element, Joint Forces Headquarters Shoulder Sleeve Insignia

California Army National Guard

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California Army National Guard Element, Joint Forces Headquarters Shoulder Sleeve Insignia
California Army National Guard unit locations within the state
Secretary of Defense William Cohen talks with soldiers from a California Army National Guard unit

The California Army National Guard (CA ARNG) is one of three components of the California National Guard, a reserve of the United States Army, and part of the National Guard of the United States.

2013 world map of National Guard State Partnerships and year of origin

State Partnership Program

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Joint program of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and the individual states, territories, and District of Columbia.

Joint program of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and the individual states, territories, and District of Columbia.

2013 world map of National Guard State Partnerships and year of origin
Croatian and Minnesota Soldiers prepare to clear a room together at the JMRC
A Thai firefighter trains with the Washington National Guard
President Barack Obama reviews Polish soldiers alongside soldiers from Illinois
Jordan's Prince Feisal Ibn Al-Hussein greets Gen. Craig McKinley and CO-TAG in Jordan
Soldiers from Kansas and Armenia practice a riot control exercise
Ohio National Guard's Bilateral Affairs Officer (BAO) in Hungary, talks with a Hungarian counterpart
North Dakota Guardsmen train with soldiers from Ghana on flood protection
Secretary Gates talks with Chilean Special Forces alongside Texas Guardsmen
The Ohio Adjutant General awards the Ohio Commendation Medal to Hungary soldiers
The NGB Chief reviews Serbian Soldiers during an exercise between Ohio and Serbia
President Wade of Senegal meets with the Vermont Governor and TAG
Soldiers from Texas and Czech Republic conduct Blackhawk training exercises
Mongolian General observes Guardsmen perform veterinary services in Alaska
Soldiers from Kansas and Armenia train together on demining operations
Bahamian Police participate in Forensics Workshop with Rhode Island Guardsmen
Minnesotan and Croatian troops assist in Afghan election
Ecuadorian soldiers perform HMMWV maintenance with Kentucky Guardsmen
Colombian Army Engineers alongside 125th Multi Role Bridge Company soldiers from the South Carolina Army National Guard

The SPP shortened the advisory presence to a United States National Guard unit of a designated state, called a partner, which would conduct joint exercises with the host.

Wyoming National Guard State Awards

List of decorations awarded by the United States National Guard

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Wyoming National Guard State Awards

Awards and decorations of the National Guard are presented to members of the National Guard (United States) and sometimes to members of the state defense forces in addition to regular United States military decorations.

Shoulder sleeve insignia of the Kentucky State Area Command (STARC)

Kentucky Army National Guard

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Shoulder sleeve insignia of the Kentucky State Area Command (STARC)

The Kentucky Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard.

Insurrection Act of 1807

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The Insurrection Act of 1807 is a United States federal law that empowers the President of the United States to deploy U.S. military and federalized National Guard troops within the United States in particular circumstances, such as to suppress civil disorder, insurrection, or rebellion.

Rep. Julius Kahn, Sponsor of the National Defense Act of 1920

National Defense Act of 1920

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Sponsored by United States Representative Julius Kahn, Republican of California.

Sponsored by United States Representative Julius Kahn, Republican of California.

Rep. Julius Kahn, Sponsor of the National Defense Act of 1920
Brigadier General John McAuley Palmer, military theorist and advocate for the National Guard
Major General George C. Rickards, the first National Guard officer to serve as Chief of the National Guard Bureau
Seal of the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, based on design for Army Industrial College.

Advocated by John McAuley Palmer and other proponents of the National Guard, the legislation established the Army of the United States as an organization of three components: a) the Regular Army, b) the National Guard, and c) the Organized Reserve.

John Filo's Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph of Mary Ann Vecchio kneeling over the body of Jeffrey Miller minutes after the unarmed student was fatally shot by an Ohio National Guardsman.

Kent State shootings

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The Kent State shootings, also known as the May 4 massacre and the Kent State massacre, were the killings of four and wounding of nine other unarmed Kent State University students by the Ohio National Guard on May 4, 1970 in Kent, Ohio, 40 mi south of Cleveland.

The Kent State shootings, also known as the May 4 massacre and the Kent State massacre, were the killings of four and wounding of nine other unarmed Kent State University students by the Ohio National Guard on May 4, 1970 in Kent, Ohio, 40 mi south of Cleveland.

John Filo's Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph of Mary Ann Vecchio kneeling over the body of Jeffrey Miller minutes after the unarmed student was fatally shot by an Ohio National Guardsman.
Poster calling for a student strike on May 4, 1970
The Victory Bell
Map of the shootings
Photo taken from the perspective of where the Ohio National Guard soldiers stood when they opened fire on the students
Bullet hole in Solar Totem #1 sculpture by Don Drumm caused by a .30 caliber round fired by the Ohio National Guard at Kent State on May 4, 1970
Memorial to Jeffrey Miller, taken from approximately the same perspective as John Filo's 1970 photograph, as it appeared in 2007.

Twenty-eight National Guard soldiers fired approximately 67 rounds over a period of 13 seconds, killing four students and wounding nine others, one of whom suffered permanent paralysis.

Posse Comitatus Act

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United States federal law signed on June 18, 1878, by President Rutherford B. Hayes which limits the powers of the federal government in the use of federal military personnel to enforce domestic policies within the United States.

United States federal law signed on June 18, 1878, by President Rutherford B. Hayes which limits the powers of the federal government in the use of federal military personnel to enforce domestic policies within the United States.

National Guard units, state defense forces, and naval militias while under the authority of the governor of a state. However, when the National Guard is federalized under, that shifts control from the state governor to the President, making Guard operations subject to the Posse Comitatus Act as well.