A report on Northern Italy

Ancient peoples of Northern Italy, with Celtic peoples shown in blue.

Migration of the Lombards towards Northern Italy

Member cities of the first and second Lombard League.

The Iron Crown of Lombardy, for centuries a symbol of the Kings of Italy

Anti-Fascist Partisans in the streets of Bologna after the general insurrection of April 1945

The Alps in Val Maira, Province of Cuneo

Farming landscape in the Po Plain at Sant'Agata Bolognese

Alpine lakes like Lake Garda are characterised by warmer microclimates than the surrounding areas

Fog on the Secchia River near Modena. Fog is a common occurrence in the Po Plain

Languages and regional varieties in Italy

Geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy.

- Northern Italy

57 related topics with Alpha

Lombardy

16 links

One of the twenty administrative regions of Italy.

Pizzo Coca is the highest peak in the Bergamasque Alps (3,050 m)

The Adda, the longest river within the region and tributary of the Po

The Rock Drawings in Valcamonica are among the largest collections of prehistoric petroglyphs in the world.

For centuries, the Iron Crown of Lombardy was used in the Coronation of the King of Italy.

The Consulta of the République cisalpine receives the First Consul on 26 January 1802

A view over the business district of Milan: with a metropolitan area of 7.4m people, it is Italy's most important industrial, commercial and financial center.

Palazzo Lombardia, the main seat of the government of Lombardy.

The provinces/metropolitan cities of Lombardy

The Last Supper, Convent of Sta. Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy (1499), by Leonardo da Vinci

The Floating Piers by Christo and Jeanne-Claude on Lake Iseo (2016)

Gorgonzola cheese takes its name from the homonymous city near Milan

The auditorium of the Teatro alla Scala in Milan.

Dolce & Gabbana is headquartered in Milan.

Provolone Valpadana (pasta filata cheese)

Lombardy counts many protected areas: the most important are the Stelvio National Park (the largest Italian natural park), with typically alpine wildlife: red deer, roe deer, ibex, chamois, foxes, ermine and also golden eagles; and the Ticino Valley Natural Park, instituted in 1974 on the Lombard side of the Ticino River to protect and conserve one of the last major examples of fluvial forest in northern Italy.

Italy

14 links

Country that consists of a peninsula delimited by the Alps and several islands surrounding it; its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region.

Expansion of the territory called "Italy" from ancient Greece until Diocletian

Marco Polo, explorer of the 13th century, recorded his 24 years-long travels in the Book of the Marvels of the World, introducing Europeans to Central Asia and China.

The Italian states before the beginning of the Italian Wars in 1494

Leonardo da Vinci, the quintessential Renaissance man, in a self-portrait (ca. 1512, Royal Library, Turin)

Christopher Columbus leads an expedition to the New World, 1492. His voyages are celebrated as the discovery of the Americas from a European perspective, and they opened a new era in the history of humankind and sustained contact between the two worlds.

Flag of the Cispadane Republic, which was the first Italian tricolour adopted by a sovereign Italian state (1797)

Holographic copy of 1847 of Il Canto degli Italiani, the Italian national anthem since 1946

Animated map of the Italian unification from 1829 to 1871

The Victor Emmanuel II Monument in Rome, a national symbol of Italy celebrating the first king of the unified country, and resting place of the Italian Unknown Soldier since the end of World War I. It was inaugurated in 1911, on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the Unification of Italy.

The fascist dictator Benito Mussolini titled himself Duce and ruled the country from 1922 to 1943.

Areas controlled by the Italian Empire at its peak

Italian partisans in Milan during the Italian Civil War, April 1945

Alcide De Gasperi, first republican Prime Minister of Italy and one of the Founding Fathers of the European Union

The signing ceremony of the Treaty of Rome on 25 March 1957, creating the European Economic Community, forerunner of the present-day European Union

Funerals of the victims of the Bologna bombing of 2 August 1980, the deadliest attack ever perpetrated in Italy during the Years of Lead

Italian government task force to face the COVID-19 emergency

Dolphins in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Aeolian Islands

Gran Paradiso, established in 1922, is the oldest Italian national park.

The Italian wolf, the national animal of Italy

Köppen-Geiger climate classification map of Italy

The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of Italy.

