A report on New Netherland

New Netherland map published by Nicolaes Visscher II (1649–1702)
Map based on Adriaen Block's 1614 expedition to New Netherland, featuring the first use of the name. It was created by Dutch cartographers in the (ca. 1590s–1720s) and Netherlandish cartography (ca. 1570s–1670s).
New Netherland map published by Nicolaes Visscher II (1649–1702)
Map of New Netherland and New England, with north to the right
The West India House in Amsterdam, headquarters of the Dutch West India Company from 1623 to 1647
The storehouse of the Dutch West India Company in Amsterdam, built in 1642, became the headquarters of the board in 1647 because of financial difficulties after the loss of Dutch Brazil.
Map showing the area claimed by the Dutch in North-America and several Dutch settlements, against modern state boundaries
Map (c. 1639), Manhattan situated on the North River (North arrow pointing to the right)
St. Mark's Church in-the-Bowery, site of Stuyvesant's grave
Nicolaes Visscher I (1618–1679), Novi Belgii Novæque Angliæ, reprint of 1685 which is not a completely correct representation of the situation at the time. The border with New England had been adjusted to 50 mi west of the Fresh River, while the Lange Eylandt towns west of Oyster Bay were under Dutch jurisdiction.
Image of " " made in 1664, the year that it was surrendered to English forces under Richard Nicolls
The original settlement has grown into the largest metropolis in the United States, seen here in 2006
The Prinsenvlag or "Prince's Flag", featuring the blue, white, and orange of some flags in the region
The Noort Rivier was one of the three main rivers in New Netherland.

17th-century colonial province of the Dutch Republic that was located on what is now the East Coast of the United States.

- New Netherland

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Hudson River

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315 mi river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States.

315 mi river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States.

The Hudson River Watershed, including the Hudson and Mohawk rivers
The mouth of the Hudson (yellow), located between Jersey City and New York City
The Hudson River flowing out of Henderson Lake in Tahawus
The river from Poughkeepsie, looking north.
The river between Hudson Waterfront in New Jersey (left) and Manhattan (right)
The bulk carrier Nord Angel breaking ice on the Hudson
Robert Havell, Jr., View of the Hudson River from Tarrytown, c. 1866
The Erie Canal in Amsterdam, New York
The George Washington Bridge links Upper Manhattan and Fort Lee, New Jersey
The Hudson Valley Hot-Air Balloon Festival, 2009
US Airways Flight 1549 after landing on the waters of the Hudson River in January 2009
North River by George Bellows, 1908, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Norrie Point Environmental Center in Staatsburg, headquarters of the Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve
Debris floating on the river near the World Trade Center, 1973
A juvenile house sparrow by the Hudson River

The Dutch called the river the North River—with the Delaware River called the South River—and it formed the spine of the Dutch colony of New Netherland.

New York (state)

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State in the Northeastern United States.

State in the Northeastern United States.

