A report on Praxinoscope

An 1879 illustration of a praxinoscope
A projecting praxinoscope, 1882
The Théâtre Optique, 1892. This ultimate elaboration of the device used long strips with hundreds of narrative images.
The kinematofor made by Ernst Plank, of Nuremberg, Germany: a variation of the praxinoscope, powered by a miniature hot air engine.

Animation device, the successor to the zoetrope.

- Praxinoscope
An 1879 illustration of a praxinoscope

4 related topics with Alpha

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Émile Reynaud

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Poster for the Théâtre Optique
Projecting praxinoscope, 1880, superimposing an animated figure on a separately projected background scene
Reynaud and his Théâtre Optique (patented 1888), in 1892
Stereoscopic praxinoscope Stéréo-cinéma, 1907
Autour d'une cabine

Charles-Émile Reynaud (8 December 1844 – 9 January 1918) was a French inventor, responsible for the praxinoscope (an animation device patented in 1877 that improved on the zoetrope) and was responsible for the first projected animated films.

A performance of Pauvre Pierrot as imagined by Louis Poyet, published in La Nature in July 1892

Théâtre Optique

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Animated moving picture system invented by Émile Reynaud and patented in 1888.

Animated moving picture system invented by Émile Reynaud and patented in 1888.

A performance of Pauvre Pierrot as imagined by Louis Poyet, published in La Nature in July 1892
1888 patent illustration (top view): A=praxinoscope, B=axis, C=crown with protruding pins, D=reel drum with film, E=reel drum, F=flexible band, attached to drum E
1888 patent illustration (side view): O=direct viewing position
Théâtre Optique advertisement bill, offering demonstrations daily between 2 and 5 (except Saturdays)
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Pauvre Pierrot (1892)
Autour d'una Cabine (1894)

The Théâtre Optique was a further development of the projection version of Reynaud's praxinoscope animation toy, which had already been covered in the first praxinoscope patent as registered on 30 August 1877.

Nr. 10 in the reworked second series of Stampfer's stroboscopic discs published by Trentsensky & Vieweg in 1833.

Animation

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Method in which figures are manipulated to appear as moving images.

Method in which figures are manipulated to appear as moving images.

Nr. 10 in the reworked second series of Stampfer's stroboscopic discs published by Trentsensky & Vieweg in 1833.
A projecting praxinoscope, from 1882, here shown superimposing an animated figure on a separately projected background scene
Fantasmagorie (1908) by Émile Cohl
Italian-Argentine cartoonist Quirino Cristiani showing the cut and articulated figure of his satirical character El Peludo (based on President Yrigoyen) patented in 1916 for the realization of his films, including the world's first animated feature film El Apóstol.
An example of traditional animation, a horse animated by rotoscoping from Eadweard Muybridge's 19th-century photos.
A clay animation scene from a Finnish television commercial
A 2D animation of two circles joined by a chain
World of Color hydrotechnics at Disney California Adventure creates the illusion of motion using 1,200 fountains with high-definition projections on mist screens.

Analog mechanical animation media that rely on the rapid display of sequential images include the phénakisticope, zoetrope, flip book, praxinoscope, and film.

A modern replica of a Victorian zoetrope

Zoetrope

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One of several pre-film animation devices that produce the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence of drawings or photographs showing progressive phases of that motion.

One of several pre-film animation devices that produce the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence of drawings or photographs showing progressive phases of that motion.

A modern replica of a Victorian zoetrope
Device described in John Bate's The Mysteries of Nature and Art (1635)
Four phase animation device as depicted in Hopwood's Living Pictures (1899)
Czermak's 1855 Stereophoroskop
W.E. Lincoln's U.S. Patent No. 64,117 of April 23, 1867
Marey's 1887 zoetrope with ten sculptures of different phases of the flight of a gull
The BRAVIA-drome at Venaria, in Northern Italy
9/11 Zoetrope by Scott Blake

Émile Reynaud's 1877 praxinoscope was an improvement on the zoetrope that became popular toward the end of the 19th century.