An Alfa Romeo 159 vehicle of the Carabinieri corps

Group photo of the G7 leaders at the 43rd G7 summit in Taormina

Heraldic coat of arms of the Italian Armed Forces

A proportional representation of Italy exports, 2019

Milan is the economic capital of Italy, and is a global financial centre and a fashion capital of the world.

The Autostrada dei Laghi ("Lakes Motorway"), the first motorway built in the world

FS' Frecciarossa 1000 high speed train, with a maximum speed of 400 km/h

Trieste, the main port of the northern Adriatic and starting point of the Transalpine Pipeline

ENI is considered one of the world's oil and gas "Supermajors".

Solar panels in Piombino. Italy is one of the world's largest producers of renewable energy.

Galileo Galilei, the father of modern science, physics and astronomy

Enrico Fermi, creator of the world's first first nuclear reactor

The Amalfi Coast is one of Italy's major tourist destinations.

Map of Italy's population density at the 2011 census

Italy is home to a large population of migrants from Eastern Europe and North Africa.

Linguistic map showing the languages spoken in Italy

Vatican City, the Holy See's sovereign territory

Bologna University, established in AD 1088, is the world's oldest academic institution.

Olive oil and vegetables are central to the Mediterranean diet.

The Last Supper (1494–1499), Leonardo da Vinci, Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

Michelangelo's David (1501–1504), Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence

The Birth of Venus (1484–1486), Sandro Botticelli, Uffizi Gallery, Florence

Dante shown holding a copy of the Divine Comedy, next to the entrance to Hell, the mount of Purgatory and the city of Florence, with the spheres of Heaven above, in Michelino's fresco, 1465

Niccolò Machiavelli, founder of modern political science and ethics

Pinocchio is one of the world's most translated books and a canonical piece of children's literature.

Clockwise from top left: Thomas Aquinas, proponent of natural theology and the Father of Thomism; Giordano Bruno, one of the major scientific figures of the Western world; Cesare Beccaria, considered the Father of criminal justice and modern criminal law; and Maria Montessori, credited with the creation of the Montessori education

Statues of Pantalone and Harlequin, two stock characters from the Commedia dell'arte, in the Museo Teatrale alla Scala

Dario Fo, one of the most widely performed playwrights in modern theatre, received international acclaim for his highly improvisational style.

Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer whose operas, including La bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly and Turandot, are among the most frequently worldwide performed in the standard repertoire

Luciano Pavarotti, considered one of the finest tenors of the 20th century and the "King of the High Cs"

Giorgio Moroder, pioneer of Italo disco and electronic dance music, is known as the "Father of disco".

The Azzurri in 2012. Football is the most popular sport in Italy.

Starting in 1909, the Giro d'Italia is the Grands Tours' second oldest.

A Ferrari SF21 by Scuderia Ferrari, the most successful Formula One team

Prada shop at Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan

The traditional recipe for spaghetti with tomato and basil sauce

The Frecce Tricolori, with the smoke trails representing the national colours of Italy, during the celebrations of the Festa della Repubblica

The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world.

In addition to the various ancient peoples dispersed throughout what is now modern-day Italy, the most predominant being the Indo-European Italic peoples who gave the peninsula its name, beginning from the classical era, Phoenicians and Carthaginians founded colonies mostly in insular Italy, Greeks established settlements in the so-called Magna Graecia of Southern Italy, while Etruscans and Celts inhabited central and northern Italy respectively.

Milan

14 links

Roman ruins in Milan: the Columns of San Lorenzo

The remains of the Milan amphitheatre, which can be found inside the archaeological park of the Antiquarium in Milan

The biscione eating a child on the Visconti coat of arms

The Medieval Porta Ticinese (1100), is one of the three medieval gates of the city that still exist in the modern Milan.

The late 16th-century city encircled by the Spanish walls

Milan during the plague of 1630: plague carts carry the dead for burial.

Ceremonial reception of Russian Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov in Milan, April 1799

Popular print depicting the "Five Days" uprising against Austrian rule.

Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II destroyed by Allied bombings, 1943

Palazzo Lombardia, headquarters of the regional government of Lombardy

Milan Cathedral is the largest Gothic cathedral in the world

Torre del Filarete of Sforza Castle (Castello Sforzesco), a historic medieval fortress.

Royal Villa of Milan, one of the finest examples of Neoclassical architecture in Lombardy

Art Deco Central railway station, the 8th busiest in Europe, opened in 1931

The Cimitero Monumentale, it is noted for the abundance of artistic tombs and monuments.

