A report on Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1912)

The Five Races Under One Union flag used by the government
Sun Yat-sen's office at the Presidential Palace, Nanjing
A conference of the cabinets in Nanking Provisional Government
Provisional President Yuan Shikai

Provisional government established during the Xinhai Revolution by the revolutionaries in 1912.

- Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1912)
The Five Races Under One Union flag used by the government

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Nanjing Road (Nanking Road) in Shanghai after the Shanghai Uprising, hung with the Five Races Under One Union flags then used by the revolutionaries in Shanghai and Northern China.

1911 Revolution

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The 1911 Revolution, or Xinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China.

The 1911 Revolution, or Xinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China.

Nanjing Road (Nanking Road) in Shanghai after the Shanghai Uprising, hung with the Five Races Under One Union flags then used by the revolutionaries in Shanghai and Northern China.
Dr. Sun Yat-sen in London
Sun Yat-sen with members of the Tongmenghui
Prince Qing with some royal cabinet members
Flag of the First Guangzhou Uprising
A statue to honor revolutionary Qiu Jin
The memorial for the 72 martyrs
The Iron Blood 18-star flag, used during the Wuchang Uprising
Paths of the uprising
Map of uprisings during the 1911 Revolution
Chen Qimei, military governor of Shanghai
One of the old buildings occupied by the Guangfuhui in Lianjiang County, Fujian
1911 battle at Ta-ping gate, Nanking. Painting by T. Miyano.
Seal of the President of Provisional Government of Republic of China
Tang Shaoyi, left. Edward Selby Little, middle. Wu Tingfang, right.
Sun Yat-sen in 1912 at one of the historic crossroads with the Five Races Under One Union flag and the Iron Blood 18-star flag
Imperial edict for abdication

In Nanjing, revolutionary forces created a provisional coalition government.

Sun Yat-sen

Sun Yat-sen

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Sun Yat-sen
Photograph of Sun Yat-sen, c. 1911
Silver coin: 1 yuan - Sun Yat Sen, 1927
Sun Yat-sen (back row, fourth from right) and his family
Sun (second from left) and his friends the Four Bandits: Yeung Hok-ling (left), Chan Siu-bak (middle), Yau Lit (right), and Guan Jingliang (關景良, standing) at the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, circa 1888
Plaque in London marking the site of a house at 4 Warwick Court, WC1 where Sun Yat-sen lived while in exile
Letter from Sun Yat-sen to James Cantlie announcing to him that he has assumed the Presidency of the Provisional Republican Government of China, dated 21 January 1912
A letter with Sun's seal commencing the Tongmenghui in Hong Kong
Interior of the Wan Qing Yuan featuring Sun's items and photos
The Sun Yat-sen Museum in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, where he planned the Xinhai Revolution.
The Revolutionary Army of the Wuchang uprising fighting in the Battle of Yangxia
"Portrait of Sun Yat-sen" (1921) Li Tiefu Oil on Canvas 93×71.7cm
(L-R): Liao Zhongkai, Chiang Kai-shek, Sun Yat-sen and Soong Ching-ling at the founding of the Whampoa Military Academy in 1924
Sun Yat-sen (seated) and Chiang Kai-shek
Sun (seated, right) and his wife Soong Ching-ling (seated next to him) in Kobe, Japan in 1924
Chinese generals at the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in 1928 after the Northern Expedition. From right: Cheng Jin (何成浚), Zhang Zuobao (張作寶), Chen Diaoyuan (陳調元), Chiang Kai-shek, Woo Tsin-hang, Yan Xishan, Ma Fuxiang, Ma Sida (馬四達), and Bai Chongxi.
Statue in the Mausoleum, Kuomintang flag on the ceiling
Lu Muzhen (1867–1952), Sun's first wife from 1885 to 1915
Kaoru Otsuki, Sun's Japanese wife
Fumiko, the daughter of Sun and Kaoru
Aerial perspective of Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall in central Singapore. Taken in 2016
Sun Yat-Sen monument in Chinatown area of Los Angeles, California
Sun Yat-Sen plaza in the Chinese Quarter of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Sun Yat-sen tribute in Tiananmen Square, 2010
Mausoleum of Sun Yat-sen, Nanjing.
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, Guangzhou.
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, Taipei
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Centre, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
A marker on the Sun Yat-sen Historical Trail on Hong Kong Island

Sun Yat-sen (born Sun Te-ming; 12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925), also known as Sun Yat-sun, Sun Chung-shan, Sun Yi-hsien, Sun Wen, Sun Jih-hsin, Suen Yat-sen, Suen Yat-sun, Sun Yixian and Sun Rixin, was a Chinese statesman, physician, and political philosopher, who served as the first provisional president of the Republic of China and the first leader of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China).

The first page of the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China

Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China

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The first page of the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China

After victory in the Xinhai Revolution, the Nanjing Provisional Government of the Republic of China, led by Sun Yat-sen, framed the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China (, 1912), which was an outline of basic regulations with the qualities of a formal constitution.

Beiyang government

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The Beiyang government, officially the Republic of China , sometimes spelled Peiyang Government and also known as the First Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China which sat in its capital Peking (Beijing) between 1912 and 1928.

The Beiyang government, officially the Republic of China , sometimes spelled Peiyang Government and also known as the First Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China which sat in its capital Peking (Beijing) between 1912 and 1928.

