A report on Programming language

The source code for a simple computer program written in the C programming language. The gray lines are comments that help explain the program to humans in a natural language. When compiled and run, it will give the output "Hello, world!".

A selection of programming language textbooks; only a few of the thousands available.

Parse tree of Python code with inset tokenization

Syntax highlighting is often used to aid programmers in recognizing elements of source code. The language above is Python.

Any set of rules that converts strings, or graphical program elements in the case of visual programming languages, to various kinds of machine code output.

- Programming language

108 related topics with Alpha

C (programming language)

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Dennis Ritchie (right), the inventor of the C programming language, with Ken Thompson

The cover of the book The C Programming Language, first edition, by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie

"Hello, World!" program by Brian Kernighan (1978)

The TIOBE index graph, showing a comparison of the popularity of various programming languages

C (, as in the C|letter c) is a general-purpose computer programming language.

Compiler

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Lexer and parser example for C. Starting from the sequence of characters " ", the scanner composes a sequence of tokens, and categorizes each of them, for example as,, , or . The latter sequence is transformed by the parser into a syntax tree, which is then treated by the remaining compiler phases. The scanner and parser handles the regular and properly context-free parts of the grammar for C, respectively.

In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language).

Computer program

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Zuse Z3 replica on display at Deutsches Museum in Munich

Glenn A. Beck is changing a tube in ENIAC.

Switches for manual input on a Data General Nova 3, manufactured in the mid-1970s

IBM's System/360 (1964) CPU wasn't a microprocessor.

Artist's depiction of Sacramento State University's Intel 8008 microcomputer (1972).

The original IBM Personal Computer (1981) used an Intel 8088 microprocessor.

The DEC VT100 (1978) was a widely used computer terminal.

Prior to programming languages, Betty Jennings and Fran Bilas programmed the ENIAC by moving cables and setting switches.

"Hello, World!" computer program by Brian Kernighan (1978)

A computer program written in an imperative language

A diagram showing that the user interacts with the application software. The application software interacts with the operating system, which interacts with the hardware.

A kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer.

Physical memory is scattered around RAM and the hard disk. Virtual memory is one continuous block.

A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute.

Lisp (programming language)

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4.3 BSD from the University of Wisconsin, displaying the man page for Franz Lisp

Box-and-pointer diagram for the list (42 69 613)

Lisp (historically LISP) is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation.

Pascal is an imperative and procedural programming language, designed by Niklaus Wirth as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring.

W3sDesign Interpreter Design Pattern UML

Interpreter (computing)

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An illustration of the linking process. Object files and static libraries are assembled into a new library or executable

In computer science, an interpreter is a computer program that directly executes instructions written in a programming or scripting language, without requiring them previously to have been compiled into a machine language program.

High-level programming language

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In computer science, a high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer.

Ada Lovelace, whose notes added to the end of Luigi Menabrea's paper included the first algorithm designed for processing by an Analytical Engine. She is often recognized as history's first computer programmer.

Computer programming

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Process of performing a particular computation , usually by designing and building an executable computer program.

Data and instructions were once stored on external punched cards, which were kept in order and arranged in program decks.

Wired control panel for an IBM 402 Accounting Machine.

The first known actual bug causing a problem in a computer was a moth, trapped inside a Harvard mainframe, recorded in a log book entry dated September 9, 1947. "Bug" was already a common term for a software defect when this bug was found.

Programming involves tasks such as analysis, generating algorithms, profiling algorithms' accuracy and resource consumption, and the implementation of algorithms (usually in a chosen programming language, commonly referred to as coding).

ALGOL

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Family tree of the Algol, Fortran and COBOL programming language dynasty

ALGOL (short for "Algorithmic Language") is a family of imperative computer programming languages originally developed in 1958.

Fortran

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The IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer installation in 2007 at the Argonne Leadership Angela Yang Computing Facility located in the Argonne National Laboratory, in Lemont, Illinois, USA.

The Fortran Automatic Coding System for the IBM 704 (15 October 1956), the first programmer's reference manual for Fortran

FORTRAN code on a punched card, showing the specialized uses of columns 1–5, 6 and 73–80

A reproduction of a FORTRAN coding form, printed on paper and intended to be used by programmers to prepare programs for punching onto cards by keypunch operators. Now obsolete.

FORTRAN-77 program with compiler output, written on a
CDC 175 at RWTH Aachen University, Germany, in 1987

4.3 BSD for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX, displaying the manual for FORTRAN 77 (f77) compiler

General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic Fortran simulation of black hole accretion using the BHAC code with cartesian adaptive mesh (www.bhac.science).

Velocity and sea surface temperature in the oceans, computed with the NEMO Fortran code (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean, https://www.nemo-ocean.eu) in the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (2020).

Fortran (formerly FORTRAN) is a general-purpose, compiled imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.