St. Ambrose Basilica dates back from AD 379–386

The skyscrapers of Porta Nuova business district

Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper, together with the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Museo del Novecento displays the world's largest collection of Futurist art.

Founded in 1778, La Scala is the world's most famous opera house.

Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II is one of the city's largest shopping centres.

San Siro Stadium, home of A.C. Milan and Inter Milan, has a capacity of 80,000. It is Italy's biggest stadium.

Mediolanum Forum, home of Olimpia Milano

The Monza Formula One circuit is located near the city, inside a suburban park.

Bocconi University is a leading institution for economics, management and related disciplines in Europe.

University of Milan Bicocca, the city's newest university, ranks as the 82nd best young college on over 300 institutions in the 2020 Times Higher Education World University Rankings.

Milan Metro is Italy's longest rapid transit system.

Milan (,, Lombard: ; Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome.

Veneto

14 links

One of the 20 regions of Italy.

Venice, the primary tourist destination and the capital of Veneto

The Tetrarchs were the four co-rulers who governed the Roman Empire as long as Diocletian's reform lasted. Here they are portrayed embracing, in a posture of harmony, in a porphyry sculpture dating from the 4th century, produced in Anatolia, located today on a corner of St Mark's Basilica in Venice.

The Horses of Saint Mark, brought as loot from Constantinople in 1204.

An 18th-century view of Venice by Canaletto.

The 13th-century Castel Brando in Cison di Valmarino, Treviso.

St Mark's Basilica, the seat of the Patriarch of Venice.

The Prato della Valle in Padua, a work of Italian Renaissance architecture.

Antonio Canova's Psyche Revived by Love's Kiss.

The Church of Santa Maria della Salute in Venice

A trait that shows the structure of the Calà del Sasso

In 1167 an alliance (called the Lombard League) was formed among the Venetian cities such as Padua, Treviso, Vicenza, and Verona with other cities of Northern Italy to assert their rights against the Holy Roman Emperor.

The Padan Plain in Northern Italy (green) and the Po river basin in the Plain (red circle)

Po Valley

13 links

Map showing the river Po and tributaries in the Padan Plain. Note the numerous Italian Lakes on the margin of the Alps.

The regions of Italy as defined by the government of Italy. According to the Po Basin Water Board, the valley includes: 14) Piedmont, 2) Aosta Valley, 11) Lombardy, 20) Veneto, 10) Liguria, 7) Emilia-Romagna, 17) Trentino-Alto Adige, and 8) Friuli-Venezia Giulia

Carmagnola, countryside near the river Po

Rice fields in the province of Vercelli, eastern Piedmont.

Landscape of the Bassa: a farm in the province of Cremona, southern Lombardy.

Natural vegetation (central-European broadleaved trees) of the Padan Plain

The Po Valley as seen by the ESA's Sentinel-2.

1585 map depicting the eastern Po Valley and river delta, Vatican Museums.

The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain (Pianura Padana, or Val Padana) is a major geographical feature of Northern Italy.

Republic of Venice

11 links

The Doge of Venice, illustrated in the manuscript Théâtre de tous les peuples et nations de la terre avec leurs habits et ornemens divers, tant anciens que modernes, diligemment depeints au naturel. Painted by Lucas d'Heere in the 2nd half of the 16th century. Preserved by the Ghent University Library.

Map of the Venetian Republic, circa 1000

Procession in St Mark's Square by Gentile Bellini in 1496

Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice during the War of the League of Cambrai.

The Venetian fort of Palamidi in Nafplion, Greece, one of many forts that secured Venetian trade routes in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Greater coat of arms of the Republic, with its various possessions and claims, in the aftermath of the Morean War

Drawing of the Doge's Palace, late 14th century

The governmental structure of the Venetian Republic

The hearing given by the Doge in the Sala del Collegio in Doge's Palace by Francesco Guardi, 1775–80

Voyage of Marco Polo into the Far East during the Pax Mongolica

The Piraeus Lion in Venice, in front of the Venetian Arsenal

Relief of the Venetian Lion on the Landward Gate in Zara (Zadar), capital of the Venetian Dalmatia

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Parenzo (Poreč)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Cattaro (Kotor)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Candia (Heraklion)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Frangokastello, Crete

Venetian blazon with the Lion of Saint Mark, as frequently found on the New Fortress walls, Corfu.

