A report on Veneto and Northern Italy

Venice, the primary tourist destination and the capital of Veneto

Ancient peoples of Northern Italy, with Celtic peoples shown in blue.

Migration of the Lombards towards Northern Italy

Member cities of the first and second Lombard League.

The Iron Crown of Lombardy, for centuries a symbol of the Kings of Italy

Anti-Fascist Partisans in the streets of Bologna after the general insurrection of April 1945

The Alps in Val Maira, Province of Cuneo

The Tetrarchs were the four co-rulers who governed the Roman Empire as long as Diocletian's reform lasted. Here they are portrayed embracing, in a posture of harmony, in a porphyry sculpture dating from the 4th century, produced in Anatolia, located today on a corner of St Mark's Basilica in Venice.

Farming landscape in the Po Plain at Sant'Agata Bolognese

The Horses of Saint Mark, brought as loot from Constantinople in 1204.

Alpine lakes like Lake Garda are characterised by warmer microclimates than the surrounding areas

An 18th-century view of Venice by Canaletto.

Fog on the Secchia River near Modena. Fog is a common occurrence in the Po Plain

The 13th-century Castel Brando in Cison di Valmarino, Treviso.

Languages and regional varieties in Italy

St Mark's Basilica, the seat of the Patriarch of Venice.

The Prato della Valle in Padua, a work of Italian Renaissance architecture.

Antonio Canova's Psyche Revived by Love's Kiss.

The Church of Santa Maria della Salute in Venice

A trait that shows the structure of the Calà del Sasso

Non-administrative, it consists of eight administrative Regions in northern Italy: Aosta Valley, Piedmont, Liguria, Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino-Alto Adige.

- Northern Italy

In 1167 an alliance (called the Lombard League) was formed among the Venetian cities such as Padua, Treviso, Vicenza, and Verona with other cities of Northern Italy to assert their rights against the Holy Roman Emperor.

- Veneto

14 related topics with Alpha

Italy

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Country that consists of a peninsula delimited by the Alps and several islands surrounding it; its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region.

Expansion of the territory called "Italy" from ancient Greece until Diocletian

Marco Polo, explorer of the 13th century, recorded his 24 years-long travels in the Book of the Marvels of the World, introducing Europeans to Central Asia and China.

The Italian states before the beginning of the Italian Wars in 1494

Leonardo da Vinci, the quintessential Renaissance man, in a self-portrait (ca. 1512, Royal Library, Turin)

Christopher Columbus leads an expedition to the New World, 1492. His voyages are celebrated as the discovery of the Americas from a European perspective, and they opened a new era in the history of humankind and sustained contact between the two worlds.

Flag of the Cispadane Republic, which was the first Italian tricolour adopted by a sovereign Italian state (1797)

Holographic copy of 1847 of Il Canto degli Italiani, the Italian national anthem since 1946

Animated map of the Italian unification from 1829 to 1871

The Victor Emmanuel II Monument in Rome, a national symbol of Italy celebrating the first king of the unified country, and resting place of the Italian Unknown Soldier since the end of World War I. It was inaugurated in 1911, on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the Unification of Italy.

The fascist dictator Benito Mussolini titled himself Duce and ruled the country from 1922 to 1943.

Areas controlled by the Italian Empire at its peak

Italian partisans in Milan during the Italian Civil War, April 1945

Alcide De Gasperi, first republican Prime Minister of Italy and one of the Founding Fathers of the European Union

The signing ceremony of the Treaty of Rome on 25 March 1957, creating the European Economic Community, forerunner of the present-day European Union

Funerals of the victims of the Bologna bombing of 2 August 1980, the deadliest attack ever perpetrated in Italy during the Years of Lead

Italian government task force to face the COVID-19 emergency

Dolphins in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Aeolian Islands

Gran Paradiso, established in 1922, is the oldest Italian national park.

The Italian wolf, the national animal of Italy

Köppen-Geiger climate classification map of Italy

The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of Italy.

An Alfa Romeo 159 vehicle of the Carabinieri corps

Group photo of the G7 leaders at the 43rd G7 summit in Taormina

Heraldic coat of arms of the Italian Armed Forces

A proportional representation of Italy exports, 2019

Milan is the economic capital of Italy, and is a global financial centre and a fashion capital of the world.