New York was dominated by Iroquoian (purple) and Algonquian (pink) tribes.
New Amsterdam, present-day Lower Manhattan, 1660
New York and neighboring provinces, by Claude Joseph Sauthier, 1777
British general John Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga in 1777
1800 map of New York from Low's Encyclopaedia
The Erie Canal at Lockport, New York, in 1839
Flight 175 hitting the South Tower on September11, 2001
Flooding on AvenueC in Lower Manhattan caused by Hurricane Sandy
New York is bordered by six U.S. states, two Great Lakes, and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.
Enveloped by the Atlantic Ocean and Long Island Sound, New York City and Long Island alone are home to about eleven million residents conjointly.
Lake-effect snow is a major contributor to heavy snowfall totals in western New York, including the Tug Hill region.
Two major state parks (in green) are the Adirondack Park (north) and the Catskill Park (south).
The Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor is a symbol of the United States and its ideals.
The African Burial Ground National Monument in Lower Manhattan
Map of the counties in New York
New York population distribution map. New York's population is primarily concentrated in the Greater New York area, including New York City and Long Island.
The Stonewall Inn in the gay village of Greenwich Village, Lower Manhattan, site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots, the cradle of the modern LGBT rights movement
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The main laboratory building of the IBM Watson Research Center is located in Yorktown Heights, New York.
Times Square in Midtown Manhattan, hub of the Broadway theater district, a media center, and one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections
"I Love New York"
CMA CGM Theodore Roosevelt, the largest container ship to enter the Port of New York and New Jersey as of September7, 2017
Harris Hall of the City College of New York, a public college of the City University of New York
Butler Library at Columbia University
University of Rochester
South campus of the University at Buffalo, the flagship of the State University of New York
The New York City Subway is one of the world's busiest, serving more than five million passengers per average weekday.
Grand Central Terminal in New York City
John F. Kennedy Airport in Queens, the busiest international air passenger gateway to the United States
The New York State Capitol in Albany
New York State Court of Appeals
Kirsten Gillibrand and Chuck Schumer, New York's U.S. Senators
Kathy Hochul (D), the 57th Governor of New York
Yankee Stadium in The Bronx
Koppen climate of New York

The Dutch soon also settled New Amsterdam and parts of the Hudson Valley, establishing the multiethnic colony of New Netherland, a center of trade and immigration.

The Castello Plan, a 1660 map of New Amsterdam (the top right corner is roughly north). The fort gave The Battery its name, the large street going from the fort past the wall became Broadway, and the city wall (right) gave Wall Street its name.

New Amsterdam

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The Castello Plan, a 1660 map of New Amsterdam (the top right corner is roughly north). The fort gave The Battery its name, the large street going from the fort past the wall became Broadway, and the city wall (right) gave Wall Street its name.
The Rigging House, 120 William St., in 1846; the last remaining building of Dutch New Amsterdam, it was a Methodist church in the 1760s, then a secular building again before its destruction in the mid-19th century.
1882 depiction of the ship Mayflower sailing from England to America in 1620, in Plymouth Harbor
1626 letter in Dutch by Pieter Schaghen stating the purchase of Manhattan for 60 gulden.
A map of the Hudson River Valley c. 1635 (north is to the right)
The First Slave Auction at New Amsterdam in 1655, by Howard Pyle
New Amsterdam in 1664 (looking approximately due north)
The Fall of New Amsterdam
Redraft of the Castello Plan, drawn in 1916
Depiction of the wall of New Amsterdam on a tile in the Wall Street subway station
The 1954 unveiling of a stained-glass depiction of Peter Stuyvesant in Butler Library at Columbia University. It commemorated the 300th anniversary of the founding of New Amsterdam, though it was actually dedicated on its 329th anniversary according to the date on the Seal of New York City, or on the 301st anniversary of the city receiving municipal rights.
The Wyckoff Farm in Flatbush, Brooklyn. Some of its construction still dates from the Dutch period of what is currently New York City.
13–15 South William Street, constructed in the Dutch Colonial Revival architecture evoking New Amsterdam

New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam, or ) was a 17th-century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland.

Manhattan

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Most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City.

Most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City.

