A report on Pompey and Roman dictator
Sulla defeated the Marians and was appointed as Dictator.
- PompeyThe later consulship of Pompey in 52 BC also is reported to have been initially intended as a dictatorship; it was, however, aborted by his election as sole consul (without colleague) to restore order.
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Julius Caesar
6 linksRoman general and statesman.
Roman general and statesman.
A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator of Rome from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
Roman Republic
6 linksState of the classical Roman civilization, run through public representation of the Roman people.
State of the classical Roman civilization, run through public representation of the Roman people.
These multiple tensions led to a series of civil wars; the first between the two generals Julius Caesar and Pompey.
Despite his victory and appointment as dictator for life, Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC. Caesar's heir Octavian and lieutenant Mark Antony defeated Caesar's assassins Brutus and Cassius in 42 BC, but they eventually split up thereafter.
Sulla
4 linksRoman general and statesman.
Roman general and statesman.
Sulla had the distinction of holding the office of consul twice, as well as reviving the dictatorship.
In this last rebellion of the Italian allies, Sulla outshone both Marius and the consul Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo (the father of Pompey).
Marcus Licinius Crassus
4 linksRoman general and statesman who played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
Roman general and statesman who played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
Following Sulla's assumption of the dictatorship, Crassus amassed an enormous fortune through real estate speculation.
Crassus rose to political prominence following his victory over the slave revolt led by Spartacus, sharing the consulship with his rival Pompey the Great.
Augustus
4 linksThe first Roman emperor, reigning from 27 BC until his death in AD 14.
The first Roman emperor, reigning from 27 BC until his death in AD 14.
Following their victory at the Battle of Philippi (42 BC), the Triumvirate divided the Roman Republic among themselves and ruled as de facto dictators.
In 46 BC, she consented for him to join Caesar in Hispania, where he planned to fight the forces of Pompey, Caesar's late enemy, but Octavius fell ill and was unable to travel.
Mark Antony
4 linksRoman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.
Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.
Years earlier in 63 BC, the Roman general Pompey had captured him and his father, King Aristobulus II, during his war against the remnant of the Seleucid Empire.
Fearing the persecutions of Lucius Cornelius Sulla only thirty years earlier, they avoided granting Pompey the dictatorship by instead naming him sole consul for the year, giving him extraordinary but limited powers.
Tribune of the plebs
3 linksThe first office of the Roman state that was open to the plebeians, and was, throughout the history of the Republic, the most important check on the power of the Roman Senate and magistrates.
The first office of the Roman state that was open to the plebeians, and was, throughout the history of the Republic, the most important check on the power of the Roman Senate and magistrates.
Only a dictator (or perhaps an interrex) was exempted from the veto power.
Former tribunes were once again admitted to the annual magistracies beginning in 75 BC, and the tribunician authority was fully restored by the consuls Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus and Marcus Licinius Crassus in 70.
Senatus consultum ultimum
2 linksModern term given to resolutions of the Roman senate lending its moral support for magistrates to use the full extent of their powers and ignore the laws to safeguard the state.
Modern term given to resolutions of the Roman senate lending its moral support for magistrates to use the full extent of their powers and ignore the laws to safeguard the state.
Its usage in the late republic also was in contrast to the general practice of the early republic to appoint dictators to resolve domestic unrest.
"Faced with violence and bloodshed in the streets while there were still no magistrates in office", the senate moved the senatus consultum ultimum and instructed an interrex, with the support of Pompey and his troops, to restore order and suppress the Clodian and Milonian mobs.
Sulla's civil war
1 linksFought between the Roman general Lucius Cornelius Sulla and his opponents, the Cinna-Marius faction , in the years 83–81 BC. The war ended with a decisive battle just outside Rome itself.
Fought between the Roman general Lucius Cornelius Sulla and his opponents, the Cinna-Marius faction , in the years 83–81 BC. The war ended with a decisive battle just outside Rome itself.
After the war the victorious Sulla made himself dictator of the republic.
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey), son of Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo, raised three legions from among his father's veterans in his native Picenum and, defeating and outmanoeuvering the Marian forces, he made his way to join Sulla. When Pompey met Sulla, he addressed him as Imperator.