Nitroglycerin

Nitroglycerin synthesis:
Nitroglycerin in three different forms: intravenous, sublingual spray, and the nitroglycerin patch.

Dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the formation of the nitric acid ester.

- Nitroglycerin

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Ester

Chemical compound derived from an acid in which at least one –OH hydroxyl group is replaced by an –O– alkyl (alkoxy) group, as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.

A carboxylate ester. R′ denotes any alkyl or aryl group.
Ethyl acetate derived from an alcohol (blue) and an acyl group (yellow) derived from a carboxylic acid.
A phosphoric acid ester
300px
Metrical details for methyl benzoate, distances in picometers.

Nitrate esters, such as nitroglycerin, are known for their explosive properties.

Alfred Nobel

Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist.

Nobel in 1896
Alfred Nobel at a young age in the 1850s
Björkborn Manor, in Karlskoga, was Alfred Nobel's very last residence in Sweden
Portrait of Nobel by Gösta Florman (1831–1900)
Front side of one of the Nobel Prize medals
Alfred Nobel's death mask, at Björkborn, Nobel's residence in Karlskoga, Sweden

Nobel's most famous invention was dynamite, a safer and easier means of harnessing the explosive power of nitroglycerin; it was patented in 1867 and was soon used worldwide for mining and infrastructure development.

Demolition

Science and engineering in safely and efficiently tearing down of buildings and other artificial structures.

The demolition of the Myer Building in Perth, Western Australia.
A partially demolished house in Qormi, Malta
Demolition of the cooling towers of the Athlone Power Station in Athlone, Cape Town, South Africa
A wrecking ball in action at the demolition of the Rockwell Gardens.
House destroyed by an excavator in Invermere, British Columbia.
An old hostel building under demolition in Tampere, Finland.
A high-reach excavator is used to demolish this tower block.
Demolition of a hotel in southern England.
Bridge demolition using explosives near Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands, 1920-1940
Demolition of a chimney at the former brewery "Henninger" in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, on 2 December 2006
The demolition of the New Haven Coliseum in New Haven, Connecticut

Selected columns on floors where explosives will be set are drilled and high explosives such as nitroglycerin, TNT, RDX, or C4 are placed in the holes.

Smokeless powder

Type of propellant used in firearms and artillery that produces less smoke and less fouling when fired compared to gunpowder .

Finnish smokeless powder
An extruded stick powder
Close-up of Cordite filaments in a .303 British rifle cartridge (manufactured in 1964)
Ammunition handloading powders

Nitroglycerine was synthesized by the Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero in 1847.

Nitric acid

Inorganic compound with the formula HNO3.

Fuming nitric acid contaminated with yellow nitrogen dioxide
Two major resonance representations of HNO3
Nitric acid in a laboratory

Nitration of organic compounds with nitric acid is the primary method of synthesis of many common explosives, such as nitroglycerin and trinitrotoluene (TNT).

Cordite

Family of smokeless propellants developed and produced in the United Kingdom since 1889 to replace gunpowder as a military propellant.

A stick of cordite from World War II
A sectioned British 18-pounder field gun shrapnel round, World War I, with bound string to simulate the appearance of the original cordite propellant
Close-up of cordite filaments in a .303 British Rifle cartridge (manufactured in 1964).
Sir James Dewar at work
MV Cordite, Royal Military College of Canada

It was composed of 10% camphor, 45% nitroglycerine and 45% collodion (nitrocellulose).

Gelignite

The Great Western Powder Company of Toledo, Ohio, a producer of explosives, seen in 1905

Gelignite, also known as blasting gelatin or simply "jelly", is an explosive material consisting of collodion-cotton (a type of nitrocellulose or guncotton) dissolved in either nitroglycerine or nitroglycol and mixed with wood pulp and saltpetre (sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate).

Propellant

Mass that is expelled or expanded in such a way as to create a thrust or other motive force in accordance with Newton's third law of motion, and "propel" a vehicle, projectile, or fluid payload.

A 2 kg cast iron weight used for balances

Composite propellants made from a solid oxidizer such as ammonium perchlorate or ammonium nitrate, a synthetic rubber such as HTPB, PBAN, or Polyurethane (or energetic polymers such as polyglycidyl nitrate or polyvinyl nitrate for extra energy), optional high-explosive fuels (again, for extra energy) such as RDX or nitroglycerin, and usually a powdered metal fuel such as aluminum.

Dynamite

[[File:Dynamite Diagram.svg|thumb|Diagram1. Diatomaceous earth (or any other type of absorbent material) soaked in nitroglycerin.

Preparation of dynamite during the construction of the Douglas Dam, 1942.
"Nobels extradynamit" manufactured by Nobel's old company, Nitroglycerin Aktiebolaget
Women mixing dynamite at Nobel's Ardeer factory, 1897
Advertisement for the Ætna Explosives Company of New York.

Dynamite is an explosive made of nitroglycerin, sorbents (such as powdered shells or clay) and stabilizers.

Nitration

General class of chemical processes for the introduction of a nitro group into an organic compound.

Friedrich Wöhler

The term also is applied incorrectly to the different process of forming nitrate esters between alcohols and nitric acid (as occurs in the synthesis of nitroglycerin).