Peter Minuit, early 1600s
Pieter Schaghen's 1626 letter saying Manhattan was purchased for 60 guilders.
The Castello Plan showing the Dutch city of New Amsterdam in 1660, at the southern tip of Manhattan
Washington's statue in front of Federal Hall on Wall Street, where in 1789 he was sworn in as first U.S. president
Manhattan in 1873. The Brooklyn Bridge was under construction from 1870 until 1883
The "Sanitary & Topographical Map of the City and Island of New York", commonly known as the Viele Map, was created by Egbert Ludovicus Viele in 1865
Manhattan's Little Italy, Lower East Side, circa 1900
Manhattan personified, early 20th century
V-J Day in Times Square in Times Square, 1945
Flooding on Avenue C caused by Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012
Satellite image of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson River to the west, the Harlem River to the north, the East River to the east, and New York Harbor to the south, with rectangular Central Park prominently visible. Roosevelt Island, in the East River, belongs to Manhattan.
Location of Manhattan (red) within New York City (remainder yellow)
Manhattan schist outcropping in Central Park
Liberty Island is an exclave of Manhattan, of New York City, and of New York State, that is surrounded by New Jersey waters
The Empire State Building in the foreground looking southward from the top of Rockefeller Center, with One World Trade Center in the background, at sunset. The Midtown South Community Council acts as a civic caretaker for much of the neighborhood between the skyscrapers of Midtown and Lower Manhattan.
Central Park in autumn
The Estonian House, the main center of Estonian culture amongst Estonian Americans
A. T. Stewart in 1870, 9th Street, Manhattan
Many tall buildings have setbacks on their facade due to the 1916 Zoning Resolution. This is exemplified at Park Avenue and 57th Street in Midtown Manhattan.
The New York Stock Exchange, by a significant margin the world's largest stock exchange per market capitalization of its listed companies, at US$23.1 trillion as of April 2018.
The Financial District of Lower Manhattan, seen from Brooklyn
The Flatiron District is the center and birthplace of Silicon Alley
Times Square is the hub of the Broadway theater district and a major cultural venue in Manhattan, it also has one of the highest annual attendance rates of any tourist attraction in the world, estimated at 50 million
The New York Times headquarters, 620 Eighth Avenue
Butler Library at Columbia University, with its notable architectural design
Stuyvesant High School, in Tribeca
New York Public Library Main Branch at 42nd Street and Fifth Avenue
Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
The scene at Manhattan's 2015 LGBT Pride March. The annual event rivals the sister São Paulo event as the world's largest pride parade, attracting tens of thousands of participants and millions of sidewalk spectators each June.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Madison Square Garden is home to the Rangers and Knicks, and hosts some Liberty games
The Skating Pond in Central Park, 1862
Manhattan Municipal Building
James Farley Post Office
A slum tour through the Five Points in an 1885 sketch
Tenement houses in 1936
At the time of its construction, London Terrace in Chelsea was the largest apartment building in the world
Grand Central Terminal is a National Historic Landmark.
Ferries departing Battery Park City and helicopters flying above Manhattan
The Staten Island Ferry, seen from the Battery, crosses Upper New York Bay, providing free public transportation between Staten Island and Manhattan.
The Brooklyn Bridge to the right and the Manhattan Bridge towards the left, are two of the three bridges that connect Lower Manhattan with Brooklyn over the East River.
Eighth Avenue, looking northward ("Uptown"), in the rain; most streets and avenues in Manhattan's grid plan incorporate a one-way traffic configuration
Tourists looking westward at sunset to observe the July 12, 2016 Manhattanhenge
Ferry service departing Battery Park City towards New Jersey, see from Paulus Hook

A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624, with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island.

New Jersey

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State in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States.

State in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States.