The Autostrada dei Laghi ("Lakes Motorway"), the first motorway built in the world

FS' Frecciarossa 1000 high speed train, with a maximum speed of 400 km/h

Trieste, the main port of the northern Adriatic and starting point of the Transalpine Pipeline

ENI is considered one of the world's oil and gas "Supermajors".

Solar panels in Piombino. Italy is one of the world's largest producers of renewable energy.

Galileo Galilei, the father of modern science, physics and astronomy

Enrico Fermi, creator of the world's first first nuclear reactor

The Amalfi Coast is one of Italy's major tourist destinations.

Map of Italy's population density at the 2011 census

Italy is home to a large population of migrants from Eastern Europe and North Africa.

Linguistic map showing the languages spoken in Italy

Vatican City, the Holy See's sovereign territory

Bologna University, established in AD 1088, is the world's oldest academic institution.

Olive oil and vegetables are central to the Mediterranean diet.

The Last Supper (1494–1499), Leonardo da Vinci, Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

Michelangelo's David (1501–1504), Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence

The Birth of Venus (1484–1486), Sandro Botticelli, Uffizi Gallery, Florence

Dante shown holding a copy of the Divine Comedy, next to the entrance to Hell, the mount of Purgatory and the city of Florence, with the spheres of Heaven above, in Michelino's fresco, 1465

Niccolò Machiavelli, founder of modern political science and ethics

Pinocchio is one of the world's most translated books and a canonical piece of children's literature.

Clockwise from top left: Thomas Aquinas, proponent of natural theology and the Father of Thomism; Giordano Bruno, one of the major scientific figures of the Western world; Cesare Beccaria, considered the Father of criminal justice and modern criminal law; and Maria Montessori, credited with the creation of the Montessori education

Statues of Pantalone and Harlequin, two stock characters from the Commedia dell'arte, in the Museo Teatrale alla Scala

Dario Fo, one of the most widely performed playwrights in modern theatre, received international acclaim for his highly improvisational style.

Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer whose operas, including La bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly and Turandot, are among the most frequently worldwide performed in the standard repertoire

Luciano Pavarotti, considered one of the finest tenors of the 20th century and the "King of the High Cs"

Giorgio Moroder, pioneer of Italo disco and electronic dance music, is known as the "Father of disco".

The Azzurri in 2012. Football is the most popular sport in Italy.

Starting in 1909, the Giro d'Italia is the Grands Tours' second oldest.

A Ferrari SF21 by Scuderia Ferrari, the most successful Formula One team

Prada shop at Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan

The traditional recipe for spaghetti with tomato and basil sauce

The Frecce Tricolori, with the smoke trails representing the national colours of Italy, during the celebrations of the Festa della Repubblica

The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world.

In addition to the various ancient peoples dispersed throughout what is now modern-day Italy, the most predominant being the Indo-European Italic peoples who gave the peninsula its name, beginning from the classical era, Phoenicians and Carthaginians founded colonies mostly in insular Italy, Greeks established settlements in the so-called Magna Graecia of Southern Italy, while Etruscans and Celts inhabited central and northern Italy respectively.

In 1866, Victor Emmanuel II allied with Prussia during the Austro-Prussian War, waging the Third Italian War of Independence which allowed Italy to annexe Venetia.

Lombardy

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One of the twenty administrative regions of Italy.

Pizzo Coca is the highest peak in the Bergamasque Alps (3,050 m)

The Adda, the longest river within the region and tributary of the Po

The Rock Drawings in Valcamonica are among the largest collections of prehistoric petroglyphs in the world.

For centuries, the Iron Crown of Lombardy was used in the Coronation of the King of Italy.

The Consulta of the République cisalpine receives the First Consul on 26 January 1802

A view over the business district of Milan: with a metropolitan area of 7.4m people, it is Italy's most important industrial, commercial and financial center.

Palazzo Lombardia, the main seat of the government of Lombardy.

The provinces/metropolitan cities of Lombardy

The Last Supper, Convent of Sta. Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy (1499), by Leonardo da Vinci

The Floating Piers by Christo and Jeanne-Claude on Lake Iseo (2016)

Gorgonzola cheese takes its name from the homonymous city near Milan

The auditorium of the Teatro alla Scala in Milan.

