A report on Pāṇini
Sanskrit philologist, grammarian, and revered scholar in ancient India, variously dated between the 6th and 4th century BCE.
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Vyākaraṇa
5 linksVyākaraṇa (व्याकरण, ) refers to one of the six ancient Vedangas, ancillary science connected with the Vedas, which are scriptures in Hinduism.
Vyākaraṇa (व्याकरण, ) refers to one of the six ancient Vedangas, ancillary science connected with the Vedas, which are scriptures in Hinduism.
Pāṇini and Yāska are the two celebrated ancient scholars of Vyākaraṇa; both are dated to several centuries prior to the start of the common era, with Pāṇini likely from the fifth century BCE.
Patanjali
4 linksSage in Ancient India.
Sage in Ancient India.
The author of the Mahābhāṣya, an ancient treatise on Sanskrit grammar and linguistics, based on the Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini. This Patañjali's life is dated to mid 2nd century BCE by both Western and Indian scholars. This text was titled as a bhashya or "commentary" on Kātyāyana-Pāṇini's work by Patanjali, but is so revered in the Indian traditions that it is widely known simply as Mahā-bhasya or "Great commentary". As per Ganesh Sripad Huparikar, actually, Patanjali (2nd century BCE), the forerunner among ancient grammatical commentators, “adopted an etymological and dialectical method of explaining in the whole of his 'Mahābhāshya' (Great Commentary), and this has assumed, in the later commentary literature the definite form of 'Khanda-anvaya'.” So vigorous, well reasoned and vast is his text, that this Patanjali has been the authority as the last grammarian of classical Sanskrit for more than 2,000 years, with Pāṇini and Kātyāyana preceding him. Their ideas on structure, grammar and philosophy of language have also influenced scholars of other Indian religions such as Buddhism and Jainism.
Morphology (linguistics)
4 linksStudy of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language.
Study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language.
The history of morphological analysis dates back to the ancient Indian linguist Pāṇini, who formulated the 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology in the text Aṣṭādhyāyī by using a constituency grammar.
Sanskrit
3 linksClassical language of South Asia that belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
Classical language of South Asia that belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
Sanskrit can also more narrowly refer to Classical Sanskrit, a refined and standardized grammatical form that emerged in the mid-1st millennium BCE and was codified in the most comprehensive of ancient grammars, the Aṣṭādhyāyī ('Eight chapters') of Pāṇini.
Syntax
3 linksStudy of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences.
Study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences.
The Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini, from c. 4th century BC in Ancient India, is often cited as an example of a premodern work that approaches the sophistication of a modern syntactic theory since works on grammar had been written long before modern syntax came about.
Grammar
3 linksIts set of structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words.
Its set of structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words.
The first systematic grammar, of Sanskrit, originated in Iron Age India, with Yaska (6th century BC), Pāṇini (6th–5th century BC ) and his commentators Pingala (c.
Aṣṭādhyāyī
3 linksGrammar that describes a form of early Indo-Aryan: Sanskrit.
Grammar that describes a form of early Indo-Aryan: Sanskrit.
Authored by Sanskrit philologist and scholar Pāṇini and dated to around 500 BCE, it describes the language as current in his time, specifically the dialect and register of an élite of model speakers, referred to by Pāṇini himself as śiṣṭa.
Sanskrit grammar
2 linksThe grammar of the Sanskrit language has a complex verbal system, rich nominal declension, and extensive use of compound nouns.
The grammar of the Sanskrit language has a complex verbal system, rich nominal declension, and extensive use of compound nouns.
It was studied and codified by Sanskrit grammarians from the later Vedic period (roughly 8th century BCE), culminating in the Pāṇinian grammar of the 4th century BCE.
Linguistics
3 linksScientific study of human language.
Scientific study of human language.
The earliest activities in the description of language have been attributed to the 6th-century-BC Indian grammarian Pāṇini who wrote a formal description of the Sanskrit language in his .
Sphoṭa
3 linksImportant concept in the Indian grammatical tradition of Vyakarana, relating to the problem of speech production, how the mind orders linguistic units into coherent discourse and meaning.
Important concept in the Indian grammatical tradition of Vyakarana, relating to the problem of speech production, how the mind orders linguistic units into coherent discourse and meaning.
There is no use of ' as a technical term prior to Patañjali, but Pāṇini (6.1.123) refers to a grammarian named ' as one of his predecessors.