The relative location of the New Netherland and New Sweden settlements in eastern North America
Washington Crossing the Delaware in the winter of 1777, during the New York and New Jersey campaign (painting by Emanuel Leutze, 1851)
George Washington rallying his troops at the Battle of Princeton
A map of the 107-mile long Morris Canal across northern New Jersey
New Jersey, seen here in Warrren County, shares the Delaware Water Gap with neighboring Pennsylvania.
The Raritan River is the longest river entirely within New Jersey, flowing from the Raritan Valley near Clinton, Hunterdon County (above), eastward to the Raritan Bay.
Part of the Palisades Interstate Park, the cliffs of the New Jersey Palisades in Bergen (seen here) and Hudson counties overlook the Hudson River.
The Great Falls of the Passaic River in Paterson, Passaic County, dedicated as a U.S. National Historical Park in November 2011, incorporates one of the largest waterfalls in the eastern United States.
New Jersey population density map (2020)
Race and ethnicity (2015)
Bergen County (버건 군), New Jersey, across the George Washington Bridge from New York City (뉴욕), is a growing hub and home to [[List of U.S. cities with significant Korean-American populations#Top ten municipalities as ranked by Korean-American percentage of overall population in 2010|all of the nation's top ten municipalities by percentage of Korean population]], led (above) by Palisades Park (벼랑 공원), the municipality with the highest List of U.S. cities with significant Korean-Ameridensity of ethnic Koreans in the Western Hemisphere. Displaying ubiquitous Hangul (한글) signage and known as the Korean village, Palisades Park uniquely comprises a Korean majority (52% in 2010) of its population, with both the [[List of U.S. cities with significant Korean-American populations#Municipalities with density of at least 500 Korean Americans per square mile in 2010|highest Korean-American density and percentage]] of any municipality in the United States.
India Square, in Bombay, Jersey City, home to the highest concentration of Asian Indians in the Western Hemisphere. Immigrants from India constituted the largest foreign-born nationality in New Jersey in 2013.
Beth Medrash Govoha (Hebrew:בית מדרש גבוה), in Lakewood Township, Ocean County, is the world's largest yeshiva outside the State of Israel. Orthodox Jews represent one of the fastest-growing segments of New Jersey's population.
Metropolitan statistical areas and divisions of New Jersey. The New York City Metropolitan Area includes the counties shaded in blue hues, as well as Mercer and Warren counties, the latter representing part of the Lehigh Valley. Counties shaded in green hues, as well as Atlantic, Cape May, and Cumberland counties, belong to the Philadelphia Metropolitan Area.
A heat map showing median income distribution by county in New Jersey
Cranberry harvest
Atlantic City is an oceanfront resort and the nexus of New Jersey's gambling industry.
Old Queens at Rutgers University, the flagship of public higher education in New Jersey
Nassau Hall at Princeton University, one of the world's most prominent research universities
Downtown New Brunswick, an educational and cultural district undergoing gentrification
A 1950s-style diner in Orange, Essex County
MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford is home to the NFL's New York Giants and New York Jets, and the most expensive stadium ever built.
The Prudential Center in Newark, home of the NHL's New Jersey Devils
Red Bull Arena in Harrison, home of the MLS's New York Red Bulls
New Jersey's area codes
Map of New Jersey showing major transportation networks and cities
The George Washington Bridge, connecting Fort Lee (foreground) in Bergen County across the Hudson River to New York City, is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge.
A NJ Transit train heads down the Northeast Corridor through Rahway, New Jersey
Two Hudson-Bergen Light Rail trains in Jersey City
The Cape May–Lewes Ferry connects New Jersey and Delaware across Delaware Bay.
The New Jersey State House in Trenton
Atlantic City Boardwalk view from Caesars Atlantic City. Opened in 1870, it was the first boardwalk built in the United States. At 5+1/2 mi long, it is also the longest in the world.
High-rise residential complexes in the borough of Fort Lee
