Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea

Map of the Korean Peninsula showing the government's territorial claims, controlled and occupied by Japan until 1945
The Shinhan Youth Party submitted to "Thirteen Demands" in the Paris Peace Conference
Map of the Korean Peninsula showing the government's territorial claims, controlled and occupied by Japan until 1945
Prince Imperial Uihwa
Provisional charter of the Republic of Korea
Kim Kyu-sik (1890s)
Kim Gu
No. 50, Ruijin No. 2 Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, the birthplace of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Photo memorializing the establishment of the Provisional Government, 1919
Site of the Provisional Government in Shanghai
Site of the Provisional Government in Hangzhou
Provisional Government in Liuzhou
Museum of the Provisional Government in Chongqing
Taegeukgi in the Provisional Government headquarters in Shanghai
Office of Kim Gu in the Provisional Government headquarters in Shanghai
Declaration of war against the Axis powers by the Provisional Government
Migration map of the Provisional Government

Partially recognized Korean government-in-exile based in Shanghai, China, and later in Chongqing, during the period of Japanese colonial rule in Korea.

- Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea

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President of South Korea

Leader of the State Council of the Republic of Korea.

'''Rhee Syngman
'''Yun Posun
'''Park Chung-hee
Choi Kyu-hah
Roh Tae-woo
Kim Young-sam
'''Kim Dae-jung
'''Roh Moo-hyun
'''Lee Myung-bak
'''Park Geun-hye
'''Moon Jae-in
'''Chun Doo-hwan

Prior to the establishment of the First Republic in 1948, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea established in Shanghai in September 1919 as the continuation of several governments proclaimed in the aftermath of March 1st Movement earlier that year coordinated Korean people's resistance against Japan during the Japanese occupation of Korea.

Kim Gu

Korean statesman politician.

Kim in 1949
Educational activities
105 persons Incidents
Kim Gu (1919)
Kim Koo took photos with Chinese engineers who help make the bombs used by Yun Bong-gil
Kim Koo and Bang Eungmo (1946)
Kim Gu and Kim Il-sung (1948)
Kim Gu's funeral, 5 July 1949

He was the sixth, ninth and later the last President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, a leader of the Korean independence movement against the Empire of Japan, and a reunification activist after 1945.

Constitution of South Korea

Supreme law of South Korea.

Preamble of the first version of the Constitution

The preamble of the Constitution of South Korea states that the document was established in the spirit of "upholding the cause of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government", the Korean government exiled after the imposition of Japanese colonial rule of Korea.

March 1st Movement

Protest movement by Korean people and students calling for independence from Japan, and protesting forced assimilation into the Japanese way of life.

The March 1st Movement monument.
Centennial Anniversary Ceremony for March 1st Independence Movement March 1, 2019
Japanese soldiers were barricade at the entrance of Pagoda Park in Seoul to prevent the peaceful demonstration.
A Korean house burnt by Japanese.
March 1st Movement celebrations in Seoul, 2013
In the May, 1920 issue of Scribner's Magazine appeared an article entilted "Korea's Rebellion: the part played by Christians"

The Movement was a catalyst for the establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Shanghai in April 1919.

United States Army Military Government in Korea

The official ruling body of the southern half of the Korean Peninsula from 8 September 1945 to 15 August 1948.

Location of the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula
Japanese forces surrender to the U.S. Army at Seoul, Korea, on 9 September 1945
Location of the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula
Anti-Trusteeship Campaign, December 1945
General MacArthur at the handover ceremony from Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers to President Syngman Rhee on 15 August 1948

The U.S. administration also refused to recognize the members of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, led by Kim Ku, who were obliged to enter the country as private citizens.

Government in exile

Political group that claims to be a country or semi-sovereign state's legitimate government, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in a foreign country.

Member states of the United Nations (UN), as defined by the UN.

While formed long before World War II, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea continued in exile in China until the end of the war.

Korean independence movement

Military and diplomatic campaign to achieve the independence of Korea from Japan.

Satellite image of Korea

In China, Korean independence activists built ties with the National Government of the Republic of China which supported the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (KPG), as a government in exile.

Syngman Rhee

South Korean politician who served as the first president of South Korea from 1948 to 1960.