Republic of China between 1912 and 1928.
The first Congress of the Republic of China in 1915
Republic of China between 1912 and 1928.
Yuan Shikai's inauguration as the provisional president.
The Yuan Shikai "dollar" (yuan in Chinese), issued for the first time in 1914, became a dominant coin type of the Republic of China.
Duan Qirui, Chief Executive of the Republic of China
Protests during the May Fourth Movement
President Cao Kun.
The Beijing bell and drum towers ceased being official timepieces after the coup.
The flag of the Kuomintang and the new national flag crested on a building in Harbin, Manchuria.
From 1911 to 1916.
From 1916 to 1920.
From 1921 to 1922.
From 1923 to 1924.
From 1925 to 1926.
From 1927 to 1928.

After the Xinhai Revolution of 1911–1912, the rebels established a republican Provisional Government in Nanjing under President Sun Yat-sen and Vice President Li Yuanhong.

Hu Hanmin

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Chinese philosopher and politician who was one of the early conservative right factional leaders in the Kuomintang (KMT) during revolutionary China.

Chinese philosopher and politician who was one of the early conservative right factional leaders in the Kuomintang (KMT) during revolutionary China.

Shortly after the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, he was appointed the governor of Guangdong and chief secretary of the Provisional Government.

Provisional government

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Interim government, an emergency government, or a transitional government, is an emergency governmental authority set up to manage a political transition generally in the cases of new nations or following the collapse of the previous governing administration.

Interim government, an emergency government, or a transitional government, is an emergency governmental authority set up to manage a political transition generally in the cases of new nations or following the collapse of the previous governing administration.

Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1912), established after the success of the Wuchang uprising.

President of the Republic of China

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Head of state of the Republic of China and the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces.

Head of state of the Republic of China and the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces.

The Presidential Building in Zhongzheng District, Taipei houses the office of the ROC President currently.
The Presidential Southern Office in Fengshan District, Kaohsiung opened on 10 March 2017.
The Presidential Central Office in Fengyuan District, Taichung opened on 18 March 2017.
Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and Army General Li Tsung-jen were elected by the National Assembly to be the first-term president and vice president on 20 May 1948.
At the funeral of Pope John Paul II, President Chen Shui-bian (far left), whom the Holy See recognized as the head of state of China, was seated in the front row (in French alphabetical order) beside the first lady and president of Brazil.
Air Force 3701, the presidential aircraft of the Republic of China.
Official results of the election announcing Sun's election on November 10, 1911.
The West Garden Hall in Presidential Palace, Nanjing was the office of the Provisional President in 1912.
After Yuan Shikai's Peiyang Government took control of the ROC, the house in Peking was the office of the president.
Presidential Palace in Xuanwu District, Nanjing housed the office of the Chairman of the National Government of the ROC in 1927–1937.
The Presidential Building in Presidential Palace, Nanjing was the office of the President of ROC after the 1947 Chinese Constitution, until the Government of the ROC fled to Taiwan in 1949.
Sun Yat-sen
1st: Chiang Kai-shek
2nd: Yen Chia-kan
4th: Lee Teng-hui
5th: Chen Shui-bian
6th: Ma Ying-jeou

After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising against Qing rule in 1911, the revolutionaries elected Sun Yat-sen as the "provisional president" (臨時大總統) of the transitional government, with the Republic of China officially established on 1 January 1912.

Artillerymen of the Revolutionary Army take aim on Qing Army positions during the Battle of Yangxia.

Battle of Yangxia

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The largest military engagement of the Xinhai Revolution and was

The largest military engagement of the Xinhai Revolution and was

Artillerymen of the Revolutionary Army take aim on Qing Army positions during the Battle of Yangxia.
1915 Map of the tri-cities of Wuhan, with Hankou (Hankow) to the upper left, Hanyang to lower left and Wuchang, across the Yangtze River to the right. Hankou and Hanyang are divided by the Han River. Dazhimen (Ta-tche-men) Station is on the Beijing-Hankou (Peking-Hankow) Railway in Hankou. The green patch just south of the Han River represents the Guishan (Kwei-shan) Heights of Hanyang.
The Imperial Beiyang Army traveling by rail to recapture Hankou.
Soldiers of the Revolutionary Army marching past residents in Wuchang.
Captured Revolutionary Army soldiers in Hankou.
The Revolutionary Army firing from entrenched positions at Shilipu in Hanyang.
The Revolutionary Army with the 19-Point Army Flag, outside the headquarters of the Republic of China Military Government in Wuchang in 1911.
Li Yuanhong and Sun Yat-sen in Wuchang in April 1912 after the Xinhai Revolution had succeeded in toppling the Qing Dynasty.
Battle of Hankou
Ambush of Imperial forces at Liujiamiao.
Battle of Hankou from the Imperial Army lines.
Battle of Hankou (2)
Fighting in Hankou's rail yards
Fighting near Hanyang
The revolutionary army marches on Wuchang

The political negotiations eventually led to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor, Puyi, and the formation of a united provisional government of the Republic of China led by former loyalist Yuan Shikai and revolutionaries Sun Yat-sen, Li Yuanhong and Huang Xing.

Zhang Jian

Zhang Jian (businessman)

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Chinese entrepreneur, politician and educator.

Chinese entrepreneur, politician and educator.

Zhang Jian

He was appointed as the Minister of Enterprise of the temporary government of the Provisional Government in Nanjing, but did not take the office actually.