The sack of Constantinople in 1204 on a mosaic in the San Giovanni Evangelista church in Ravenna, 1213

The Republic of Venice (Repubblica di Venezia; Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic (Repubblica Veneta; Repùblega Vèneta), traditionally known as La Serenissima (Most Serene Republic of Venice; Serenissima Repubblica di Venezia; Serenìsima Res-piovega de Venèsia), was a sovereign state and maritime republic in parts of present-day Italy (mainly northeastern Italy) which existed for 1100 years from 697 AD until 1797 AD. Centered on the lagoon communities of the prosperous city of Venice, it incorporated numerous overseas possessions in modern Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Greece, Albania and Cyprus.

Bologna

9 links

Porta Maggiore, one of the twelve medieval city gates of Bologna

Depiction of a 14th-century fight between the Guelf and Ghibelline factions in Bologna, from the Croniche of Giovanni Sercambi of Lucca

Engraving of the city of Bologna from Leandro Alberti's History of Bologna, 1590, showing the two surviving towers and several others

Piazza del Nettuno in 1855, looking towards Piazza Maggiore

Sappers of the 136 Indian Railway Maintenance Company repair some of the extensive damage to the railyards in 1945.

Aerial photograph of Bologna (from East to West).

Matteo Lepore, mayor of Bologna since 2021

Fiera District, seat of the regional government of Emilia-Romagna

Piazza Maggiore, with San Petronio Basilica, Palazzo dei Banchi and Palazzo del Podestà

The colourful open-air market of Via Pescherie Vecchie

View from the top of the Basilica di San Petronio: the dome of Santuario di Santa Maria della Vita dominates the foreground; the Asinelli (higher) and Garisenda towers ("Due Torri") are seen on the right.

Unipol Tower, at 127 m, is the city's tallest building.

A Trolleybus of the urban trolleybus network managed by TPER, photographed in Via Saffi

The University of Bologna is the world's oldest institution of higher learning, founded in AD 1088.

Anatomical theatre of the Archiginnasio, dating from 1637

The International museum and library of music displays ancient musical instruments and unique musical scores from the 16th to the 20th centuries.

Tagliatelle al ragù bolognese, as served in Bologna

The 32,000-capacity Stadio Renato Dall'Ara is the home of Bologna FC 1909.

Pope Benedict XIV, born in Bologna in 1675

Bologna is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy.

Verona

10 links

The Lion of Saint Mark, located in Piazza delle Erbe, the symbol of the Venetian Republic

The Arche scaligere, tombs of the ancient lords of Verona

Panoramic view of the city from Castel San Pietro

Palazzo del Governo is the seat of the Province of Verona

San Zeno Basilica, like many other Veronese churches, is built with alternating layers of white stone and bricks

Verona (, ; Verona or Veròna) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants.

Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)

10 links

The Kingdom of Italy in 1807, with Istria and Dalmatia, shown in yellow

The Kingdom of Italy in 1811, shown in pink

40 lire coin of the<BR>Regno d'Italia (1808)

5 lire coin of the<BR>Regno d'Italia (1812)

The Kingdom of Italy in 1812, when it was extended from Bolzano to central Adriatic Italy (Marche), losing at the same time Istria and Dalmatia

The murder of finance minister Prina in Milan marked the effective end of the kingdom.

Eugène de Beauharnais Viceroy of Italy 1805–1814

Augusto Caffarelli Minister of War 1806–1810

Achille Fontanelli Minister of War 1811–1813

Ferdinando Marescalchi Minister of Foreign Affairs 1805–1814

Giuseppe Luosi Minister of Justice 1805–1814

Troop uniforms of the Kingdom of Italy, 1805–14

The Kingdom of Italy (1805–1814; Regno d'Italia; Royaume d'Italie) was a kingdom in Northern Italy (formerly the Italian Republic) in personal union with France under Napoleon I.

Emilia-Romagna

9 links

One of the 20 administrative regions of Italy, situated in the north of the country, comprising the historical regions of Emilia and Romagna.

Seat of the Regional Assembly of Emilia-Romagna in Bologna

Wheat fields in Province of Reggio Emilia

Ferrari 458 Spider.The provinces of Modena and Bologna are well known for their sport car industry

Bernardo Bertolucci's star on Hollywood Walk of Fame

They belong to the Northern Italian group within Romance languages (like Piedmontese, Lombard, Ligurian and Venetian), which is included in the wider group of western Romance languages (including French, Occitan and Catalan).