Official portrait, 1948
Rhee in 1905 dressed to meet Theodore Roosevelt
Rhee and Vice President of the Korean Provisional Government Kim Kyu-sik in 1919
Rhee and American general Douglas MacArthur at the ceremony inaugurating the government of the Republic of Korea
Ceremony inaugurating the government of the Republic of Korea (15 August 1948)
Rhee with President of the Republic of China Chiang Kai-shek in 1949
Prisoners lie on the ground before execution by South Korean troops near Daejon, South Korea, July 1950. Photo by U.S. Army Maj. Abbott.
South Korean soldiers walk among bodies of South Korean political prisoners shot near Daejon, South Korea, July 1950. Photo by U.S. Army Major Abbott.
Rhee awarding a medal to U.S. Navy Rear Admiral Ralph A. Ofstie during the Korean War in 1952
Rhee and his wife posing with Army Corps of Engineers personnel in 1950 at the Han River Bridge
Rhee on Time magazine cover, 1953
Rhee depicted on a 1959-issued 100 hwan coin

Rhee was also the first and last president of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea from 1919 to his impeachment in 1925 and from 1947 to 1948.

South Korea

Country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea.

The name Korea is derived from Goguryeo, also known as Koryŏ, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
Changdeok Palace, one of the Five Grand Palaces built during the Joseon Dynasty and another UNESCO World Heritage Site
The War Memorial of Korea, built in remembrance of the Korean War (1950–1953)
Between 1962 and 1994, the South Korean economy grew at an average of 10% annually, fueled by annual export growth of 20%, in a period called the Miracle on the Han River.
President Park Chung-hee played a pivotal role in rapidly developing South Korea's economy through export-oriented industrialization.
President Kim Dae-jung, the 2000 Nobel Peace Prize recipient for advancing democracy and human rights in South Korea and East Asia and for reconciliation with North Korea, was sometimes called the "Nelson Mandela of Asia."
South Korea became the first non-G7 chair of the G-20 when it hosted the 2010 Seoul summit.
Topography of South Korea
Jeju Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Cheonggyecheon river is a modern public recreation space in downtown Seoul.
Separation of powers and the election system of South Korea
The National Assembly of South Korea
Population pyramid of South Korea in 2021
Koreans in traditional dress
Seoul National University is considered to be the most prestigious university in South Korea.
KAIST main campus in Daejeon
Dialects of the Korean language
Buddha's Birthday celebration in Seoul
Development of life expectancy in North Korea and South Korea
Former Secretary-General of the United Nations (2007–2016), Ban Ki-moon
The Joint Security Area
North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and South Korean President Moon Jae-in shake hands inside the Peace House
South Korean president Moon Jae-in meets with Russian president Vladimir Putin
Liancourt Rocks have become an issue known as the Liancourt Rocks dispute.
President Moon Jae-in and U.S. President Joe Biden having lunch on 21 May 2021, on the Oval Office Patio of the White House
ROKN Sejong the Great, a King Sejong the Great -class guided-missile destroyer built by Hyundai Heavy Industries
The South Korean-developed K2 Black Panther, built by Hyundai Rotem
ROKAF FA-50, a supersonic combat aircraft developed by Korea Aerospace Industries
ROKS Dokdo, the lead ship of the, built by Hanjin Heavy Industries
Haeundae Beach in Busan
A 3D OLED TV made by Korean LG Display, the world's largest LCD and OLED maker
Naro-1 at the launch pad
Albert HUBO, developed by KAIST, can make expressive gestures with its five separate fingers.
A musician playing a gayageum
A blue and white porcelain peach-shaped water dropper from the Joseon Dynasty in the 18th century
Namdaemun
Bulguksa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Bibimbap
BTS, one of the most successful K-pop groups
Psy became an international sensation with "Gangnam Style" in 2012.
Seoul Sports Complex, Korea's largest integrated sports center
Sajik Baseball Stadium in Busan. Baseball is one of the most popular sports in South Korea.
Taekwondo, a Korean martial art and Olympic sport

There were several groups who fought for independence, the most notable being the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 임시정부 / 大韓民國臨時政府).

Ahn Changho

Korean independence activist and one of the early leaders of the Korean-American immigrant community in the United States.

Ahn in Los Angeles, California
Statue of Ahn Chang-ho in Riverside, California
National Association annual convention in 1915
Ahn Chang-ho (1937.11.10)
Ahn Chang Ho picking oranges in Southern California c. 1910
Dosan Ahn Changho Post Office in Koreatown, Los Angeles

He established the Young Korean Academy (흥사단; 興士團) in San Francisco in 1913 and was a key member in the founding of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Shanghai in 1919.