Open research
transparentresearchTransparencyTransparency (science)
Open research is research conducted in the spirit of free and open-source software.wikipedia
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Open science
open-scienceopen peer reviewopen scientific
Especially if the research is scientific in nature, it is frequently referred to as open science.
It encompasses practices such as publishing open research, campaigning for open access, encouraging scientists to practice open notebook science, and generally making it easier to publish and communicate scientific knowledge.



Open access
open-accessopen access journalopen-access journal
Projects that provide open data but don't offer open collaboration are referred to as "open access" rather than open research.
The emergence of open science or open research has brought to light a number of controversial and hotly-debated topics.





Open data
Open government dataopendata
Providing open data is a necessary but not sufficient condition for open research, because although the data may be used by anyone, there is no requirement for subsequent research to take place openly.


Science 2.0
science2.0
It is similar to the open research and open science movements and is inspired by Web 2.0 technologies.



Open peer review
public peer reviewopen peer-reviewopen peer-reviewed
Free and open-source software
free and open-sourcefree and open source softwareFOSS
Open research is research conducted in the spirit of free and open-source software.

Source code
codesourcesource file
Much like open-source schemes that are built around a source code that is made public, the central theme of open research is to make clear accounts of the methodology freely available via the internet, along with any data or results extracted or derived from them.
Social science
social sciencessocial scientistsocial
Open research can also include social sciences, the humanities, mathematics, engineering and medicine.









Humanities
Humanitythe humanitieshumanistic
Open research can also include social sciences, the humanities, mathematics, engineering and medicine.









Mathematics
mathematicalmathmathematician
Open research can also include social sciences, the humanities, mathematics, engineering and medicine.








Share-alike
ShareAlikeShare Alike Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license
Providing open data is a necessary but not sufficient condition for open research, because although the data may be used by anyone, there is no requirement for subsequent research to take place openly.
Crowdsourcing
crowdsourcedcrowd-sourcedcrowdsource
Crowdsourcing projects that recruit large numbers of participants to carry out small tasks which are then assembled into a larger project outcome have delivered significant research outcomes, but these projects are distinct from those in which participants are able to influence the overall direction of the research, or in which participants are expected to have creative input into the science behind the project.

Copyright
copyright lawcopyrightscopyrighted
Issues with copyright are dealt with by using either standard copyright (where applicable), releasing the content into the Public domain or by releasing the content under licenses such as one of the Creative Commons licenses or one of the GNU General Public Licenses.





Public domain
public domain resourcepublic-domainPD
Issues with copyright are dealt with by using either standard copyright (where applicable), releasing the content into the Public domain or by releasing the content under licenses such as one of the Creative Commons licenses or one of the GNU General Public Licenses.

Creative Commons license
CC-By-SACC BY-SACC0
Issues with copyright are dealt with by using either standard copyright (where applicable), releasing the content into the Public domain or by releasing the content under licenses such as one of the Creative Commons licenses or one of the GNU General Public Licenses.

GNU General Public License
GPLGNU GPLGPLv2
Issues with copyright are dealt with by using either standard copyright (where applicable), releasing the content into the Public domain or by releasing the content under licenses such as one of the Creative Commons licenses or one of the GNU General Public Licenses.


Neglected tropical diseases
neglected tropical diseaseneglected diseasesneglected disease
In 2005, several examples arose in the area of the search for new/improved medical treatments of Neglected Diseases.




Open-source appropriate technology
open source appropriate technologyopen-source-appropriate technologyopen source appropriate technologies
Science and engineering research to support the creation of open-source appropriate technology for sustainable development has long used open research principles.
Sustainable development
sustainablesustainable growthsustainability
Science and engineering research to support the creation of open-source appropriate technology for sustainable development has long used open research principles.







Citizendium
Citizendium.orghistory of Citizendium
Wiki-based examples include: Appropedia, Wikiversity, Citizendium, Scholarpedia.








Scholarpedia
Wiki-based examples include: Appropedia, Wikiversity, Citizendium, Scholarpedia.



Figshare
In 2013, open research became more mainstream with web based platforms such as figshare continuing to grow in terms of users and publicly available outputs.