Paterson, known as the "Silk City",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patersonnj.gov/|title=City of Paterson—Silk City|access-date=April 2, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109161822/http://www.patersonnj.gov/|archive-date=November 9, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> has become a prime destination for an internationally diverse pool of immigrants,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://yumimmigrantcity.com/restaurants/machu-picchu/a-brief-history-of-peruvian-immigration-to-the-united-states/|title=A Brief History of Peruvian Immigration to the United States|publisher=yumimmigrantcity.com|access-date=April 2, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731004838/http://yumimmigrantcity.com/restaurants/machu-picchu/a-brief-history-of-peruvian-immigration-to-the-united-states/|archive-date=July 31, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://thealternativepress.com/articles/patersons-bengali-community-takes-pride-in-akhta|title=Paterson's Bengali Community Takes Pride in Akhtaruzzaman's Upset Victory|author1=Joe Malinconico|author2=Charlie Kratovil|name-list-style=amp|magazine=The Alternative Press|date=May 9, 2012|access-date=April 2, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514190904/http://thealternativepress.com/articles/patersons-bengali-community-takes-pride-in-akhta|archive-date=May 14, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> with at least 52 distinct ethnic groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/political-battle-brewing-over-paterson-s-plans-for-hispanic-heritage-month-event-1.1096285|title=Political battle brewing over Paterson's plans for Hispanic Heritage Month event|author=Joe Malinconico|date=September 25, 2014|access-date=September 27, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140926133042/http://www.northjersey.com/news/political-battle-brewing-over-paterson-s-plans-for-hispanic-heritage-month-event-1.1096285|archive-date=September 26, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
Skyscrapers in Jersey City, one of the most ethnically diverse cities in the world<ref name=DiverseJC1>{{cite news|url=http://www.nj.com/hudson/index.ssf/2015/02/jersey_city_named_most_ethnically_linguistically_d.html|title=Jersey City named most diverse city in America: report|author=Summer Dawn Hortillosa|work=The Jersey Journal|date=February 17, 2015|access-date=May 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518105950/http://www.nj.com/hudson/index.ssf/2015/02/jersey_city_named_most_ethnically_linguistically_d.html|archive-date=May 18, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=DiverseJC2>{{cite web|url=http://www.movoto.com/jersey-city-nj/jersey-city-facts/|title=53 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Jersey City|author=Spencer McKee|publisher=Movoto|access-date=May 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518094715/http://www.movoto.com/jersey-city-nj/jersey-city-facts/|archive-date=May 18, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
Federal Courthouse in Camden, which is connected to Philadelphia via the Benjamin Franklin Bridge in the background
Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart in Newark, the fifth-largest cathedral in North America, is the seat of the city's Roman Catholic Archdiocese.
Temple Sharey Tefilo-Israel, in South Orange, Essex County. New Jersey is home to the second-highest Jewish American population per capita, after New York.
Swaminarayan Akshardham (Devnagari) in Robbinsville, Mercer County, inaugurated in 2014 as the world's largest Hindu temple<ref name="World'sLargestHinduTempleNJ">{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/worlds-largest-hindu-temple-being-built-new-jersey-n166616|title=World's Largest Hindu Temple Being Built in New Jersey|author=Frances Kai-Hwa Wang|publisher=NBC News|access-date=December 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209184002/http://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/worlds-largest-hindu-temple-being-built-new-jersey-n166616|archive-date=December 9, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
Islamic Center of Passaic County, Paterson, Passaic County, was founded in 1990. New Jersey has the largest Muslim Population in America, and Paterson which is where the Islamic Center of Passaic County is in has New Jersey's largest Muslim community which lead to South Paterson getting the nicknames "Little Istanbul" and "Little Ramallah".<ref>{{cite web |title=Muslims By State |url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/muslim/ |access-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125192549/https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/muslim/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Dutch colony of New Netherland consisted of parts of modern Middle Atlantic states.

