Neurotransmitter receptor
neuroreceptorpostsynaptic receptorreceptorsneurotransmitter receptorspostsynaptic receptorspost-synaptic receptorspostsynapticreceptor
A neurotransmitter receptor (also known as a neuroreceptor) is a membrane receptor protein that is activated by a neurotransmitter.wikipedia



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Neurotransmitter
neurotransmittersexcitatory neurotransmitterneurotransmitter system
A neurotransmitter receptor (also known as a neuroreceptor) is a membrane receptor protein that is activated by a neurotransmitter. They are a group of transmembrane ion channels that are opened or closed in response to the binding of a chemical messenger (i.e., a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter.
Neurotransmitters are released from synaptic vesicles in synapses into the synaptic cleft, where they are received by neurotransmitter receptors on the target cells.


Chemical synapse
synaptic cleftpostsynapticpresynaptic neuron
In postsynaptic cells, neurotransmitter receptors receive signals that trigger an electrical signal, by regulating the activity of ion channels.
These molecules then bind to neurotransmitter receptors on the postsynaptic cell.


Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
inhibitoryIPSPinhibitory synapses
These receptors can also be inhibited by neurotransmitters like GABA and glycine.
Inhibitory presynaptic neurons release neurotransmitters that then bind to the postsynaptic receptors; this induces a change in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuronal membrane to particular ions.


Excitatory postsynaptic potential
excitatoryEPSPexcitatory postsynaptic potentials
Ionotropic receptors are also called Ligand-gated ion channels and they can be excited by neurotransmitters (ligands) like glutamate and aspartate.
When an active presynaptic cell releases neurotransmitters into the synapse, some of them bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell.


Synapse
synapsessynapticpresynaptic
On presynaptic cells, there can be receptor sites specific to the neurotransmitters released by that cell (see Autoreceptor), which provide feedback and mediate excessive neurotransmitter release from it.





Membrane potential
transmembrane potentialcell potentialcell-potential
LGICs are also different from voltage-gated ion channels (which open and close depending on membrane potential), and stretch-activated ion channels (which open and close depending on mechanical deformation of the cell membrane).
A large subset function as neurotransmitter receptors—they occur at postsynaptic sites, and the chemical ligand that gates them is released by the presynaptic axon terminal.




Neurotransmission
synaptic transmissioncotransmissionneuronal activity
Cotransmission allows for more complex effects at postsynaptic receptors, and thus allows for more complex communication to occur between neurons.
Receptor (biochemistry)
receptorreceptorscellular receptors
A neurotransmitter receptor (also known as a neuroreceptor) is a membrane receptor protein that is activated by a neurotransmitter. Therefore, a membrane receptor is part of the molecular machinery that allows cells to communicate with one another.

Cell signaling
cell signallingsignallingsignaling pathway
Therefore, a membrane receptor is part of the molecular machinery that allows cells to communicate with one another.


Ion channel
ion channelschannelchannels
In postsynaptic cells, neurotransmitter receptors receive signals that trigger an electrical signal, by regulating the activity of ion channels. They are a group of transmembrane ion channels that are opened or closed in response to the binding of a chemical messenger (i.e., a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter.



Axon
axonsnerve fiberaxonal
This can result in a signal that runs along the axon (see action potential) and is passed along at a synapse to another neuron and possibly on to a neural network.





Action potential
action potentialsnerve impulsenerve impulses
This can result in a signal that runs along the axon (see action potential) and is passed along at a synapse to another neuron and possibly on to a neural network.









Neural circuit
biological neural networkneural circuitsneuronal network
This can result in a signal that runs along the axon (see action potential) and is passed along at a synapse to another neuron and possibly on to a neural network.




Autoreceptor
autoreceptorspresynaptic autoreceptors
On presynaptic cells, there can be receptor sites specific to the neurotransmitters released by that cell (see Autoreceptor), which provide feedback and mediate excessive neurotransmitter release from it.
Ligand
ligandsligand exchangebidentate ligand
Ionotropic receptors are also called Ligand-gated ion channels and they can be excited by neurotransmitters (ligands) like glutamate and aspartate.



Glutamate receptor
glutamate receptorsglutamateexcitatory amino acid receptor
Ionotropic receptors are also called Ligand-gated ion channels and they can be excited by neurotransmitters (ligands) like glutamate and aspartate.


Aspartic acid
aspartateAspL-aspartate
Ionotropic receptors are also called Ligand-gated ion channels and they can be excited by neurotransmitters (ligands) like glutamate and aspartate.
GABAA receptor
GABA A receptorGABA A GABA A receptors
These receptors can also be inhibited by neurotransmitters like GABA and glycine.




Glycine receptor
glycineglycine receptorsGlyR
These receptors can also be inhibited by neurotransmitters like GABA and glycine.

Neuron
neuronsnerve cellsnerve cell
Neurotransmitter (NT) receptors are located on the surface of neuronal and glial cells.









Glia
glial cellsglial cellglial
Neurotransmitter (NT) receptors are located on the surface of neuronal and glial cells.







Cell (biology)
cellcellscellular
Neurotransmitter (NT) receptors are located on the surface of neuronal and glial cells.







Ligand-gated ion channel
ionotropicionotropic receptorligand-gated ion channels
Ionotropic receptors are also called Ligand-gated ion channels and they can be excited by neurotransmitters (ligands) like glutamate and aspartate.







Transmembrane protein
transmembranetransmembrane proteinstype I
They are a group of transmembrane ion channels that are opened or closed in response to the binding of a chemical messenger (i.e., a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter.


Ligand (biochemistry)
affinityligandbinding affinity
They are a group of transmembrane ion channels that are opened or closed in response to the binding of a chemical messenger (i.e., a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter.