Dolce & Gabbana is headquartered in Milan.

Provolone Valpadana (pasta filata cheese)

It is bordered by Switzerland (north: Canton Ticino and Canton Graubünden) and by the Italian regions of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and Veneto (east), Emilia-Romagna (south), and Piedmont (west).

Lombardy counts many protected areas: the most important are the Stelvio National Park (the largest Italian natural park), with typically alpine wildlife: red deer, roe deer, ibex, chamois, foxes, ermine and also golden eagles; and the Ticino Valley Natural Park, instituted in 1974 on the Lombard side of the Ticino River to protect and conserve one of the last major examples of fluvial forest in northern Italy.

Republic of Venice

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The Doge of Venice, illustrated in the manuscript Théâtre de tous les peuples et nations de la terre avec leurs habits et ornemens divers, tant anciens que modernes, diligemment depeints au naturel. Painted by Lucas d'Heere in the 2nd half of the 16th century. Preserved by the Ghent University Library.

Map of the Venetian Republic, circa 1000

Procession in St Mark's Square by Gentile Bellini in 1496

Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice during the War of the League of Cambrai.

The Venetian fort of Palamidi in Nafplion, Greece, one of many forts that secured Venetian trade routes in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Greater coat of arms of the Republic, with its various possessions and claims, in the aftermath of the Morean War

Drawing of the Doge's Palace, late 14th century

The governmental structure of the Venetian Republic

The hearing given by the Doge in the Sala del Collegio in Doge's Palace by Francesco Guardi, 1775–80

Voyage of Marco Polo into the Far East during the Pax Mongolica

The Piraeus Lion in Venice, in front of the Venetian Arsenal

Relief of the Venetian Lion on the Landward Gate in Zara (Zadar), capital of the Venetian Dalmatia

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Parenzo (Poreč)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Cattaro (Kotor)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Candia (Heraklion)

Relief of the Venetian Lion in Frangokastello, Crete

Venetian blazon with the Lion of Saint Mark, as frequently found on the New Fortress walls, Corfu.

The sack of Constantinople in 1204 on a mosaic in the San Giovanni Evangelista church in Ravenna, 1213

The Republic of Venice (Repubblica di Venezia; Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic (Repubblica Veneta; Repùblega Vèneta), traditionally known as La Serenissima (Most Serene Republic of Venice; Serenissima Repubblica di Venezia; Serenìsima Res-piovega de Venèsia), was a sovereign state and maritime republic in parts of present-day Italy (mainly northeastern Italy) which existed for 1100 years from 697 AD until 1797 AD. Centered on the lagoon communities of the prosperous city of Venice, it incorporated numerous overseas possessions in modern Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Greece, Albania and Cyprus.

The pope wanted Romagna; Emperor Maximilian I: Friuli and Veneto; Spain: the Apulian ports; the king of France: Cremona; the king of Hungary: Dalmatia, and each one some of another's part.

Padua

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Remnants of Padua's Roman amphitheatre wall

The Botanical Garden of Padova today; in the background, the Basilica of Sant'Antonio

The unfinished façade of Padua Cathedral

Clock tower and Lion of St. Mark, symbol of the Serenissima Repubblic

Last Judgment by Giotto, part of the Scrovegni Chapel.

This tempera, Two Christians before the Judges, hangs in the city's Cathedral.

Loggia Amulea, as seen from Prato della Valle

Torre degli Anziani as seen from Piazza della Frutta

The Astronomical clock as seen from Piazza dei Signori

Padua (Padova ; Pàdova) is a city and comune in Veneto, northern Italy.

Annexed to Italy during 1866, Padua was at the centre of the poorest area of Northern Italy, as Veneto was until the 1960s.

The Padan Plain in Northern Italy (green) and the Po river basin in the Plain (red circle)

Po Valley

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Map showing the river Po and tributaries in the Padan Plain. Note the numerous Italian Lakes on the margin of the Alps.

The regions of Italy as defined by the government of Italy. According to the Po Basin Water Board, the valley includes: 14) Piedmont, 2) Aosta Valley, 11) Lombardy, 20) Veneto, 10) Liguria, 7) Emilia-Romagna, 17) Trentino-Alto Adige, and 8) Friuli-Venezia Giulia

Carmagnola, countryside near the river Po

Rice fields in the province of Vercelli, eastern Piedmont.