Jennie Bobb and her daughter, Nellie Longhat (both Delaware), Oklahoma, 1915

Lenape

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Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands, who live in the United States and Canada.

Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands, who live in the United States and Canada.

Jennie Bobb and her daughter, Nellie Longhat (both Delaware), Oklahoma, 1915
Traditional Confederations of Lenape lands, the Lenapehoking, not showing any of the several divisions governed by matriarchies
Susie Elkhair (died 1926) of the Delaware Tribe of Indians, wearing ribbonwork shawl
Benjamin West's painting (in 1771) of William Penn's 1682 treaty with the Lenape
Lapowinsa, Chief of the Lenape, Lappawinsoe painted by Gustavus Hesselius in 1735
Lenape farm on the Delaware Indian Reservation in Kansas in 1867

European settlers and traders from the 17th-century colonies of New Netherland and New Sweden traded with the Lenape for agricultural products, mainly maize, in exchange for iron tools.

New York City

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Most populous city in the United States.

Most populous city in the United States.

New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year England took control and renamed it "New York"
Fort George and the City of New York c. 1731. Royal Navy ships of the line are seen guarding what would become New York Harbor.
Columbia University was founded by royal charter in 1754 under the name of King's College.
The Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the American Revolution, took place in Brooklyn in 1776.
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.
The current 5 boroughs of Greater New York as they appeared in 1814. Bronx was in Westchester County, Queens County included modern Nassau County, Kings County had 6 towns, one of which was Brooklyn, New York City is shown by hatching in southern New York County on the island of Manhattan, and Richmond County on Staten Island.
A construction worker atop the Empire State Building as it was being built in 1930. The Chrysler Building is behind him.
Manhattan's Little Italy, Lower East Side, circa 1900
The Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village, a designated U.S. National Historic Landmark and National Monument, as the site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots and the cradle of the modern gay rights movement
United Airlines Flight 175 hits the South Tower of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.
The core of the New York City metropolitan area, with Manhattan Island at its center
Lower and Midtown Manhattan, as seen by a SkySat satellite in 2017
Central Park in Winter by Raymond Speers, in Munsey's Magazine, February 1900
Flushing Meadows–Corona Park was used in both the 1939 and 1964 New York World's Fair, with the Unisphere as the centerpiece of the latter and which remains today.
The Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island in New York Harbor is a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity.
View of The Pond and Midtown Manhattan from the Gapstow Bridge in Central Park, one of the world's most visited tourist attractions, in 2019
California sea lions play at the Bronx Zoo, the world's largest metropolitan zoo.
A map of racial distribution in New York, 2010 U.S. census. Each dot is 25 people:
The landmark Neo-Gothic Roman Catholic St. Patrick's Cathedral, Midtown Manhattan
Ultra-Orthodox Jewish residents in Brooklyn. Brooklyn has the largest Jewish community in the United States, with approximately 600,000 individuals.
The Islamic Cultural Center of New York in Upper Manhattan was the first mosque built in New York City.
Ganesh Temple in Flushing, Queens, is the oldest Hindu temple in the Western Hemisphere.
The New York Stock Exchange, by a significant margin the world's largest stock exchange per market capitalization of its listed companies, at US$23.1 trillion as of April 2018. Pictured is the exchange's building on Wall Street.
The Deutsche Bank Center as viewed from Central Park West
Times Square is the hub of the Broadway theater district and a media center. It also has one of the highest annual attendance rates of any tourist attraction in the world, estimated at 50 million.
The I Love New York logo, designed by Milton Glaser in 1977
Rockefeller Center is home to NBC Studios.
Times Square Studios, home of Good Morning America
Butler Library at Columbia University, described as one of the most beautiful college libraries in the United States
The Washington Square Arch, an unofficial icon of both New York University (NYU) and its Greenwich Village neighborhood
New York-Presbyterian Hospital, affiliated with Columbia University and Cornell University, the largest hospital and largest private employer in New York City and one of the world's busiest
The New York Police Department (NYPD) is the largest police force in the United States.
Police officers of New York Police Department (NYPD)
The Fire Department of New York (FDNY) is the largest municipal fire department in the United States.
The Stephen A. Schwarzman Headquarters Building of the New York Public Library, at 5th Avenue and 42nd Street
The fast-paced streets of New York City, January 2020
Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, part of Museum Mile, is one of the largest museums in the world.
Smorgasburg opened in 2011 as an open-air food market and is part of the Brooklyn Flea.
As of 2012, the city had about 6,000 hybrid taxis (shown) in service, the largest number of any city in North America.
New York City Hall is the oldest City Hall in the United States that still houses its original governmental functions.
The New York County Courthouse houses the New York Supreme Court and other offices.
Eric Adams, the current and 110th Mayor of New York City
New York City is home to the two busiest train stations in the U.S., including Grand Central Terminal.
The New York City Subway is the world's largest rapid transit system by number of stations.
The Port Authority Bus Terminal, the world's busiest bus station, at 8th Avenue and 42nd Street
John F. Kennedy Airport in Queens, the busiest international air passenger gateway to the United States
The Staten Island Ferry shuttles commuters between Manhattan and Staten Island.
Yellow medallion taxicabs are widely recognized icons of the city.
8th Avenue, looking northward ("uptown"). Most streets and avenues in Manhattan's grid plan incorporate a one-way traffic configuration.
The George Washington Bridge, connecting Upper Manhattan (background) from Fort Lee, New Jersey across the Hudson River, is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge.
The growing skyline of Long Island City, Queens (background),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-30/nyc-s-fastest-growing-neighborhood-gets-180-million-investment|title=NYC's Fastest-Growing Neighborhood Gets $180 Million Investment|first=Henry|last=Goldman|date=October 30, 2018|publisher=Bloomberg L.P|access-date=October 30, 2018}}</ref> facing the East River and Manhattan in May 2017
The Grand Concourse in the Bronx, foreground, with Manhattan in the background in February 2018
St. George, Staten Island as seen from the Staten Island Ferry, the world's busiest passenger-only ferry system, shuttling passengers between Manhattan and Staten Island
The Asia gate entrance to the Bronx Zoo, the world's largest metropolitan zoo.
The Spanish Harlem Orchestra. New York City is home to nearly 3 million Latino Americans, the largest Hispanic population of any city outside Latin America and Spain.
The Financial District of Lower Manhattan including Wall Street, the world's principal financial center

