Observation

Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source.

Information is conveyed either as the content of a message or through direct or indirect observation.

The scientific method requires observations of natural phenomena to formulate and test hypotheses.

The purpose of an experiment is to determine whether observations agree with or conflict with the predictions derived from a hypothesis.

The scientific method requires observations of natural phenomena to formulate and test hypotheses.

For a hypothesis to be a scientific hypothesis, the scientific method requires that one can test it. Scientists generally base scientific hypotheses on previous observations that cannot satisfactorily be explained with the available scientific theories.

Observations can be qualitative, that is, only the absence or presence of a property is noted, or quantitative if a numerical value is attached to the observed phenomenon by counting or measuring.

The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships.

5) Test the hypothesis' predictions by an experiment, observational study, field study, or simulation

Field research involves a range of well-defined, although variable, methods: informal interviews, direct observation, participation in the life of the group, collective discussions, analyses of personal documents produced within the group, self-analysis, results from activities undertaken off- or on-line, and life-histories.

Observational astronomy

It is the practice and study of observing celestial objects with the use of telescopes and other astronomical instruments.

Introspection

Introspection is closely related to human self-reflection and is contrasted with external observation.

Observations and Measurements

Observations and Measurements (O&M) is an International Standard which defines a conceptual schema encoding for observations, and for features involved in sampling when making observations.

This is called the "streetlight effect".

The streetlight effect, or the drunkard's search principle, is a type of observational bias that occurs when people only search for something where it is easiest to look.

Observations can be qualitative, that is, only the absence or presence of a property is noted, or quantitative if a numerical value is attached to the observed phenomenon by counting or measuring.

In science, an empirical relationship is a relationship or correlation based solely on observation rather than theory.

Observational error

Systematic error may also refer to an error with a non-zero mean, the effect of which is not reduced when observations are averaged.

Observable quantity

In statistics, observable variable or observable quantity (also manifest variables), as opposed to latent variable, is a variable that can be observed and directly measured.

Clinical trials are experiments or observations done in clinical research.

Experimental physics is the category of disciplines and sub-disciplines in the field of physics that are concerned with the observation of physical phenomena and experiments.

Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

Observational cosmology is the study of the structure, the evolution and the origin of the universe through observation, using instruments such as telescopes and cosmic ray detectors.

Visible-light astronomy encompasses a wide variety of observations via telescopes that are sensitive in the range of visible light (optical telescopes).

Qualitative research is a scientific method of observation to gather non-numerical data.

Modern music psychology is primarily empirical; its knowledge tends to advance on the basis of interpretations of data collected by systematic observation of and interaction with human participants.

Each scientific law is a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the Universe.

In addition to marksmanship and long range shooting, military snipers are trained in a variety of tactical techniques: detection, stalking, and target range estimation methods, camouflage, field craft, infiltration, special reconnaissance and observation, surveillance and target acquisition.

A traffic camera is a video camera which observes vehicular traffic on a road.

An observer is one who engages in observation or in watching an experiment.

These indigenous learning styles often include: observation, imitation, use of narrative/storytelling, collaboration, and cooperation, as seen among American Indian, Alaska Native and Latin American communities.

The Bedford Level experiment is a series of observations carried out along a 6 mi length of the Old Bedford River on the Bedford Level of the Cambridgeshire Fens in the United Kingdom, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, to measure the curvature of the Earth.