Routing protocol

Routing protocol classification computer networks.

A routing protocol specifies how routers communicate with each other to distribute information that enables them to select routes between nodes on a computer network.

- Routing protocol
Routing protocol classification computer networks.

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Alpha
Example of backbone, area 0 with 2 routers, R1 and R2

Open Shortest Path First

Example of backbone, area 0 with 2 routers, R1 and R2
Figure show 3 routers with 2 areas, area 0 and area 122, sharing one router.
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Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks.

Routing protocol classification computer networks.

Interior gateway protocol

Routing protocol classification computer networks.

An interior gateway protocol (IGP) is a type of routing protocol used for exchanging routing table information between gateways (commonly routers) within an autonomous system (for example, a system of corporate local area networks).

Encapsulation of application data carried by UDP to a link protocol frame

Internet Protocol

Network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.

Network layer communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.

Encapsulation of application data carried by UDP to a link protocol frame
A timeline for the development of the transmission control Protocol TCP and Internet Protocol IP.
First Internet demonstration, linking the ARPANET, PRNET, and SATNET on November 22, 1977

Routers communicate with one another via specially designed routing protocols, either interior gateway protocols or exterior gateway protocols, as needed for the topology of the network.

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Routing Information Protocol

One of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols which employs the hop count as a routing metric.

One of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols which employs the hop count as a routing metric.

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In most networking environments, RIP is not the preferred choice of routing protocol, as its time to converge and scalability are poor compared to EIGRP, OSPF, or IS-IS.

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Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

Advanced distance-vector routing protocol that is used on a computer network for automating routing decisions and configuration.

Advanced distance-vector routing protocol that is used on a computer network for automating routing decisions and configuration.

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EIGRP is a distance vector & Link State routing protocol that uses the diffusing update algorithm (DUAL) (based on work from SRI International) to improve the efficiency of the protocol and to help prevent calculation errors when attempting to determine the best path to a remote network.

The Internet Messenger by Buky Schwartz, located in Holon, Israel

Internet

Global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices.

Global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices.

The Internet Messenger by Buky Schwartz, located in Holon, Israel
T3 NSFNET Backbone, c. 1992.
ICANN headquarters in the Playa Vista neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States.
2007 map showing submarine fiberoptic telecommunication cables around the world.
Packet routing across the Internet involves several tiers of Internet service providers.
Number of mobile cellular subscriptions 2012–2016
As user data is processed through the protocol stack, each abstraction layer adds encapsulation information at the sending host. Data is transmitted over the wire at the link level between hosts and routers. Encapsulation is removed by the receiving host. Intermediate relays update link encapsulation at each hop, and inspect the IP layer for routing purposes.
Conceptual data flow in a simple network topology of two hosts (A and B) connected by a link between their respective routers. The application on each host executes read and write operations as if the processes were directly connected to each other by some kind of data pipe. After the establishment of this pipe, most details of the communication are hidden from each process, as the underlying principles of communication are implemented in the lower protocol layers. In analogy, at the transport layer the communication appears as host-to-host, without knowledge of the application data structures and the connecting routers, while at the internetworking layer, individual network boundaries are traversed at each router.
A DNS resolver consults three name servers to resolve the domain name user-visible "www.wikipedia.org" to determine the IPV4 Address 207.142.131.234
Creating a subnet by dividing the host identifier
This NeXT Computer was used by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN and became the world's first Web server.
Share of population using the Internet. See or edit source data.
Internet users per 100 population members and GDP per capita for selected countries.
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Internet users in 2015 as a percentage of a country's population Source: International Telecommunication Union.
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Routing tables are maintained by manual configuration or automatically by routing protocols.

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Distance-vector routing protocol

A distance-vector routing protocol in data networks determines the best route for data packets based on distance.

A distance-vector routing protocol in data networks determines the best route for data packets based on distance.

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The oldest routing protocol, and the oldest distance-vector protocol, is version 1 of the Routing Information Protocol (RIPv1).

Routing protocol classification computer networks.

Link-state routing protocol

Routing protocol classification computer networks.

Link-state routing protocols are one of the two main classes of routing protocols used in packet switching networks for computer communications, the other being distance-vector routing protocols.

Rack containing several enterprise class routers connected to multiple networks

Router (computing)

Networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

Networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

Rack containing several enterprise class routers connected to multiple networks
Home and small office wireless router
A typical home or small office DSL router showing the telephone socket (left, white) to connect it to the internet using ADSL, and Ethernet jacks (right, yellow) to connect it to home computers and printers.
A screenshot of the LuCI web interface used by OpenWrt. This page configures Dynamic DNS.
The first ARPANET router, the Interface Message Processor was delivered to UCLA August 30, 1969, and went online October 29, 1969

When multiple routers are used in interconnected networks, the routers can exchange information about destination addresses using a routing protocol.

Routing protocol classification computer networks.

IS-IS

Routing protocol classification computer networks.

Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS, also written ISIS) is a routing protocol designed to move information efficiently within a computer network, a group of physically connected computers or similar devices.