Landscape of the Bassa: a farm in the province of Cremona, southern Lombardy.

Natural vegetation (central-European broadleaved trees) of the Padan Plain

The Po Valley as seen by the ESA's Sentinel-2.

1585 map depicting the eastern Po Valley and river delta, Vatican Museums.

The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain (Pianura Padana, or Val Padana) is a major geographical feature of Northern Italy.

The flatlands of Veneto and Friuli are often considered apart since they do not drain into the Po, but they effectively combine into an unbroken plain, making it the largest in Southern Europe.

Verona

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The Lion of Saint Mark, located in Piazza delle Erbe, the symbol of the Venetian Republic

The Arche scaligere, tombs of the ancient lords of Verona

Panoramic view of the city from Castel San Pietro

Palazzo del Governo is the seat of the Province of Verona

San Zeno Basilica, like many other Veronese churches, is built with alternating layers of white stone and bricks

Verona (, ; Verona or Veròna) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants.

Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)

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The Kingdom of Italy in 1807, with Istria and Dalmatia, shown in yellow

The Kingdom of Italy in 1811, shown in pink

40 lire coin of the<BR>Regno d'Italia (1808)

5 lire coin of the<BR>Regno d'Italia (1812)

The Kingdom of Italy in 1812, when it was extended from Bolzano to central Adriatic Italy (Marche), losing at the same time Istria and Dalmatia

The murder of finance minister Prina in Milan marked the effective end of the kingdom.

Eugène de Beauharnais Viceroy of Italy 1805–1814

Augusto Caffarelli Minister of War 1806–1810

Achille Fontanelli Minister of War 1811–1813

Ferdinando Marescalchi Minister of Foreign Affairs 1805–1814

Giuseppe Luosi Minister of Justice 1805–1814

Troop uniforms of the Kingdom of Italy, 1805–14

The Kingdom of Italy (1805–1814; Regno d'Italia; Royaume d'Italie) was a kingdom in Northern Italy (formerly the Italian Republic) in personal union with France under Napoleon I.

It covered Savoy and the modern provinces of Lombardy, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trentino, South Tyrol, and Marche.

Kingdom of Italy

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State that existed from 1861—when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy—until 1946, when civil discontent led an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.

Map of the Kingdom of Italy at its greatest extent in 1943

Italian unification between 1815 and 1870

Count Camillo Benso of Cavour, the first Prime Minister of the unified Italy

Victor Emmanuel II, the first King of the united Italy

Giuseppe Garibaldi, a major military leader during Italian unification

A factory machinery exposition in Turin, set in 1898, during the period of early industrialization, National Exhibition of Turin, 1898

Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milano was an architectural work created by Giuseppe Mengoni between 1865 and 1877 and named after the first King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel II.

The Triple Alliance in 1913, shown in red

Francesco Crispi promoted the Italian colonialism in Africa in the late 19th century.

The Ain Zara oasis during the Italo-Turkish War: propaganda postcard made by the Italian Army

Italian mounted infantry in China during the Boxer Rebellion in 1900

Italian dirigibles bomb Turkish positions in Libya, as the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912 was the first in history in which air attacks (carried out here by dirigible airships) determined the outcome.

Giovanni Giolitti was Prime Minister of Italy five times between 1892 and 1921.

Italy and its colonial possessions at the time of the outbreak of World War I: the area between British Egypt and the firmly held Italian territories is the region of southern Cyrenaica which was under dispute of ownership between Italy and the United Kingdom.

Gabriele D'Annunzio, national poet (vate) of Italy and a prominent nationalist revolutionary who was a supporter of Italy joining action in World War I

Generalissimo Luigi Cadorna (the man to the left of two officers to whom he is speaking) while visiting British batteries during World War I

Italian propaganda poster depicting the Battle of the Piave River

Members of the Arditi corps in 1918. More than 650,000 Italian soldiers lost their lives on the battlefields of World War I.

Armando Diaz, Chief of Staff of the Italian Army since November 1917, halted the Austro-Hungarian advance along the Piave River and launched counter-offensives which led to a decisive victory on the Italian Front. He is celebrated as one of the greatest generals of World War I.

