A report on Propeller (aeronautics)

The propellers of a C-130J Super Hercules military transport aircraft

A decorated Japanese taketombo bamboo-copter

Prototype created by Mikhail Lomonosov, 1754

A 6-bladed Hamilton Standard 568F propeller on an ATR 72 short-haul airliner

A sailor checks the propeller of a Landing Craft Air Cushion hovercraft

Cut-away view of a Hamilton Standard propeller. This type of constant-speed propeller was used on many American fighters, bombers and transport aircraft of World War II

Feathered propeller on the outboard TP400 turboprop of an Airbus A400M

Airscrew, converts rotary motion from an engine or other power source into a swirling slipstream which pushes the propeller forwards or backwards.

- Propeller (aeronautics)

17 related topics with Alpha

Contra-rotating propellers

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Contra-rotating propellers on the Rolls-Royce Griffon-powered P-51XR Mustang Precious Metal at the 2014 Reno Air Races

Contra-rotating propellers of a Spitfire Mk XIX

One of the four contra-rotating propellers on a Tu-95 Russian strategic bomber

XB-35 Flying Wing showing its quartet of pusher contra-rotating propellers. The option was later discarded due to severe vibration in flight and later changed to traditional single rotating propellers.

Aircraft equipped with contra-rotating propellers, also referred to as CRP, coaxial contra-rotating propellers, or high-speed propellers, apply the maximum power of usually a single piston or turboprop engine to drive a pair of coaxial propellers in contra-rotation.

A mockup of the GE36 at the Musée aéronautique et spatial Safran

Propfan

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Open rotor engine, or unducted fan , is a type of aircraft engine related in concept to both the turboprop and turbofan, but distinct from both.

Propulsive efficiency comparison for various gas turbine engine configurations

Ground–test installation of the Allison 501-M78 engine with an eight-bladed, 108 in diameter Hamilton Standard propeller for the NASA Propfan Test Assessment.

The GE36 on a McDonnell Douglas MD-80 demonstrator at the 1988 Farnborough Air Show. The gearless unducted fan engine had an overall diameter of 11.67 ft, with either eight or ten blades in front (depending on the particular configuration) and eight blades in back.

The PW–Allison 578-DX engine installed on the same MD-80 testbed. The contra-rotating, geared propfan engine is 11.6 ft in diameter, with six blades in front and six blades in back.

The Progress D-236 propfan engine on the Yak-42E-LL testbed aircraft at the Paris Air Show in 1991.

Progress D27 Propfans fitted to an Antonov An-70.

A comparison of the propfan with other types of aircraft engines.

The engine uses a gas turbine to drive an unshrouded (open) contra-rotating propeller like a turboprop, but the design of the propeller itself is more tightly coupled to the turbine design, and the two are certified as a single unit.

Turboprop

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Schematic diagram showing the operation of a turboprop engine

A Rolls-Royce RB.50 Trent on a test rig at Hucknall, in March 1945

The Kuznetsov NK-12 is still the most powerful turboprop

A military transport aircraft, over 2,500 Lockheed C-130 Hercules have been built

The Beech King Air and Super King Air are the most-delivered turboprop business aircraft, with a combined 7,300 examples as of May 2018

A turboprop engine is a turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller.

Airfoil

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Streamlines around a NACA 0012 airfoil at moderate angle of attack

Lift and drag curves for a typical airfoil

Different definitions of airfoil thickness

An airfoil designed for winglets (PSU 90-125WL)

An airfoil section is displayed at the tip of this Denney Kitfox aircraft, built in 1991.

Airfoil of a Kamov Ka-26 helicopter's lower rotor blade

An airfoil (American English) or aerofoil (British English) is the cross-sectional shape of an object whose motion through a gas is capable of generating significant lift, such as a wing, a sail, or the blades of propeller, rotor, or turbine.

Blade pitch

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Blade pitch or simply pitch refers to the angle of a blade in a fluid.

Decommissioned wind turbines of the Kama'oa Wind Farm in Ka Lae/South Point, Hawaii awaiting removal, with rotors stopped and blades feathered.

In aeronautics, blade pitch refers to the angle of the blades of an aircraft propeller or helicopter rotor.

Wing

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Type of fin that produces lift while moving through air or some other fluid.

A white stork flying by flapping its wings.

Condensation in the low pressure region over the wing of an Airbus A340, passing through humid air

Flaps (green) are used in various configurations to increase the wing area and to increase the lift. In conjunction with spoilers (red), flaps maximize drag and minimize lift during the landing roll.

The wing of a landing BMI Airbus A319-100. The slats at its leading edge and the flaps at its trailing edge are extended.

Winged tree seeds that cause autorotation in descent

A laughing gull, exhibiting the "gull wing" outline

An airfoil (American English) or aerofoil (British English) is the shape of a wing, blade (of a propeller, rotor, or turbine), or sail (as seen in cross-section).

One of a C-130J Super Hercules's six-bladed Dowty Rotol R391 composite controllable- and reversible-pitch propellers.

Variable-pitch propeller (aeronautics)

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A hydraulic constant-speed propeller on a Rotax 912S engine in a Dyn'Aéro MCR01 Microlight aircraft.

Pitch-change forces on a constant speed propeller.

Propeller governor PCU5000, made by Jihostroj a.s. company, fitted to an American Champion aircraft

A Hamilton Standard variable-pitch propeller on a 1943 model Stinson V77 Reliant

In aeronautics, a variable-pitch propeller is a type of propeller (airscrew) with blades that can be rotated around their long axis to change the blade pitch.

Propeller speed reduction unit

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Gearbox or a belt and pulley device used to reduce the output revolutions per minute from the higher input rpm of the powerplant.

This allows the use of small displacement internal combustion engines to turn aircraft propellers within an efficient speed range.

A black carbon fibre (used as a reinforcement component) compared to a human hair

Composite material

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Material which is produced from two or more constituent materials.

Composites are formed by combining materials together to form an overall structure with properties that differ from that of the individual components

Concrete is a mixture of adhesive and aggregate, giving a robust, strong material that is very widely used.

Composite sandwich structure panel used for testing at NASA

$Plot of the overall strength of a composite material as a function of fiber volume fraction limited by the upper bound (isostrain) and lower bound (isostress) conditions.$

Figure a) shows the isostress condition where the composite materials are perpendicular to the applied force and b) is the isostrain condition that has the layers parallel to the force.

$The graph depicts the three fracture modes a composite material may experience depending on the angle of misorientation relative to aligning fibres parallel to the applied stress.$

Fibre-reinforced composite materials have gained popularity (despite their generally high cost) in high-performance products that need to be lightweight, yet strong enough to take harsh loading conditions such as aerospace components (tails, wings, fuselages, propellers), boat and scull hulls, bicycle frames and racing car bodies.

Tractor configuration

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A Britten-Norman Trislander aircraft (with an unusual 3rd tractor engine on the tail) at Guernsey Airport, Channel Islands

The Royal Aircraft Factory FE2 is an example of a pusher configuration

In aviation, the term tractor configuration refers to an aircraft constructed in the standard configuration with its engine mounted with the propeller in front of it so that the aircraft is "pulled" through the air.