James's elder brother, King Charles II, appointed the Duke proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland, including the city of New Amsterdam, when England seized it from Dutch control.

Reprint of 1650 map of New Netherland

Pavonia, New Netherland

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Reprint of 1650 map of New Netherland
The replica Half Moon at mouth of the Hudson River approaching Lower Manhattan, site of New Amsterdam, with Hoboken, part of Pavonia, in background at left
Map (c1635) Pavonia located at what originally was called Oesters Eylandt, or Oyster Island, and Achter Kol, meaning Behind the Ridge and refers to Bergen Hill
Map (c1639) Manhattan situated on the North Rivier with numbered key showing settlements: 27. Farm of Van Vorst; 28. v (sic): 29. Farm of Evertsen; 30. Plantation at Lacher's Hook; 31. Plantation at Paulus Hook; 32. Plantation of Maerytensen
Various groups, united after the massacre at Pavonia and Kieft's War, affected the entire province
1664 Duke's Plan includes depictions of either Harsimus, Paulus Hook, or Communipaw at time of the surrender of Fort Amsterdam. Bergen was farther inland atop Bergen Hill. Ellis Island and Liberty Island are seen lower right.
Newport, built on the previously landfilled Harsimus Cove from the Hudson River
Pavonia branch library

Pavonia was the first European settlement on the west bank of the North River (Hudson River) that was part of the seventeenth-century province of New Netherland in what would become the present Hudson County, New Jersey.

New Sweden

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Swedish colony along the lower reaches of the Delaware River in America from 1638 to 1655, established during the Thirty Years' War when Sweden was a great military power.

Swedish colony along the lower reaches of the Delaware River in America from 1638 to 1655, established during the Thirty Years' War when Sweden was a great military power.

Map of New Sweden c. 1650 by Amandus Johnson
The relative locations of New Netherland (magenta) and New Sweden (blue) in America; modern state boundaries and postal abbreviations are shown
The C. A. Nothnagle Log House in Gibbstown, New Jersey, built in 1638, the oldest house in New Jersey
US Postage stamp commemorating the founding of Wilmington, Delaware (1938)

New Sweden was conquered by the Dutch Republic in 1655 during the Second Northern War and incorporated into the Dutch colony of New Netherland.