Italian propaganda dropped over Vienna by Gabriele D'Annunzio in 1918

Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (2nd from left) at the World War I peace negotiations in Versailles with David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson (from left)

Residents of Fiume cheering D'Annunzio and his Legionari in September 1919, when Fiume had 22,488 (62% of the population) Italians in a total population of 35,839 inhabitants

Benito Mussolini (second from left) and his Fascist Blackshirts in 1920

Mussolini was initially a highly popular leader in Italy until Italy's military failures in World War II.

Haile Selassie's resistance to the Italian invasion of Ethiopia made him Man of the Year in 1935 by Time.

The Italian Empire (red) before World War II. Pink areas were annexed/occupied for various periods between 1940 and 1943 (the Tientsin concession in China is not shown).

Erwin Rommel meeting Italian General Italo Gariboldi in Tripoli, February 1941

The Italian Army in Russia fought on the Eastern Front.

Territory of the Italian Social Republic and the South Kingdom

Three men executed by public hanging in a street of Rimini, 1944

Rebels celebrating the liberation of Naples, after the Four days of Naples (27–30 September 1943)

Members of the Italian resistance in Ossola, 1944

Italy declared war on Austria in alliance with Prussia in 1866 and received the region of Veneto following their victory.

He led the Italian republican drive for unification in Southern Italy, but the Northern Italian monarchy of the House of Savoy in the Kingdom of Sardinia, a state with an important Italian population, whose government was led by Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, also had ambitions of establishing a united Italian state.

Lega Nord

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Lega Nord (Northern League; abbr.

Umberto Bossi at the first rally in Pontida, 1990

Roberto Maroni speaks at the federal congress in Milan, 1 July 2012

Placard for the 2018 electoral campaign, resembling Donald Trump's one in 2016

Statue of Alberto da Giussano, the Medieval knight who inspired Umberto Bossi

Campervan of Lega Nord for the 2005 Tuscan regional election in Florence

The Sun of the Alps, the proposed flag for Padania by Lega Nord

Matteo Salvini speaks in a Lega Nord rally in Turin, 2013

"Festival of the Padanian Peoples" in Venice, 2011

Traditional rally of Lega Nord in Pontida, 2011

Traditional rally of Lega Nord in Pontida, 2013

In 1989 the LN was established as a federation of six regional parties from northern and north-central Italy (Liga Veneta, Lega Lombarda, Piemont Autonomista, Uniun Ligure, Lega Emiliano-Romagnola and Alleanza Toscana), which became the party's founding "national" sections in 1991.

At the 1983 general election, Liga Veneta (based in Veneto) elected a deputy, Achille Tramarin; and a senator, Graziano Girardi.

Lombard possessions in Italy: the Lombard Kingdom (Neustria, Austria and Tuscia) and the Lombard Duchies of Spoleto and Benevento

Lombards

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The Lombards or Langobards (Langobardi) were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774.

Distribution of Langobardic burial fields at the Lower Elbe Lands (according to W. Wegewitz)

Lombard grave goods (6th-7th century), Milan, Lombardy

Plutei of Theodota, mid 8th century, Civic Museums of Pavia.

The Frankish Merovingian King Chlothar II in combat with the Lombards

King Liutprand (712-744) "was a zealous Catholic, generous and a great founder of monasteries"

Lombard Duchy of Benevento in the eighth century

Italy around the turn of the millennium, showing the Lombard states in the south on the eve of the arrival of the Normans.

The West-Germanic languages around the sixth century CE

The runic inscription from the Pforzen buckle may be the earliest written example of Lombardic language

Lombard warrior, bronze statue, 8th century, Pavia Civic Museums.

The Rule of Saint Benedict in Beneventan (i.e. Lombard) script

Lombard shield boss<BR>northern Italy, 7th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art

A glass drinking horn from Castel Trosino

8th-century Lombard sculpture depicting female martyrs, based on a Byzantine model. Tempietto Longobardo, Cividale del Friuli

In the summer of 569, the Lombards conquered the main Roman centre of northern Italy, Milan.

He extended his dominions, conquering Liguria in 643 and the remaining part of the Byzantine territories of inner Veneto, including the Roman city of Opitergium (Oderzo).