Pennsylvania

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U.S. state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, and Appalachian regions of the United States.

U.S. state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, and Appalachian regions of the United States.

William Penn, a Quaker and son of a prominent admiral, founded Pennsylvania in 1681
Shelter House in Emmaus, constructed in 1734 by Pennsylvania German settlers, is believed to be the oldest continuously occupied building structure in the Lehigh Valley and one of the oldest in Pennsylvania.
Independence Hall in Philadelphia, where the United States Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution were drafted and adopted in 1776 and 1787-88, respectively.
The July 1-3, 1863 Battle of Gettysburg in Gettysburg, which was a turning point in the Union Army's ultimate victory in the American Civil War, is depicted in this 1887 Thure de Thulstrup painting. Gettysburg was the Civil War's deadliest battle with 51,118 total casualties.
On November 19, 1863, U.S. President Abraham Lincoln (center, facing camera) arrived in Gettysburg and delivered the Gettysburg Address, considered one of the best-known speeches in American history.
Hazleton coal miners in 1900. Coal mining was a major economic activity in Pennsylvania in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Anti-nuclear protest in Harrisburg following the March 28, 1979 Three Mile Island accident in Londonderry Township, September 1979
The crash site of Flight 93 in Somerset County following the September 11 attacks
South Mountain with Allentown in the foreground, December 2010
Worlds End State Park in Sullivan County, June 2008
Köppen climate types in Pennsylvania
Autumn in North Branch Township in Wyoming County, October 2011
Allentown, the state's third largest city, May 2010
Pennsylvania jurist John Morton (1725–1777) was one of nine Pennsylvanians, the most of any of the Thirteen Colonies, to sign the Declaration of Independence. Other Pennsylvanians to sign the Declaration include George Clymer, Benjamin Franklin, Robert Morris, George Ross, Benjamin Rush, James Smith, George Taylor, and James Wilson.
Pennsylvania's population growth from 1790 to 2000
Pennsylvania's population distribution as of the 2000 census
An Amish family riding in a traditional Amish buggy in Lancaster County, May 2004
Bethlehem Steel in Bethlehem was one of the world's leading steel manufacturers for most of the 19th and 20th century. In 1982, it discontinued most of its operations, declared bankruptcy in 2001, and was dissolved in 2003.
Geo map of average income by location in Pennsylvania. Data shown is from the 2014 American Community Survey five-year estimate.
Wind Creek Bethlehem casino in Bethlehem, March 2014
Pennsylvania's 67 counties
The Pennsylvania State Capitol, built in 1906 in Harrisburg, June 2020
South Philadelphia High School on Broad Street in South Philadelphia, February 2010
Benjamin Franklin statue on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League institution in Philadelphia and one of the top universities in the world, August 2007
Dorney Park and Wildwater Kingdom's Steel Force and Thunderhawk roller coasters in Allentown. Steel Force is the tenth longest steel rollercoaster in the world.
Road and rail map of Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 220 as it passes through Lamar Township, August 2010
30th Street Station in Philadelphia, Amtrak's third busiest train station in the nation, July 2016
The Pennsylvanian navigating the historic Horseshoe Curve near Altoona, May 2013
Philadelphia International Airport is the busiest airport in Pennsylvania and the 21st busiest overall in the United States
The Philadelphia Eagles are presented with the Vince Lombardi Trophy after winning Super Bowl LII, February 4, 2018
Citizens Bank Park in South Philadelphia, home of the Philadelphia Phillies, May 2009
NASCAR racing at Pocono Raceway in Long Pond, September 2006
Beaver Stadium, a 106,572 capacity stadium in University Park, is the home field of the Penn State Nittany Lions.
Geno's Steaks in South Philadelphia is widely credited with inventing the cheesesteak in 1933.
Hershey Chocolate Factory in Hershey, August 1976

The Dutch and the English each claimed both sides of the Delaware River as part of their colonial lands in America.